“救助兒童基金會(huì)”總部

建設(shè)單位：救助兒童基金會(huì)

項(xiàng)目地點(diǎn)：西班牙馬德里

設(shè)計(jì)單位：Elii 建筑師事務(wù)所

建筑面積：483.48 平方米

攝影：Miguel de Guzmán，Rocío Romero

Client:Fundación Save The Children

Location:Madrid,Spain

Architect:Elii

Building Area:483.48 m2

Photography:Miguel de Guzmán,Rocío Romero

“救助兒童基金會(huì)”總部是該非政府組織在馬德里Vallecas 地區(qū)圣迭戈社區(qū)（San Diego）開(kāi)展社會(huì)工作的重要中心 。該方案涉及對(duì)現(xiàn)有建筑的翻新和擴(kuò)建，添加一個(gè)懸掛在現(xiàn)有結(jié)構(gòu)之上的新主體，以滿足托兒中心的需求。方案也包括新立面的設(shè)計(jì)以及增添新的服務(wù)核心。

對(duì)于原有建于1950 年的建筑的改造包括：（a) 翻新和加固現(xiàn)有結(jié)構(gòu)。（b）拆除建筑物的后部，以整合新的通訊和服務(wù)核心。（c）擴(kuò)展頂層，將原有兩個(gè)露臺(tái)改造為兩層通高空間，利于交叉通風(fēng)。（d）利用出挑屋檐和檐篷重新設(shè)計(jì)外立面。這在解決太陽(yáng)直射問(wèn)題的同時(shí)，賦予了基金會(huì)大樓全新面貌。(e) 優(yōu)化功能組織，使其符合對(duì)兒童使用建筑物的嚴(yán)格的法規(guī)要求，同時(shí)最大限度保持方案靈活性，以便符合將來(lái)其它的潛在用途。

建筑中同時(shí)配備某些特別元素以增強(qiáng)兒童相互交流和對(duì)建筑的情感聯(lián)系。（a）使用利于協(xié)同布置空間的元素，包括可移動(dòng)的教室空間或便攜式家具，加強(qiáng)兒童與變化空間的聯(lián)系。（b）納入集體護(hù)理的要素，例如需要共同照料的植物。（c）使用某些材料來(lái)刺激感知。例如等候室的飾面可以反射建筑外廣場(chǎng)的景象，弱化室內(nèi)外的分隔。（d）體現(xiàn)孩子們的意愿。在競(jìng)標(biāo)過(guò)程中，我們要求不同年齡的孩子寫(xiě)一份 “愿望清單”，展示他們對(duì)新空間的想象。他們的一些要求，例如 “在每層樓上安裝一個(gè)巧克力噴泉”，在項(xiàng)目中難以實(shí)現(xiàn)。但是，其他諸如 “能夠從房間中看到星星”已被轉(zhuǎn)換為不同的建筑元素，如屋頂?shù)奶齑?。?jiǎn)而言之，這是為了將建筑物變成集體的 “寵物”，激發(fā)使用者對(duì)它的親近情感。

該項(xiàng)目提出了一系列基本的主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)氣候措施，作為室內(nèi)空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的補(bǔ)充：（a）設(shè)計(jì)新的隔熱外殼，在可能的情況下采用交叉通風(fēng)。（b）由檐篷和屋檐組成的立面系統(tǒng)可減少夏季制冷和冬季加熱的能耗。（c）夏季時(shí)在立面添加植物，幫助調(diào)節(jié)溫度和濕度。（d）通過(guò)地板采暖的冷/熱調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)。以上措施使建筑具有良好的節(jié)能效果，降低了維護(hù)成本，同時(shí)確保兒童和其它使用者的舒適度。

剖面圖 Section

The building for Save The Children Foundation is a strategic point in the San Diego neighbourhood for the social work that this NGO carries out in the Vallecas area.The project involves the refurbishment and extension of the current building so as to address the needs of a child care centre.The proposal is based on adding a new body that is suspended over the existing structure.This extends the building and configures a new fa?ade,as well as a new communications and service core.

A series of architectural actuations serve to update the body of this 1950s building:(a)refurbishment and consolidation of the existing structure.(b) Partial demolition of the rear of the building to integrate a new communications and service core,in compliance with current regulations guaranteeing the technical and functional performance of the main rooms.(c)Extension of the top floor,which uses up the allowed building surface with a two-level space,arranged between two terraces to favor cross-ventilation.(d) Refurbishment of the fa?ade using a system of eaves,canopies and flower pots suspended from the top floor.This solves the problem of the (non-existent) heat insulation and the regulation of the solar radiation,while at the same time configuring the new image of the STC Foundation in the square.(e) Functional organization to optimize the typology so that it complies with the demanding regulatory requirements for buildings to be used by children while at the same time maintaining the maximum programmatic flexibility for other potential future uses.

A series of basic active and passive bioclimate measures have been presented to complement the comprehensive air conditioning strategy:(a) Design of a new insulated enclosure and cross ventilation whenever possible.(b) Fa?ade system formed by canopies and eaves that reduce energy consumption for cooling in summer and heating in winter.(c) Incorporation of plants on the fa?ade to help regulate temperature and moisture during the summer months.(d) Cold/hot conditioning system by means of underfloor heating.Thanks to all these elements,the building has the best possible energy certification,reduces its maintenance costs,while the comfort of the children,visitors and workers is ensured.

一層平面 First floor plan

二層平面 Second floor plan

三層平面 Third floor plan

四層平面 Forth floor zplan

五層平面 Fifth plan

頂層平面 Top plan