四、篇章理解
篇章理解題并不像我們想象的那么難,所聽的材料都是有人物、有情節(jié)的,只要我們集中注意力聽,結(jié)合已給出的信息,把握大意及細(xì)節(jié),就一定能答好題。
【試題重現(xiàn)】 (節(jié)選,保留原題號(hào))
21. Whats the population of India?
A. One fourth of the worlds population.?????????? B. One fifth of the worlds population.
C. One sixth of the worlds population.??????? D. One seventh of the worlds population.
22. Where does Martin Green live?
A. In a small village. B. In a big village.??? C. In a small city.????????? D. In a big city.
23. How long do the Greens work in the fields every day?
A. 8 hours.???????????? B. 9 hours.??????? C. 10 hours.??????????? D. 11 hours.
【錄音原文】
Today, well go on with our story about daily life around the world with the Green family in India. One in six people in the world lives in India. Many of them live in big modern cities, but over 263 million of them work on farms across the country.
Martin Green is a farmer in a small village near Delhi. He lives with his wife, Liz, his children and grandchildren. They work in the fields every day. Martin and Liz get up at 4:00 am every day. They work in the fields from 7:00 am to 6:00 pm. They stop work for two hours at midday because the sun is very strong then. In the afternoon, their grandchildren usually help them. In the evening, the family go back home to have dinner. They often go to bed at around 9:00 pm, ready for the next busy day on the farm.
【答案及解析】
21. C。從文中第二句話可以找到此題答案。
22. A。第二段第一句話就介紹了Martin的居住地。
23. B。Martin每天在田地里待11個(gè)小時(shí),減掉中午午休2小時(shí),工作時(shí)間為9小時(shí)。
筆試部分
I. (A) 句子填空
句子填空題對學(xué)生來說是難度較大的一種類型,在很多情況下是因?yàn)樵~匯量的欠缺,所以,詞匯積累是解題的關(guān)鍵。
句子填空題主要考查高頻詞匯、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)問題、非謂語動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞)及固定搭配。解題時(shí)一要看好句型定類型,仔細(xì)觀察題干,盡力弄清句子結(jié)構(gòu),是簡單句還是復(fù)雜句,分清句子成分。若考查謂語動(dòng)詞,就從時(shí)態(tài)方面入手,由時(shí)間狀語、關(guān)鍵詞、上下文及句子的意思來確定動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài);二要仔細(xì)觀察抓關(guān)鍵詞,這些關(guān)鍵詞是解題的“鑰匙”。抓住關(guān)鍵詞我們就能順藤摸瓜,得出正確結(jié)論;三要查漏補(bǔ)缺再檢驗(yàn),注意書寫。注意所填寫的內(nèi)容要做到符合英語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣、符合句子的意義要求、符合語法規(guī)范、注意單詞的拼寫,注意大、小寫字母的寫法。
【試題重現(xiàn)】(節(jié)選,保留原題號(hào))
31. This dress is too large for me. Please show me ___ /??n???/.
34. Yesterday we had a ___ (討論) about after-school activities.
【答案及解析】
31. another。此題是根據(jù)音標(biāo)寫單詞,這道題主要考查同學(xué)們的語音和詞匯知識(shí),如果讀不出來,那么就一定答不出此題,這就要求大家一定要在平時(shí)重視語音知識(shí)。
34. discussion。通過前面的不定冠詞a可以判斷此處應(yīng)該填寫一個(gè)名詞,初中階段表示“討論”的名詞應(yīng)該是discussion。
(B) 單項(xiàng)選擇
語境是開啟單項(xiàng)選擇題的“鑰匙”。單項(xiàng)選擇的命題方向正朝著語境化方向發(fā)展,即所給的選項(xiàng)往往填入空格處句意都可說通,我們只有通過對具體的語境加以分析,注意前后意義的聯(lián)系才能得出正確答案。習(xí)慣搭配是解答單選題的捷徑。單項(xiàng)選擇題常會(huì)涉及一些英語固定短語、固定結(jié)構(gòu)及習(xí)慣用法等,對此類題我們可以在理解句意的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式直接選出答案。關(guān)鍵詞是單項(xiàng)選擇題的解題突破口。有些單項(xiàng)選擇題在題干中含有一些有利于我們解題的關(guān)鍵詞,抓住這些關(guān)鍵詞會(huì)使我們的問題迎刃而解。近義詞是單項(xiàng)選擇題的“攔路虎”。英語中的近義詞辨析題很多,這也是同學(xué)們常感到較難的一類題。做此類題的準(zhǔn)確率在于我們平時(shí)對它們用法的區(qū)分,我們應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)分近義詞。
【試題重現(xiàn)】(節(jié)選,保留原題號(hào))
39. —I lost my textbook and I cant find ___ anywhere.
—Here are some. Just take ___, please.
