“對(duì)社會(huì)有突出貢獻(xiàn)的人物”主題作業(yè)精選

余愛(ài)香 李魏芳 朱巧敏

（廣東省河源市東源高級(jí)中學(xué)）

主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)之對(duì)社會(huì)有突出貢獻(xiàn)的人物

主題語(yǔ)境與教材：新人教版必修三Unit 2 Morals and Virtues,選擇性必修一Unit 1 People of Achievement

單元主題概述：新人教版必修三Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 與選擇性必修一Unit 1 People of Achievement 以國(guó)內(nèi)外杰出的醫(yī)學(xué)家、科學(xué)家、藝術(shù)家、文學(xué)家等及其對(duì)社會(huì)的突出貢獻(xiàn)及其深遠(yuǎn)價(jià)值為話題。

主題語(yǔ)境與高考：2016年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷閱讀A篇，2017年浙江卷完形填空，2018年浙江卷閱讀A 篇，2018 年全國(guó)Ⅲ卷閱讀C 篇，2019 全國(guó)Ⅱ卷語(yǔ)法填空，2020 年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷書面表達(dá)，2021 年全國(guó)新高考Ⅱ卷閱讀C 篇。

第一部分：主題語(yǔ)境夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)篇

一、夯實(shí)必備知識(shí)

（一）主題單詞中英互譯(略)

（二）詞塊翻譯

1.first aid ____________________

2.in despair ____________________

3.pass away __________________

4.be hired as __________________

5.the Nobel Prize ______________

6.tend patients ________________

7.mourn sb.as ______________________

8.be awarded to ______________________

9.insist on doing sth. ___________________

10.moral dilemma ____________________

11.take up a position __________________

12.寧愿做某事 ______________________

13.結(jié)果 ____________________________

14.辭職 ____________________________

15.流著淚，含著淚 __________________

16.畢業(yè)于 __________________________

17.為……負(fù)責(zé) ______________________

18.在公眾眼里 ______________________

19.扮演重要的角色 __________________

20.作為……而出名 __________________

21.帶有……的目標(biāo) __________________

22.為了紀(jì)念…… ____________________

23.幫助某人渡過(guò)難關(guān) ________________

24.對(duì)……做出巨大貢獻(xiàn) ______________

（三）主題詞匯詞性轉(zhuǎn)變（說(shuō)明：全部選自教材）

1.marryv.(和某人)結(jié)婚；嫁；娶→_______n.結(jié)婚；婚姻

2.respondvt.回答；回復(fù)vi.做出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)→_____________n.反應(yīng)；回答；回復(fù)

3.rejectvt.拒絕接受；不錄用→___________n.拒絕接受；否決

4.majoradj.主要的;大的;重要的→_______n.大部分;大多數(shù)

5.appointvt.任命；委派→__________n.約會(huì)；任命；委任→____________adj.約定的；指定的

6.electvt.選舉；推選→_________n.選舉；推選；當(dāng)選

7.scarevt.驚嚇；使害怕vi.受驚嚇→_________adj.害怕的；對(duì)……感到驚慌或恐懼的→ _____________adj.令人恐懼的

8.operatevt.&vi.做手術(shù)；經(jīng)營(yíng)；操作；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)→________n.手術(shù)；企業(yè)；經(jīng)營(yíng)→________n.操作員；話務(wù)員；經(jīng)營(yíng)者

9.accidentn.（交通）事故，意外遭遇→______adj.偶然的→__________adv.偶然地

10.gradualadj.逐漸的→________adv.逐漸地

11.evaluatevt.評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估→________n.評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估

12.distinctadj.清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的→_____________n.區(qū)別；差別

