東錢湖教育論壇大師創(chuàng)作室

對于建筑學(xué)而言，“技藝”應(yīng)該具有更全面的含義，即不僅是“技術(shù)”與“藝術(shù)”的結(jié)合，而且應(yīng)該理解為恰當應(yīng)對和處理一切建筑學(xué)基本問題的一門“技藝”。在這里，我們或許可以區(qū)別建筑學(xué)問題和建筑學(xué)基本問題。建筑學(xué)問題涉及建筑學(xué)的外延和學(xué)科拓展，隨著社會發(fā)展和時代條件不斷發(fā)生變化，新的議題加入進來（比如國內(nèi)建筑學(xué)科承接的各類縱向和橫向研究課題），跨學(xué)科領(lǐng)域也隨時可能出現(xiàn)，當然這其中也不乏曇花一現(xiàn)的情況。相比之下，建筑學(xué)基本問題則相對恒定，屬于建筑學(xué)的內(nèi)涵和學(xué)科核心，盡管這些建筑學(xué)基本問題本身的屬性以及人們對它們的理解也處在改變之中?！凹夹g(shù)”無疑屬于建筑學(xué)基本問題之一，類似的建筑學(xué)基本問題還有“建造”“材料”“表面”“語言”“形式”“尺度”“體量”“空間”“類型”“光線”“內(nèi)容計劃”（Program）“設(shè)計概念”“場地”“環(huán)境”“布局”“路徑”，等等。建筑學(xué)問題的回應(yīng)和解決也許并不一定取決于“技藝”（如果我們是在Techne的意義上使用“技藝”一詞的話），有時它們更需要政治和社會的力量；但是在我看來，建筑學(xué)基本問題的應(yīng)對和處理確實可以被視為一門“技藝”。

《建筑技藝》本期報道的寧波東錢湖教育論壇大師創(chuàng)作室項目中的三個創(chuàng)作室由日本建筑師坂本一成教授及其團隊設(shè)計。坂本一成教授曾以“日常的詩學(xué)”的主張和作為一種建筑設(shè)計方法的“建筑構(gòu)成學(xué)”研究而著稱。這些主張和研究都與建筑學(xué)基本問題緊密相關(guān)，而寧波項目則為“日常的詩學(xué)”和“建筑構(gòu)成學(xué)”在具體環(huán)境和具體使用要求中的物化提供了一個可以具體討論的案例。特別令人感興趣的——也是設(shè)計者稱之為極具“中國特點”和挑戰(zhàn)性的——是建筑師在“內(nèi)容計劃”與“建筑構(gòu)成”之間的互動，以及由此帶來的積極成果，無論這體現(xiàn)在建筑空間方面還是在立面處理方面。

本次現(xiàn)場討論會獲得了多位學(xué)者與頗具思想活力的青年建筑師的積極參與，這確是《建筑技藝》的幸事，也是今后可以進一步加強的一種活動?；顒舆€得到寧波華茂集團的大力支持，在此一并致謝！

For architecture,"technique" should have a more comprehensive meaning.It should not only be the combination of "technology" and "art",but also be understood as a " technique" to properly deal with all the basic problems of architecture.We may be able to distinguish between architectural problems and basic architectural problems.Architectural problems involve the extension and discipline expansion of architecture.With the continuous changes of social development and era conditions,new topics are added (such as various vertical and horizontal research topics).Interdisciplinary fields can also appear at any time.Of course,there are some short-lived situations.In contrast,the basic problems of architecture are relatively constant and belong to the connotation and subject core of architecture,although the attributes of these basic problems and people's understanding are also changing."Technology" is undoubtedly one of the basic problems of architecture.Similar basic problems of architecture include"construction","material","surface","language","form","scale","volume","space","type","light","program","design concept","site","environment","layout","path",etc.The response and solution of architectural problems may not necessarily depend on " technique" (in the sense of techne),sometimes they need more political and social forces.But in my opinion,dealing with the basic problems of architecture can indeed be regarded as a "techne".

The three Studios for Masters of Dongqianhu Education Forum reported in this issue are designed by Japanese architect professor Kazunari Sakamoto and his team.Professor Sakamoto was famous for his proposition of "daily poetics" and his research on "architectural composition" as an architectural design method.These studies are closely related to the basic problems of architecture.The project provides a case for the materialization of "daily poetics" and "architectural composition"in specific environment and use requirements.What is particularly interesting is the interaction between the architect's "program " and "architectural composition",and the resulting positive results,whether in architectural space or facade treatment.

This seminar also received the active participation of some scholars and a group of young architects with the most ideological vitality,which is indeed our pleasure.It is also an activity that can be further strengthened in the future.Also Thanks for the strong support of Huamao Group!