選擇性必修1第4單元重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)歸納

董云嬌

1. distinguish vi. & vt. 區(qū)分;辨別

【經(jīng)典例句】

We can distinguish between gold and silver. 我們能區(qū)分金和銀。

I could not distinguish her words， but she sounded nervous. 我聽不清她說的話，但聽得出她很緊張不安。

She was distinguished for her ability to make her ideas clear. 她以清晰地表達(dá)她的思想的能力而著稱。

【思維拓展】

distinguish between... and... 區(qū)分/辨別……和……;distinguish... from... 使……有別于……的特征;區(qū)別/辨別……和……;distinguish oneself by... 通過……顯示自己或使自己揚(yáng)名;distinguish oneself （as...）（作為……）表現(xiàn)突出;be distinguished for... 因……而出名

2. embarrassed adj. 難堪的;尷尬的

【經(jīng)典例句】

A few students laughed and I think Joe felt embarrassed. 有幾個(gè)學(xué)生笑了，我想喬感到尷尬了。

A parrot can sometimes make you embarrassed. 鸚鵡有時(shí)候會(huì)讓人很尷尬。

I felt so embarrassed about my mistake. 我為自己的錯(cuò)誤感到不好意思。

【思維拓展】

embarrass vt. 使難堪，使局促不安;embarrassing adj. 令人難堪的;embarrassment n. 難堪，困窘;be / feel embarrassed to do sth. 對(duì)做某事感到尷尬;be / feel embarrassed about / at sth. 對(duì)某事感到難為情/不知所措

3. stare vi. 盯著看;凝視 n. 凝視

【經(jīng)典例句】

Its rude to stare at others. 盯著別人看是不禮貌的。

He stared at the girl， trying to remember who she was. 他盯著這個(gè)女孩，努力想記起她是誰。

The girl stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. 那個(gè)女孩對(duì)著那張空白紙凝視了幾秒鐘。

【思維拓展】

stare into space 凝視著空中;stare into the distance 凝視著遠(yuǎn)方 ;stare straight at 直直地盯著;stare sb. in the face 盯著某人的臉看;stare sb. up and down 上下打量某人

【易混辨析】

stare， glare， glance與 gaze

這些動(dòng)詞都有“看;瞧”之意。stare指睜大眼睛出神地看或注視，凝視，多出于驚訝、好奇、羨慕等，有時(shí)是粗魯無禮的;glare側(cè)重含有敵對(duì)情緒的“怒視”;glance指快速地“一掃;一瞥”;gaze多指由于喜愛、憧憬或快樂而長(zhǎng)時(shí)間無意識(shí)地注視。

4. adjust vt. 調(diào)整;調(diào)節(jié) vi. & vt. 適應(yīng);（使）習(xí)慣

【經(jīng)典例句】

Adjust your language to the age of your audience. 要根據(jù)聽眾的年齡使用相應(yīng)的語(yǔ)言。

You will quickly adjust yourself to student life. 你將很快適應(yīng)學(xué)生生活。

She adjusted the seat to the height of her son. 她調(diào)整座椅到適合兒子的高度。

【思維拓展】

adjustable adj. 可調(diào)節(jié)的;可調(diào)整的;adjustment n. 調(diào)整;調(diào)節(jié);adjust sth. to sth. 調(diào)整……以適應(yīng)……;adjust to （doing） sth. 適應(yīng)/習(xí)慣（做）某事;adjust oneself to... 使自己適應(yīng)……;make adjustments to 對(duì)……做出調(diào)整

5. bother vi. & vt. 費(fèi)心;麻煩;因……操心 n. 麻煩;不便

【經(jīng)典例句】

I dont want to bother you with my problems. 我不想因?yàn)槲业膯栴}而打擾你。

Tom is a bother to his teacher. 湯姆使他的老師大傷腦筋。

It bothers me to think of her alone in that big house. 想到她孤零零地待在那所大房子里，我便坐立不安。

【思維拓展】

bother to do sth. 費(fèi)心去做某事;bother about sth. 為某事煩惱;bother sb. with sth. 為某事麻煩某人;be sorry to bother you， but... 很抱歉打擾你一下，但是……;put sb. to any bother 給某人添亂;without any bother 毫不費(fèi)力地;It bothers sb. that / to do sth. 使某人苦惱的是……