13.noveln.(長(zhǎng)篇)小說(shuō)adj.新穎的；珍奇的→_____________n.小說(shuō)家

14.politicn.政治→____________n.政治家；從政者；政客→ __________adj.政治的

15.gentleadj.溫柔的；文靜的→___________adv.溫柔地；溫和地

16.passionn.酷愛(ài)；激情→_______________adj.有激情的

17.professorn.教授→__________n.職業(yè)，行業(yè)→________adj.職業(yè)的n.專業(yè)人士

18.analysevt.分析→_____________n.分析

19.sciencen.科學(xué)→____________n.科學(xué)家→__________adj.科學(xué)的→________adv.科學(xué)地

20.sumvi.總結(jié)，概括n.金額，總數(shù)→___________n.總結(jié)

二、即時(shí)演練

（一）寫出下列畫線詞語(yǔ)的漢語(yǔ)意思

1.He was at this time in his late fifties,a tall,elegant man with good features and thick dark hair.

__________

2.It is the capable people that we seek to work with;otherwise we cannot develop quickly and smoothly. __________

3.She was very sympathetic to the problems of adult students.

__________

4.Somewhere out there was a desperate man,cold,hungry,hunted.

__________

5.Virtue,as a precious stone,is brighter against a plain background.

__________

6.A British woman who won a $ 1 million prize after she was named the World’s Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.（2021 年全國(guó)新高考Ⅱ卷閱讀C 篇）

__________

7.No one will ever know what mix of talent,ambition,energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.(2018 年浙江卷閱讀A 改編)

__________

8.In 1870,when Dickens died,the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher,famous and beloved.(2018 年浙江卷閱讀A 篇)

__________

9.Winning is not the prime objective in this sport and people should see the result objectively.

__________

10.Her condition took a sharp turn for the worse.

__________

11.She describes her own moral dilemma in making the film.

__________

12.For its various usages,it is easy to attack and difficult to be defended with its unique might.

___________

13.There is nothing we can do to help Linda,whose circumstances are beyond our control.(必修二 Unit 2)

___________

14.I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.（2021 年全國(guó)新高考Ⅱ卷閱讀C 篇)

___________

15.It is universally acknowledged that Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists of all time and he was also a really great person. __________

（二）單句語(yǔ)法填空

1.Running is cheap,easy and it’s always _______(energy).（2018 年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用第二節(jié)）

2.Though Lin Qiaozhi never married,she was known _______ the“mother of ten thousand babies”.（必修二 Unit 2）

3....it is our creative spirit,our visionary sense of freshness,_______ has been our_______ (strong)for centuries.（2021 年全國(guó)Ⅱ卷閱讀C 篇改編）

4.The_______ (major) of students show great respect for their teachers.

5....China has a________ (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.(2022 年全國(guó)乙卷語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用第二節(jié))

6.It’s impossible to tell who will win the next_______(elect).

7.After Dr.Berthune’s death,Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article _______ memory of him.

8.When he looked down,he _______(accidental)slipped and fell over the edge.(2022 年全國(guó)新高考Ⅱ卷語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用第二節(jié))

9.When he realized that the bear was coming back to attack him,he felt so_______(scare).(2020 年浙江卷讀后續(xù)寫)

10.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which_______(gradual) turned into chopsticks.(2016 年新課標(biāo)Ⅲ卷英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用第二節(jié))

11.Sun Yat-sen was widely considered to be the_______(found) and forerunner of modern China.(選擇性必修一Unit 1)

12.He committed himself to _______(serve) the people all his life.

13.Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable _______(evaluate).

14.We _____ (impress) by the old man,_______was not willing to acknowledge defeat.(選擇性必修一Unit 1)

15.Another way of setting realistic goals is_______ (analyse) your short and long term_______(objective),keeping in mind your beliefs,values and strengths.

