Module 2 Trafic Jam

跟蹤導練（一）

閱讀理解

Getting stuck in a traffic jam is one of the most boring problems for people living in big cities. The fact that you're moving so slowly leads to stress， anger and the wish that your car could just fly over the traffic like an airplane.

Soon， however， that wish could come true. On May 8， US car-renting company Uber showed off what it described as “the transportation mode of the future： on-demand air transport，” reported

ABC News.

According to Nikhill Goel， head of products for Uber Air， the company's air taxi service may launch （推出） test flights in the US cities of Dallas and Los Angeles， as well as Dubai in the United Arab Emirates. If everything goes according to plan， passengers will be able to fly to work by 2023.

“When the Olympics comes to Los Angeles in 2028. Uber expects to have hundreds， if not thousands， of its aircraft in the skies，” Goel told Newsweek.

So what would Uber's flying vehicles be like？

They are small， electric aircraft that take off and land vertically， and they give off zero emissions （零排放） and are quiet enough to operate in cities.

Just like an airplane， the vehicles will have fixed wings to help them glide. But while a helicopter has just one big fixed rotor （旋翼）， Uber's vehicles will have multiple rotors， which will help increase fuel efficiency while reducing emissions and noise.

“Because of these fixed wings and multiple rotors. Uber's flying taxis should be quieter and safer than a helicopter，” reported ABC News.

However， the service still has a long way to go before it's ready to accept passengers. For example， to avoid any potential （潛在的） accidents， Uber is working with NASA to study air traffic control problems associated with low-flying aircraft. But just as Dubai's Mayor Betty Price said in a news release， “This program is revolutionary and future-oriented.”

1. When do Uber's flying taxis are expected to take passengers？

A. In 2020.? B. In 2023.? C. In 2028.? D. In 2030.

2. How are Uber's flying taxis different from helicopters？

A. They have one big rotor.?? B. They need more fuel to fly.

C. They have fewer fixed wings.? D. They will be quieter and safer.

3. Which is true about the flying cars according to the text？

A. They can be as efficient as airplanes.

B. They will do almost no harm to the environment.

C. They will surely help passengers avoid accidents.

D. They are easier to take off and land than helicopters.

4. What is the text mainly about？

A. Uber's plan to launch flying taxis.

B. The advantages of Uber's flying taxis.

C. Different opinions about Uber's flying taxis.

D. The difficulties Uber is facing in testing flying vehicles.

閱讀七選五

The beauty of confidence is that it is possible to learn it， no matter who you are！ Follow these simple steps to be confident.

Consider your strengths and success.1 When did you help others？ What are you good at？ When have you taken pride in yourselves？ What are you working hard for？ If you have difficulty thinking of your strengths and success， ask your family members or close friends.

Have goals. Sitting around and doing nothing will make you feel worse. Start with a small goal.2 You'll get more confidence by achieving a small goal. Once you've achieved many smaller goals， you can set bigger goals.

3 Failure is the mother of success. When you fail， view it as a learning experience. Often we have to fail on our own to gain experience. By failing， you have at least taken a chance.

Pick a role model. Pick a role model that is always confident and always learn from them. Study their action， their manners and how they communicate with others.4 However， it's a great place to start.

Smile. Confident people smile often， and without much reason.5 It tells the people around you that you're comfortable in yourself and enjoying your time.

A. Try new things.

B. Ability is easily improved.

C. Make three or four instead.

D. Understand your food better.

E. Cooking is a burden for many people.

F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.

G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.

1.2.3.4.5.

跟蹤導練（二）

完形填空

My father was born in a small town in the US. He wasn't sure what he wanted from 1 ， but something told him to 2 and begin a new adventure.

He began that adventure traveling to cities in the US before going on to Australia， New Zealand and the Philippines. He took us with him and went wherever the road 3 him.

It's easy to feel 4 when you're on the road. We made lots of new friends on our trip， since we often 5 hours in repair shops. But that was a way much 6 than sitting by the roadside while waiting for the engine to 7 when it was 40℃ outside.

