2023年高考熱門主題語境7：做人與處事

四川 蔣建平

一、素材積累

Ⅰ. 核心單詞

1. modest adj. 謙虛的；謙遜的modesty n. 謙虛；謙遜

2. low-key adj. 低調(diào)的

3. generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的generosity n. 慷慨

4. apologize vi. 道歉；謝罪apology n. 道歉；致歉

5. bear vt. 承受；承擔(dān)責(zé)任；忍受

6. beg vt. & vi. 請求；乞求；乞討

7. bow vi. & n. 鞠躬；低（頭）

8. calm adj. 鎮(zhèn)靜；沉著的vt. 使鎮(zhèn)靜；使平靜

9. caution n. 謹(jǐn)慎；小心；警告cautious adj. 小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的

10. devote vt. 獻(xiàn)身；把……專用（于）devotion n. 奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠

11. honest adj. 誠實的；正直的

12. mercy n. 仁慈merciful adj. 仁慈的；寬大的

13. patient adj. 有耐心的；能忍耐的patience n. 恒心；耐心

14. sacrifice n. 犧牲；舍棄；祭品vt. 犧牲；獻(xiàn)出

15. virtue n. 美德；優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)

16. dignity n. 尊貴；高尚

17. grateful adj. 感激的

18. plain adj. 樸素的；簡單的plainly adv. 明白地；坦率地

19. concern n. 擔(dān)心；關(guān)愛vt.涉及；讓（某人）擔(dān)憂；對……感興趣concerned adj. 憂慮的；關(guān)注的

Ⅱ. 高頻短語

1. feel wronged 覺得委屈

2. make much of 重視；認(rèn)為很重要

3. observe public order 遵守公共秩序

4. keep pace with the times 與時俱進(jìn)

5. be devoted to 投身于……

6. make contributions to 對……做出奉獻(xiàn)

7. care about 擔(dān)心；關(guān)心

8. put up with 容忍；忍受

9. tend to do sth 往往會做某事；傾向于做某事

10. make it a point of doing sth （因重要或必要）保證做某事

11. worry about 擔(dān)心；擔(dān)憂

12. carry sb through sth 幫助某人渡過難關(guān)

13. assist sb to do/in doing sth 幫助某人做某事

14. long for sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事

15. have an optimistic attitude towards對……保持樂觀的態(tài)度

16. be moved to tears 感動得流淚

Ⅲ. 靚句積累

1. that引導(dǎo)同位語從句

His charming personality lies in a simple fact that he never hesitates to help others. 他的人格魅力在于一個簡單的事實：對幫助別人，他從不猶豫。

2. only放在句首修飾狀語，句子要部分倒裝

Only through persistent pursuit can we be able to make progress and development. 只有通過堅持不懈的追求，我們才能夠取得進(jìn)步和發(fā)展。

3. whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句

Whatever you are after, if you are too focused on the end result, you may miss the rewarding journey that will ultimately get you there. 無論你追求的是什么，如果你太專注于最終的結(jié)果，你可能會錯過最終將你帶到那里的有益旅程。

二、續(xù)寫金句

1. Virtually nothing is impossible in this world if you just put your mind to it and maintain a positive attitude. 如果你把心思放在某件事上并保持積極的態(tài)度，那么在這個世界上幾乎沒有什么是不可能的。

2. Don't hate the mistakes of fate,don't be afraid of the bumps of the journey, go forward to your dreams, and don't regret even if you are wrong. 不要怨恨命運的錯誤，不要害怕旅途的坎坷，向著夢想前進(jìn)，即使錯了也不要后悔。

3. I can't care for so much gossip. I can only have beautiful scenery, many opportunities and short life, and don't curl up in a small shadow. 我顧不了那么多的閑言碎語，我只能擁有美麗的風(fēng)景、眾多的機(jī)遇，人生很短，不要蜷縮在一小塊陰影里。

4. My mission in life is not merely to survive, but to thrive; and to do so with some passion, some compassion, some humour, and some style. 我的人生使命不僅僅是為了生存，而是為了茁壯成長；并以一些激情、一些同情心、一些幽默和一些風(fēng)格來做到這一點。

5. It doesn't matter how many times you fail. What matters is how many times you stand up and try again. 失敗多少次不重要，重要的是你能重新站起來多少次，并且再次嘗試。

三、主題測評

Ⅰ. 閱讀理解

體裁：議論文 篇幅：343詞

建議用時：7分鐘 來源：改編

新穎度：★★★★

素養(yǎng)視角：坦誠地表達(dá)自己

In the late 1960s, the anthropologist(人類學(xué)家) Edmund Carpenter arrived in New Guinea armed with mirrors, videos and Polaroid cameras, and a mission: to disrupt (擾亂) the minds of members of the Biami tribe, who had never seen full reflections or images of themselves. “After their first astonished response—covering their mouths and ducking their heads—they stood frozen, staring at their images,”said Carpenter. Carpenter's devices disturb that inner image, causing discomfort, but not for long. Within days, the villagers groomed themselves openly before mirrors and began taking Polaroid shots of each other.

