Godwit breaks world record 黑尾鷸刷新鳥類飛行紀(jì)錄

劉同功

黑尾鷸是一種耐力極強(qiáng)的鳥，以不吃不喝且不停歇地長(zhǎng)距離飛行而著稱。這種鳥創(chuàng)下了不停歇地從阿拉斯加飛到新西蘭的世界鳥類遷徙紀(jì)錄，飛行距離長(zhǎng)達(dá)12，000千米。

1?Every?time?you?see?a?bird，?there?is?a?chance?that?you?may?be?looking?at?the?greatest?marathon?athlete?in?the?world，?particularly?if?you?live?in?the?US?state?of?Alaska?in?late?summer，?and?happen?upon?a?bar?tailed?godwit?（黑尾鷸）.

2?These?little?birds?were?recently?found?to?travel?7，500?miles?（12，000?kilometers）?in?a?non?stop?flight?of?11?days?from?Alaska?to?the?Firth?of?Thames?near?Auckland，?New?Zealand.?It?s?not?the?longest?migration?ever—that?title?goes?to?the?Arctic?tern?（燕鷗）?which?goes?from?the?Arctic?to?the?Antarctic?along?the?west?coast?of?North?and?South?America—or?straight?down?the?Atlantic?every?year?for?a?total?of?around?14，000?kilometers.?However，?it?is?the?longest?non?stop?flight?known?to?scientists.

3?Unlike?the?tern，?the?godwit?weighs?a?much?heavier?one?fifth?to?four?fifths?of?a?pound，?and?relies?on?a?muscular?build?much?like?a?modern?jet?with?narrow?pointed?wings?and?a?smooth?body?to?reduce?air?drag.?Despite?these?advantages?which?allow?it?to?flap?its?wings?nearly?uninterruptedly?for?the?entire?journey，?how?can?a?small?bird?that?lives?for?a?few?years?navigate?for?days?over?nothing?but?empty?ocean?to?arrive?in?New?Zealand？

4?Some?scientists?have?shown?birds?use?the?sun?as?orientation，?but?there?is?also?evidence?of?migration?as?a?learned?skill—one?study?showing?that?adult?raptors?（猛）?were?better?at?course?correcting?for?wind?than?juveniles，?suggesting?that?experience?comes?into?play.?Another?thought?is?that?some?birds?may?use?electromagnetic?sensory?equipment?that?allows?them?to?“see”?the?magnetic?field?in?a?way?that?humans?cannot.

5?Even?with?the?help?of?a?magnetic?compass，?the?record?breaking?bar?tailed?godwit，?known?as?4?BBRW，?departed?from?Alaska?and?passed?over?the?Aleutian?Islands?in?a?224?hour?flight?without?sleep?over?open?ocean?and?with?no?land?markers?to?use?as?visual?guidance.?At?one?point?he?faced?winds?that?blew?so?hard?that?he?was?being?blown?off?course?towards?Australia.?Amazingly，?he?managed?to?correct?his?flight?path.

Choose?the?best?answers?according?to?the?text

Detail?1.?What?can?we?know?about?the?godwit？

A.?It?lives?in?Alaska?state?all?year?round.

B.?It?flies?the?longest?distance?during?migration.

C.?It?holds?the?record?for?the?longest?non?stop?flight.

D.?It?migrates?along?the?west?coast?of?North?America.

Detail?2.?What?s?;the?Arctic?tern?s?advantage?over?the?godwit?in?flying？

A.?It?has?a?lighter?body?weight.

B.?It?s?shaped?like?a?modern?jet.

C.?It?has?narrower?pointed?wings.

D.?It?is?better?at?adjusting?its?flying?path.

Gist?????3.?What?s?the?author?s?purpose?in?writing?Para.?4？

A.?To?give?examples.?B.?To?analyze?causes.

C.?To?describe?details.?D.?To?make?comparisons.

Detail?4.?Which?of?the?following?can?best?describe?the?godwit?s?migration？

A.?Surprising.?B.?Cooperative.

C.?Well?prepared.?D.?Vision?depending.

Ⅰ.?Analyze?some?difficult?sentences?in?the?text

1.?Unlike?the?tern，?the?godwit?weighs?a?much?heavier?one?fifth?to?four?fifths?of?a?pound，?and?relies?on?a?muscular?build?much?like?a?modern?jet?with?narrow?pointed?wings?and?a?smooth?body?to?reduce?air?drag.?與北極燕鷗相比，黑尾鷸的體重要比燕鷗重五分之一到五分之四磅，它的飛行依賴于與現(xiàn)代噴氣式飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)相似的肌肉結(jié)構(gòu)，尖銳的翅膀和平滑的身體曲線大大減少了空氣阻力。

【點(diǎn)石成金】本句中and連接兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)，with結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語(yǔ)。

2.?Another?thought?is?that?some?birds?may?use?electromagnetic?sensory?equipment?that?allows?them?to?“see”?the?magnetic?field?in?a?way?that?humans?cannot.?還有一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，一些鳥類可能會(huì)使用電磁感應(yīng)設(shè)備，這種功能可以讓鳥“看到”人類不能看到的磁場(chǎng)。

【點(diǎn)石成金】本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句，第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，該從句的先行詞是equipment。