Getting along well sometimes seemed 8. There were always a lot of 9 ， especially among us back seat passengers about who had to 10 in the middle. But even if it was hard， we learned a lot about 11. One day， we spent nearly three hours driving to Quezon City thanks to bad roads and 12 traffic. After we arrived there， we found that we forgot to bring our 13. That was how a three-hour car trip turned into a seven-hour one， which was mostly spent in 14.

On occasions like that， we had to learn to let go of our anger because we were 15 in a rolling box with the same people for the rest of the 16. Even if I sometimes felt like opening the car door and 17 one of my sisters out， I kept my feelings to myself.

This is why road trips were like 18 universities to us. We 19 our PhDs in how to get along with other people just by traveling in our old car.

If we were somehow 20 a second chance in life， we would do it all over again.

1. A. move? B. life??? C. experience? D. belief

2. A. give up? B. dream about? C. get out?? D. walk around

3. A. took?? B. drove?? C. served?? D. controlled

4. A. anxious? B. upset?? C. helpless?? D. lonely

5. A. wasted? B. worked?? C. spent?? D. chatted

6. A. better? B. easier?? C. safer ??D. cleverer

7. A. break down? B. cool off?? C. clear up?? D. turn over

8. A. available? B. alternative? C. necessary? D. impossible

9. A. arguments? B. fights?? C. embarrassments? D. amusements

10. A. settle? B. rest??? C. sit??? D. watch

11. A. sharing ?B. respect?? C. communication? D. patience

12. A. light? B. heavy?? C. local?? D. fast

13. A. money? B. clothes?? C. food?? D. suitcases

14. A. silence? B. enjoyment? C. panic?? D. disappointment

15. A. buried? B. crazy?? C. stuck?? D. impatient

16. A. holiday? B. journey?? C. exploration? D. march

17. A. dragging? B. pushing?? C. helping?? D. sending

18. A. unusual? B. common?? C. free??? D. mobile

19. A. earned? B. expected?? C. missed?? D. valued

20. A. lost? B. chosen?? C. given?? D. predicted

跟蹤導練（三）

閱讀理解

A

Some people think they have an answer to the troubles of traffic jams and air pollution in large cities. Their answer is the bicycle， or bike.

In a great many cities， hundreds of people ride bicycles to work every day. In New York City， some bike riders have even formed a group called Bike for a Better City. They claim that if more people rode bicycles to work， there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city and therefore less dirty air from car engines.

For several years this group has been trying to get the city government to help bike riders. For example， they want the city to draw special lanes for bicycles only on some of the main streets， because when bike riders must use the same lanes as cars， there may be accidents. Bike for a Better City feels that if there were special lanes， more people would use bikes.

But no bicycle lanes have been drawn yet. Not everyone thinks it is a good idea. Taxi drivers say it will slow traffic. Some store owners on the main streets say that if there is less traffic， they will have less business. And most people live too far from downtown to travel by bike.

The city government has not yet decided what to do. It wants to keep everyone happy. Only on weekends， Central Park， the largest open place in New York， is closed to cars， and the roads may be used by bicycles only. But Bike for a Better City says that is not enough and keeps fighting to get bicycle lanes downtown.

1. What may Bike for a Better City be？

A. A party.? B. A company. C. A person.? D. An organization.

2. Who strongly prefer the idea of special bicycle lanes？

A. Some bike riders.??? B. Some store owners.

C. The city government.?? D. People living far from downtown.

3. Why are there no bicycle lanes in New York City？

A. The city government is too busy to do it.

B. Most people prefer to travel by car.

C. People have different ideas about it.

D. The main streets are narrow.

4. When is Central Park in New York closed to cars？

A. On Saturdays and Sundays.?? B. In the afternoons.

C. On weekdays.???? D. In holidays.

B

Carmakers now allow drivers to make phone calls， use email， and text， etc. Cars used to have a few buttons. Some cars now have as many as 50 buttons.