It's unclear if the people of Biami were really as unfamiliar with mirrors as Carpenter thought. But in any case, what's striking isn't how strange their reaction seems, but how their reaction is related.Do you know how it feels when you make a pleasant remark in a lift, but nobody responds? Or when two people greeting each other misjudge whether to go for a handshake, a hug or a social kiss? That's the same awkwardness—“self-consciousness tinged with uncertainty”, as Melissa Dahl defines it. Suddenly, I see I'm viewed not as a friendly conversationalist, but as a strange person who talks in the lift.

As awkwardness feels unpleasant, it's natural to want to overcome it. Dahl's initial motivation for writing her book Cringeworthy: A Theory of Awkwardness, was to get over her own awkwardness. But after a journey through various awkward experiences, she made a persuasive case for celebrating it. We live in an era with more opportunities than ever to improve the image we're presenting, and more pressure than ever to do so. But awkwardness breaks that false appearance, exposing the imperfect life behind it. It creates a strange kind of social bond—how much in common we have when seeing that behind the disguise(偽裝)—we're all just trying our best to seem perfect.

The awkward you, then, are the real you, the one without the defensive performance. Dahl even indicates that taking a friendlier attitude toward awkwardness might help us make the connections with people holding different opinions.

1. How did the people of Biami feel when they first saw themselves in the mirror?

A. Ashamed of their appearance.

B. Shocked at their reflections.

C. Satisfied with their images.

D. Curious about their looks.

2. Which of the following awkwardness is“self-consciousness tinged with uncertainty”?

A. You slip over just to the face of the girl in your dream.

B. You are caught cheating but get nothing in an exam.

C. You are found standing in public with your trousers' zip open.

D. You're refused when offering your seat to a seemingly pregnant woman.

3. What causes you to feel embarrassed from time to time according to the text?

A. Lacking courage to face some problems.

B. Avoiding pressure from others.

C. Not knowing anything novel.

D. Seeking perfection.

4. What should you do to solve your awkwardness according to the text?

A. Express yourself honestly with no defensive cover.

B. Get ready to guard against any threat from others.

C. Connect with your friends regularly.

D. Treat others in a friendly way.

Ⅱ. 補(bǔ)全信息

體裁：說明文 篇幅：274詞

建議用時：6分鐘 來源：改編

新穎度：★★★★

素養(yǎng)視角：保持樂觀的好處與方法

Learned optimism is about developing the ability to view the world from a positive point of view. 1 According to research, people who were more optimistic at age 25 were much healthier later between the ages of 45 and 60 than the pessimistic （悲觀的） people. Optimistic people tend to live longer. 2 When trying to lose weight, for example, optimists are more likely to focus on positive changes,which will help them reach their goals.

According to research, in addition to being partly hereditary （遺傳的）,optimism levels are also influenced by childhood experiences. Research suggests that it may be beneficial to teach kids optimism skills late enough in childhood, but before the arrival of puberty （青春期）. 3 Teaching children such skills at their young ages might help them avoid psychological problems.

4 Now let's use an example to show it: Imagine that you recently started a new exercise plan but you're having trouble sticking with it. Then write down the thoughts running through your mind.You might think things like “Maybe I'm not strong enough to reach my goals”. Meanwhile, ask yourself, “Did such beliefs result in positive actions, or prevent me reaching my goals?” Then you may quickly realize that the negative beliefs make it more difficult to stick with your workout plan. 5 And in this way, you'll be left feeling more motivated.

A. There is an effective approach to becoming optimistic.

B. There are many benefits of becoming an optimistic person.

C. They don't let it influence their beliefs about their abilities in other areas.

D. Optimists, on the other hand, expect that good things will happen to them.

E. Next, try to consider all of the times when you did successfully finish your workout.

F. This is because kids have skills to think about their own thoughts during this period.

G. Additionally,optimism can also help you maintain motivation when pursuing goals.

Ⅲ. 書面表達(dá)

在高中畢業(yè)典禮上，你想做一次感恩演講，感謝你的英語老師Mr Li三年來的付出。請根據(jù)以下要點寫一篇演講稿。

1. 感恩的具體事例；

2. 給你帶來的積極影響；

3. 你的祝福。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)80左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________