16.As the small boat moved,_______(gentle)along the river,he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.(2020年全國(guó)Ⅲ卷語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用第二節(jié)）

（三）語(yǔ)篇語(yǔ)法填空

At age 5,Lin Qiaozhi was affected 1.__________(deep) by her mother’s death.At age 18,she decided to study medicine instead of 2.__________(follow)the traditional path of marriage.After graduating from Peking Union Medical College with the Wenhai Scholarship,3.__________ highest prize given to 4.__________(graduate),she 5.__________(hire) as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.Several years later,she was sent to study in Europe and then the US,6.__________she was invited to stay by her colleagues but she 7.__________(reject) their offer.In 1941,Lin Qiaozhi became the first Chinese woman ever 8.__________(appoint) director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.In 1954 she was elected to the first National People’s Congress.However,despite all these important positions,she was more interested in tending patients,9.__________(publish) medical research on care for women and children,and training the next generation of doctors.Though Lin Qiaozhi never married,she was known 10._____________the“mother of ten thousand babies”,having delivered over 50 000 babies in her lifetime.

三、主題語(yǔ)境寫作句子翻譯

1.對(duì)一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，沒(méi)有什么比他們的生命更珍貴的了。

To a person,nothing is____________________ .

2.林畢業(yè)于北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院（PUMC），獲得了文海獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，這是授予畢業(yè)生的最高獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。

Lin ______________ Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship,___________________.

3.作為醫(yī)生，我們應(yīng)該對(duì)病人負(fù)責(zé)，并把他們當(dāng)作我們的姐妹來(lái)對(duì)待。

As doctors,we should _____________________the patients and _________________ our sisters.

4.雖然林巧稚從未結(jié)婚，但她被稱為“一萬(wàn)個(gè)孩子的母親”，一生中接生了5 萬(wàn)多個(gè)孩子。

Though Lin Qiaozhi never married,she____________________ the“mother of ten thousand babies”,having delivered over 50 000 babies in her lifetime.

5.亨利?諾曼?白求恩是一名加拿大醫(yī)生他，非常有創(chuàng)造力并有著幫助人們的決心。

Henry Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor_____________________.

6.盡管困難重重，白求恩醫(yī)生還是盡其所能幫助中國(guó)人民。

_____________,Dr.Berthune did_______________________________ the Chinese people.

7.白求恩醫(yī)生逝世后，毛澤東寫了一篇紀(jì)念他的文章，他在文章中稱贊白求恩醫(yī)生在中國(guó)是值得銘記的英雄。

After Dr.Berthune’s death,Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article ________________________ him,in which he __________ Dr.Berthune ____________ to be remembered in China.

8.阿爾伯特?愛(ài)因斯坦，他也許是現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)中最偉大的科學(xué)家，通常被認(rèn)為是有史以來(lái)最聰明的人之一。

Albert Einstein,___________________________in modern physics,____________________________one of the smartest men who ever lived.

9.愛(ài)因斯坦不僅是一個(gè)天才，還是一個(gè)勇敢且善良的人，受到許多人的愛(ài)戴。

Einstein was not only___________________ ;he was a _____________________________________ .

10.在公眾眼中，他看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)古怪，但很善良，也很有趣。

To the public,______________________________________________________________________ .

第二部分：主題語(yǔ)境綜合能力提升篇

一、閱讀真題

While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts,many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.

Their efforts have been proven fruitful.Wang Shu，a 49-year-old Chinese architect,won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture—on February 28.He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.

Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA).His office is located at the Xiangshan campus（校 園) of the university in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province.Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.

The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.The curves(曲線) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills,forming a unique view.

Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages.He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls,roofs and corridors.This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素).

Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.Through such a balance,he had created a new type of Chinese architecture,said Tadao Ando,the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.

Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.“That is only evidence that traditions once existed,”he said.

“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions.They think tradition means old things from the past.In fact,tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created,”he said.

“Today,many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions.Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are,”said Wang.

The study of traditions should be combined with practice.Otherwise,the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty,he said.

1.Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are ___________.

A.following the latest world trend

B.getting international recognition

C.working harder than ever before

D.relying on foreign architects

2.What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?

A.Its hilly environment.

B.Its large size.

C.Its unique style.

D.Its diverse functions.

3.What made Wang’s architectural design a success?

A.The mixture of different shapes.