“It's adding complex information at drivers' fingertips without often considering whether it's a good idea to put it at their fingertips，” University of Utah professor David Strayer said. That complexity increases the time drivers spend trying to use the systems.

“The systems are developed to be used in the driving environment and require drivers' attention that is comparable to turning on the radio， which has always been considered acceptable behavior while driving，” said Wade Newton， a spokesman for the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers.

But Jake Nelson， AAA's director for traffic safety research， said drivers testing all 30 of the 2017 model year cars took their eyes off the road and hands off the wheel while using the systems. The test drivers touch screens and other technologies to make calls， send texts， turn on the radio， or program navigation （導航） all while driving.

Researchers said 23 of the 30 cars were considered “very high” or “high” in terms of the attention they required from drivers. It takes drivers about 40 seconds to program navigation systems. Research made before has shown that drivers who took their eyes from the road for just two seconds double their risk of a crash.

In 2012， the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration made voluntary safety guidelines to carmakers. The guidelines suggest that automakers lock out the ability to program navigation systems while a car is moving. However， the ability to program navigation while driving was allowed in 12 cars in the study. The guidelines also suggest carmakers prevent drivers from texting while driving， but three-quarters of the cars tested allow drivers to text while the car is moving.

5. How did David Strayer feel about the systems？

A. Interested. B. Excited.? C. Worried.? D. Dissatisfied.

6. What did Wade Newton say about the systems？

A. They were good choices for drivers. B. They couldn't be used while driving.

C. They were unacceptable to the public. D. They were mainly used for navigation.

7. What may agree with Jake Nelson's idea about the systems？

A. They saved drivers a lot of time.? B. They were risky but worthwhile.

C. They were quick and easy to use.? D. They increased the risk of accidents.

8. What can we infer about voluntary safety guidelines？

A. They are quite welcome.?? B. They are not properly made.

C. They are not strictly followed.? D. They are very helpful to drivers.

跟蹤導練（四）

完形填空

The young woman entered the pool where an injured dolphin was swimming. Despite her fear， she felt strong wearing her new leg.

In her second grade， Mia 1 her cousin， Jasmine. After Jasmine's death， Mia swore （發(fā)誓） she would honor the little girl by 2 with a dolphin， an animal that both girls 3.“Jasmine never got the chance to do it.” says Mia， now 32， “so I 4 that someday I'd do it for her.”

In high school， Mia was 5 about sports. She even planned to become an athlete.6 ， in 1993， during the civil war in her home country， a bomb 7 her left leg.

After two years' treatment in the US， Mia 8 her first artificial （人造的） leg. But because it didn't fit well， 9 for Mia was very painful. However， she 10 to graduate from a local high school. Then after receiving a 11 from Saint Francis University， she got a job at an insurance firm and 12 started her own company.

To relax， Mia would often watch the 13 play at an aquarium （水族館） near her home. A young dolphin， Winter， who had lost its tail， caught her 14. One day， Mia happened to see trainers fitting Winter with a high-tech 15. When they were done， Winter swam freely in the water. Mia was 16. She managed to find the inventors of Winter's tail. Within ten days， she had a new leg which freed her of the 17 that had troubled her for almost 16 years.

Now， Mia was ready to keep her 18. She went to the aquarium， lowered herself into the pool and held out a hand to Winter， who approached 19 ， then swam away. After a few minutes， the dolphin let Mia 20 its back. Finally， the two began to swim around the pool together.