A. it; it??????? ???????????? B. it; one?????? ?????????? C. one; it? ? ?????????? D. one; one
41. Yesterday was Helens ___ birthday. She is ___ now.
A. fifteen; fifteen-year-old?????????????????????????? B. fifteen; fifteen-years-old
C. fifteenth; fifteen year old???????????????????????? D. fifteenth; fifteen years old
【答案及解析】
39. B。此題考查代詞的用法。說話方說丟失了“教科書”,無法找到“它”,因?yàn)槭菃螖?shù)名詞,所以應(yīng)用it來指代前文提到的事物,此處應(yīng)填it;應(yīng)答方說:“這有一些書,請拿一本吧”,此處的“一本”是泛指,用one代替即可。
41. D。此題是考查數(shù)詞的用法。句意:昨天是海倫的第十五個(gè)生日。她現(xiàn)在十五歲了。“第十五”用序數(shù)詞;“十五歲”有兩種表達(dá)方式:fifteen-year-old和fifteen years old。
(C) 篇章改錯(cuò)
篇章改錯(cuò)題是一種集知識(shí)與能力考查于一體的題型,著重考查考生的識(shí)別能力、分析能力和綜合運(yùn)用能力。首先,要審清題目要求,按要求作答,以免發(fā)生不必要的失誤;其次,在掌握全句大意的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)不同的情況,用所掌握的語法、詞匯知識(shí)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),具體排除干擾,判斷、找出錯(cuò)誤。
【試題重現(xiàn)】
The 38 cube houses in Rotterdam, Netherlands 46. were world-famous. Apart from their shape, what is strange about 47. they? Well, they are at a 54° angle (角)! So how to place the furniture is a problem. The houses arent very big 48. and theyve got three floors. Theres a living room and a kitchen, two bedrooms and a bathroom. There is 49. not place for cars. Some people have got a garden on the third floor and there are great views of the city. Its easy 50. visiting the Cube Houses. Visit the Show-Cube Museum. Its fun!
【答案及解析】
46. are。此句是陳述一個(gè)客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語是cube houses,所以要用are。
47. them。about是介詞,介詞后要用代詞的賓格形式,所以要將they改為them。
48. but。此處考查連詞的用法,兩個(gè)分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系而非并列關(guān)系。
49. no。表示“沒有……的位置”應(yīng)用there is no place for...,not改為no。
50. to visit。此處是一個(gè)固定句型:Its + 形容詞 + (for sb.) + to do sth.。
II. 句式轉(zhuǎn)換
句式轉(zhuǎn)換是初中學(xué)生必須掌握的技能之一,也是各種測試必不可少的題型之一。句式轉(zhuǎn)換主要有三種形式:1. 按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句型;2. 對劃線部分提問;3. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。這種題型主要考查考生對重點(diǎn)短語和基本句型的掌握情況和應(yīng)變能力,它可以起到練習(xí)考生發(fā)散思維的作用。
【試題重現(xiàn)】(節(jié)選,保留原題號(hào))
51. They had to stay in the classroom the whole morning. (改為否定句)
They ___ ___ ___ ___ in the classroom the whole morning.
53. Susan learns Chinese by watching Chinese language videos. (對劃線部分提問)
___ ___ Susan learn Chinese?
【答案及解析】
51. didnt have to stay。題目中的had to是have to的過去式,改為否定式應(yīng)為didnt have to。
53. How does。題目中劃線部分是表示方式的短語,就此類劃線部分提問,疑問詞應(yīng)用how,時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),所以答案為How does。
III. 補(bǔ)全對話
補(bǔ)全對話的形式是給出一段對話,在其中留有一定的空格,要求我們在空缺處填入適當(dāng)?shù)木渥?。針對此類補(bǔ)全對話題,我們解題時(shí)需注意對語境的理解,并同時(shí)注意英語語言的習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式。
【試題重現(xiàn)】
III. Dialogue Completion (補(bǔ)全對話) (共5小題;每小題1分,計(jì)5分)
Toby: Hey, Im going to see a band show tomorrow night. Would you like to come with me?
Wendy: Im afraid I cant. 56. ________
Toby: Really? What type of concert?
Wendy: I play in a rock band called “The Tall Trees”.
Toby: I didnt know that. 57. ________
Wendy: I play the guitar and Im also the lead singer.
Toby: Thats great! Where are you playing tomorrow?
Wendy: 58. ________
Toby: What? Are you going to be there at eight oclock tomorrow night?
Wendy: Yes, thats right. Why?
Toby: 59. ________? I have two tickets from a friend, but it doesnt say what bands playing, just where and when.
Wendy: So youre coming to see us? Thats wonderful!
Toby: 60. ________
A. Were playing at the Underground Club in Park Road.
B. Im looking forward to it!
C. Im playing in a concert of my own tomorrow.
D. Because thats where Im going!
E. When did you start to play the guitar?
F. What do you play?
G. Ill be there before eight oclock tomorrow morning.
【答案及解析】
56. C。Toby詢問Wendy是否愿意同她一起觀看明晚的樂隊(duì)表演,Wendy委婉地拒絕后,應(yīng)該說出自己不能去的原因,C選項(xiàng)符合。
57. F。根據(jù)后面的答語“I play the guitar...”可推測出Toby詢問Wendy彈奏什么樂器。
58. A。問句明顯是詢問地點(diǎn),選項(xiàng)中只有A是表示地點(diǎn)的。
59. D。Toby問Wendy為什么明晚八點(diǎn)去那兒?詢問原因,D為正確答案。
60. B。當(dāng)Toby得知Wendy是這個(gè)樂隊(duì)的成員后,他一定是“非常期待明天的演出”。
(全國中學(xué)生英語能力測評組委會(huì)辦公室_提供)