【易混辨析】

bother， disturb， trouble與annoy

這組詞都表示“使人不得安寧”或“心煩意亂”。bother指干擾別人的正常生活和工作而使之不太安寧，可能是故意的，含有使人討厭的意味;disturb指使人失去正常秩序而一時(shí)得不到安寧，精力不能集中，語(yǔ)氣比 bother弱;trouble常指在心情上失去平靜而感到憂慮、苦惱或行動(dòng)上帶來不便，也常用于禮貌的要求;annoy通常指重復(fù)性的行為使（別人）生氣。常用被動(dòng)，表示為某事煩惱、生氣。

6. in other words 換句話說;也就是說

【經(jīng)典例句】

In other words， she must give up singing. 換言之，她必須放棄唱歌。

In other words， the ice begins to melt. 換句話說，冰開始融化了。

He became， in other words， a great hero. 換句話說，他成了一位偉大的英雄。

【思維拓展】

in a / one word 總而言之;have a word with sb. 與某人說（私）話;have words with sb. 與某人吵架;keep / break ones word 遵守諾言/失信;beyond words 無法用言語(yǔ)表達(dá);in words 用語(yǔ)言;word came that... 有消息說……

7. get through 通過;完成;接通電話

【經(jīng)典例句】

I tried to ring my girlfriend， but I couldnt get through. 我試圖給女朋友打電話，可是打不通。

If you keep disturbing him， he will never get through his work. 如果你一直打擾他，他永遠(yuǎn)也做不完他的工作。

It took us only a few minutes to get through the Customs. 我們通過海關(guān)只花了幾分鐘時(shí)間。

【思維拓展】

get across 被理解;使人了解;get down to 認(rèn)真地靜下心（工作）（to為介詞）;get over 克服;get on 進(jìn)展;進(jìn)步;get in 收獲;get around / round 到處走動(dòng);傳播出去

8. go on繼續(xù)（做）;進(jìn)行;發(fā)生

【經(jīng)典例句】

If you go on like this， youll end up in prison. 如果你繼續(xù)這樣，早晚得進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。

He couldnt afford the money to go on the trip. 他不夠錢去進(jìn)行這次旅行。

While this conversation was going on， I was listening with earnest attention. 這場(chǎng)對(duì)話進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，我聚精會(huì)神地聽著。

【思維拓展】

go over 復(fù)習(xí);go out 出去;熄滅;go against 違背;違反;go up 上漲;上升;go ahead 前進(jìn);干吧;說吧;go without 沒有……也可應(yīng)付;將就;go through 經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)受;完成;通過;檢查;用完

9. vary from... to... 由……到……不等，從……到……變化

【經(jīng)典例句】

These apples vary in size from small to medium. 這些蘋果的大小從小到中等不同。

Her health varies from good to rather weak. 她的健康狀態(tài)不定，有時(shí)好，有時(shí)極差。

Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school. 各個(gè)學(xué)校的教學(xué)方法大不相同。

【思維拓展】

varied adj. 各種各樣的;變化的;variety n. 不同種類;多樣化;vary in sth. 在某方面不同/有差異;vary with 隨……變化;vary between... and... 從……到……不等;various adj. 各種各樣的;多姿多彩的;a variety of=varieties of 種種

10. figure out 理解;弄明白;計(jì)算出

【經(jīng)典例句】

I cant figure out how to do this. 我弄不懂怎么做這件事。

Have you figured out how much the trip will cost？ 旅行要花多少費(fèi)用你計(jì)算出來沒有？

No one could figure out how he got to be so wealthy. 誰也不知道他怎么會(huì)變得如此富有。

【思維拓展】

figure on計(jì)劃;打算;預(yù)料到;it / that figures 有道理;合乎情理;watch ones figure注意保持體形

【鞏固訓(xùn)練】

根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子，每空一詞。

1. That was an ____ （令人尷尬的） situation for me.

2. Our style will ____ ____ （隨著……變化） our changes in mood.

3. ____ ____ ____（換而言之）， blogging has brought a higher quality of life to people I know.

4. Its important to ____ （區(qū)別） fact from fiction.

5. The two young men ____ ____ ____ （怒視） each other， ready to fight.

6. I cant ____ ____ （弄明白） the meaning of what he said.

7. ____ ____ （停止麻煩） me when Im working.

8. I think you can ____ ____ （完成） the first two chapters.

9. While this conversation ____ ____ ____ （繼續(xù)）， I was listening carefully.

10. It took him a while to ____ ____ ____ （適應(yīng)工作） night shifts.