B.The balance of East and West.

C.The use of popular techniques.

D.The harmony of old and new.

4.What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?

A.Spread them to the world.

B.Preserve them at museums.

C.Teach them in universities.

D.Recreate them in practice.

二、語(yǔ)法填空真題

A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___1___（be）Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，___2___ she opened with her late husband Les.Her years of hard work have ___3__（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.

Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene____4___（declare）she had no plans ___5_（retire）from her 36-year-old business.Irene said，“I don’t see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___6_（make）over the years.I work not because I have to,___7___ because I want to.”

Granddaughter Gayle Parks,31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award.She said，“We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward.When we got a call ___8___（say）she was short-listed，we thought it was ___9___ joke.But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.We are so proud of her.It’s ___10___ (wonder）.”

三、主題語(yǔ)境寫作

（2020 年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）你校正在組織英語(yǔ)作文比賽。請(qǐng)以身邊值得尊敬和愛(ài)戴的人為題，寫一篇短文參賽，內(nèi)容包括：

1.人物簡(jiǎn)介；

2.尊敬和愛(ài)戴的原因。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100 左右；

2.短文題目和首句已為你寫好。

The person I respect

There are many respectable people around us.___

___________________________________________

___________________________________________

___________________________________________

___________________________________________

第三部分：高考真題二次開(kāi)發(fā)

2018 年全國(guó)Ⅲ卷閱讀C 篇

一、主題詞匯過(guò)關(guān)翻譯

1.fruitful________

2.landmark________

3.tower________

4.architect________

5.architecture________

6.brick________

7.technique________

8.mixture________

9.work________

10.create________

11.combine________

12.recreation________

13.artificial________

14.seal________

15.make great efforts to do...________

16.serve as...________

17.be located at ...________

18.be amazed by...________

19.rise and fall________

20.form a unique view________

21.attract a lot of attention________

22.thanks to...________

23.refer to...________

24.rather than...________

25.focus on...________

26.be combined with...________

二、熟詞生義語(yǔ)境中辨析。(寫出畫線部分的語(yǔ)境之義)

1.While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts,many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.（ ）

2.Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA).（ ）

3.The curves (曲線) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills,forming a unique view.（ ）

三、單句語(yǔ)法填空

1.His office is located at the Xiangshan campus(校園) of the university in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province.Many buildings on the campus are his ___________(origin) creations.

2.The curves(曲線) of the buildings__________(perfect) match the rise and fall of hills,forming a unique view.

3.He asked the workers to use_______ (tradition)techniques to make the bricks into walls,roofs and corridors.

4.“Through such _______ balance,he had created a new type of Chinese architecture,”said Tadao Ando,the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.

5.Wang Shu，a 49-year-old Chinese architect,won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize,_______ is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture —on February 28.

6.Wang collected more than 7 million ________(abandon) bricks of different ages.

7.Wang’s works show a deep _____(understand)of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.

8.This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to __________(it) mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素).

四、長(zhǎng)難句分析與翻譯

In fact,tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created.

分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。and 連接的兩個(gè)that從句是并列的____從句，修飾先行詞the things。

譯文：______________________________。

五、用所給的詞或詞塊翻譯句子

1.鐘南山醫(yī)生一直在努力地專注于新冠的治療（make great efforts to ;focus on;treatment)

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.他被認(rèn)為是中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)界最偉大的醫(yī)生之一。（be referred to as ...)

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.多虧了他的講解，人們對(duì)新冠有了更深的理解和更好的了解。（thanks to...;explanation;have a deep understanding;have a good knowledge of...)

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.他說(shuō)他們已經(jīng)取得了豐碩的成果。（fruitful)

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5.他相信如果我們把決心和實(shí)際行動(dòng)結(jié)合起來(lái)，總有一天，我們會(huì)贏得這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)役。(be combined with;win)

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

六、用適當(dāng)?shù)某薪釉~，將以上句子形成篇章

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