1. A. met?? B. helped?? C. rescued?? D. lost

2. A. talking? B. living?? C. swimming? D. sliding

3. A. loved? B. adopted?? C. owned?? D. bought

4. A. evaluated? B. decided?? C. recognized? D. commented

5. A. positive? B. enthusiastic? C. particular?? D. curious

6. A. Undoubtedly? B. Surprisingly? C. Strangely? D. Unfortunately

7. A. blew off? B. cut off?? C. wiped out? D. cut out

8. A. seized? B. missed?? C. received?? D. sought

9. A. running? B. walking?? C. working?? D. studying

10. A. refused? B. prepared?? C. wanted?? D. managed

11. A. bill?? B. degree?? C. award?? D. souvenir

12. A. roughly? B. actually?? C. eventually? D. officially

13. A. dolphins? B. fishes?? C. whales?? D. turtles

14. A. attention? B. breath?? C. expression? D. heart

15. A. eye?? B. nose??? C. leg??? D. tail

16. A. inspired? B. concerned? C. upset?? D. embarrassed

17. A. block? B. difficulty?? C. pain??? D. responsibility

18. A. appointment? B. promise?? C. reservation? D. silence

19. A. blindly? B. angrily?? C. gracefully?? D. carefully

20. A. push? B. kiss??? C. touch?? D. see

跟蹤導練（五）

閱讀理解

Luggage-free travel， boarding queues and self-flying planes will be common for travelers in 20 years' time. You'll even be able to go on holiday without leaving your sofa. The bold predictions have been made by futurologist and author Ray Hammond， who is based in the UK.

According to Hammond's predictions published in the Future Travel Report by Allianz Insurance， it's likely that tourist will be flying to and from the moon regularly by 2040. What's more， passports could disappear， as airports move more and more into the land of facial pattern recognition （人臉識別） systems at check-in gates. Computer systems that can scan your face and check you into your flight will be standard in 20 years， the report notes.

Hammond bets that planes will be flying themselves in 2040. No pilots and no supervision. It'll play well for the special routes of plane travel-extra-long flights， which have raised concerns about the aircraft staffs tiredness.“Are you nervous at the thought of a plane under its own control？ You'll be calmer by the time you step aboard，” Hammond says.“We'll already be used to self-drivingcars.”

By 2040， we'll have the ability to send our clothing measurements to our hotel ahead of our arrival， where they'll have a 3D printer ready to print out our clothing. And when we check out， our clothes will be shipping off for recycling.

Virtual （虛擬的） reality will be so advanced within 20 years that it'll allow us to experience other countries and destinations without stepping foot outside our door. However， it won't kill the real-life tourism industry—instead， it's expected to give it an even bigger improvement.

1. What did Ray Hammond say about traveling by self-flying plane？

A. Boring.? B. Challenging. C. Relaxing.? D. Frightening.

2. What is possible by 2040 according to Ray Hammond？

A. Having no need to book trips.? B. Traveling with anyone as you please.

C. Flying to the moon and back regularly. D. Enjoying virtual reality only in museums.

3. How will the advanced 3D technology affect tourism？

A. It makes it easier for tourists to book tickets.

B. It makes clothes easily available to tourists.

C. It makes recycling more common in tourism.

D. It makes it possible to travel without passports.

4. What can be the best title for the text？

A. Predictions on Travel by 2040? B. Changes of the Means of Traveling

C. Possible Changes About Life in 2040 D. The Bright Future of the Tour Industry

選詞填空

用方框里單詞的正確形式填空，使其句意完整。有兩個詞是多余的。

blow fare convenient crash impress solve

limit provide connect display react permit

1. She drove away the car without .

2. This is the most? museum I've seen on the trip.

3. These cartoon books? for the children in need.

4. What's the? between the two ideas？

5. He could hardly afford the bus .

6. The wind? hard now， so it will become cold.

7. What was his? to the news？

8. The plane didn't give out signals for help before .

9. The seating on the bus? to 30.

10. The? to the problem proved more difficult than we had predicted.

語法填空

Moving around Bogota can be a bit of an extreme experience. On the one hand， this city has a bad reputation for having the world's 1（bad） traffic. Yet， on the other， its cycling infrastructure 2（consider） a model of sustainable urban traffic. This city even has a special movement called Ciclovia， 3（encourage）15 million people to bike for 128 km on car-free street each Sunday morning . Carlos Pardo， 4 local cycling supporter at the New Urban Traffic Union says， “Everyone starts using a bicycle because we have this bike culture thanks to the Ciclovia.” Biking has regained 5（popular） around the world as urban residents avoid using public transport ever since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic. Now， many supporters are working with the local government with the hope of turning these pandemic response measures 6 lasting changes， which will 7（dramatic） change the way people travel across cities.

Next 8（come） the question of how government can keep citizens cycling to work once the pandemic passes. Local authorities need 9（improve） the bike networks， ensuring that they are well maintained even in poor weather. Plus， they can carry out simple policies 10 can encourage cycling， including cutting down tax， reducing healthcare costs or offering workers compensation packages that include benefits for bike riders.

1.? 2.? 3.? 4.? 5.

6.? 7.? 8.? 9.? 10.

跟蹤導練（六）

短文改錯

One Saturday morning， I suddenly noticed my room is a complete mess， what really annoyed me. I realized too many useful things took up a lot of space. So I decided to throw it away and do some cleaning. It took me a whole day get all the works done. Finally the room was tidy again and everything was in the order.

This is also truly for life： we add more and more to our life， hoped to get a better life. But sometimes the more we add， the bad our life becomes. After all， sometimes less is more.

書面表達

假設你是李華。你所居住的小區(qū)里車輛亂停亂放現(xiàn)象很嚴重。請你給小區(qū)負責人Mr Smith寫一封信反映這個問題。內(nèi)容包括：

1.分析原因;

2.你的建議。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右;

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Unique Modes of Transportation

獨特的交通方式

Venice—Traghetto 威尼斯擺渡船

There are just three bridges along the 3.5 km stretch of Venice's Grand Canal， so how do you get across？ By Traghetto （meaning “ferry” in Italian）， of course. The unglamorous sibling of the gondola， these no-frills boats get passengers from one side of the canal to the other for a meagre fee. You can pick up a Traghetto from any of the seven piers along the canal—just look for the yellow signs pointing you towards the landings. Each boat is rowed by two oarsmen—one at the bow and the other behind the passengers， as in a gondola—if you want to ride like a Venetian， you should stand for the short journey.

總長約3.5千米的威尼斯大運河上，一共只有三座橋梁，那你要怎么過河呢？當然是坐Traghetto（意大利語“渡船”）啦。這種擺渡船和著名的貢多拉很像，但是沒貢多拉那么精致迷人。這些無裝飾的船只將乘客從運河的一邊送到另一邊，只收取很少的費用。你可以在運河沿岸七個碼頭中的任意一個搭乘Traghetto——會有一些黃色指示牌指示你在哪里登船，只要找到它們即可。每艘船有兩個槳手，像貢多拉一樣，一個在船頭，另一個在所有乘客身后。如果你想像威尼斯人一樣出行，那就忍受一下這趟短途旅程吧。

Cambodia—Bamboo Train 柬埔寨竹火車

Those with a strong constitution may want to ride a Cambodian bamboo train— known locally as a Nori . Passengers sit on a makeshift bamboo “train”（basically just a bamboo platform） powered by an electric generator engine， travelling at up to 40 km/h. The unmaintained railway tracks make for a bumpy ride and the closest you'll get to luxury is sitting on a grass mat. But the fares are low and this is a once in a lifetime experience， as all the locals use them for getting around.

體格強壯的人也許想要試試坐柬埔寨竹火車——也被當?shù)厝朔Q作Nori。乘客坐在一個臨時搭建的用發(fā)電機引擎供電的竹火車上（基本就是一個竹子做的平臺），以每小時至多40千米的速度行駛。無人維護的鐵路軌道讓旅途顛簸不平，而鋪上一張草墊子再坐在上面已經(jīng)是最奢侈的方式了。竹火車的票價很低，而且可算是一次人生難得的體驗，當?shù)厝硕际褂盟鼈兂鲂小?/p>