成為高效閱讀者的四種策略

安徽 周艷霞

成為高效的閱讀者并不是輕而易舉的事，有四種策略可以使你的閱讀更加高效。

文章詞數(shù) 6分鐘375 難度 ★★★★ 建議用時

For most people, it isn't easy to read efficiently. Your reading rate is often just a matter of habit. But to begin,you may need to try to change some habits and try the following tips.

Pay attention. When you read, it really matters. Most people read in an inattentive and passive way like watching TV. Reading takes effort and you must make the effort. A wise teacher once told me that we can learn anything if we do three things:PAY ATTENTION,PAY ATTENTION and PAY ATTENTION.

There are some simple methods that you can use to pay better attention and get more out of your textbook reading time. You will improve your comprehension if you somehow “preview”the passage before you actually sit down and read every word. To do a preview you should look over the title of the chapter, all the headings, subheadings and marked, italic or dark print, any pictures or illustrations, charts or graphs. Also you should quickly skim over the passage, read the first and the last paragraphs and glance at the first sentence of every other paragraph. When finishing reading, close the book and ask yourself some questions like what is the main idea, what kind of writing is it, and what is the author's purpose.

Stop talking to yourself when you read.Reading should be an activity which involves only the eyes and the brain. Try to focus on reading as if you were looking at a landscape and were deeply absorbed in it rather than looking at the rocks at your feet.

Read in thought groups. When we read,our eyes must make small stops along the line.Poor readers make more eye stops than good readers. Try to read in phrases of three or four words, especially in complete clauses. Your mind may understand them as if the whole phrase is like one big meaning-rich word.

Vary your reading rate. Your reading rate should suit the difficulty and type of writing of the text. Poor readers always read at the same slow rate. An efficient reader speeds up for easier materials and slows down for the hard.

It takes time to be an efficient reader.Sticking to these principles, surely, you will read effectively one day.

Reading Check

Ⅰ.Complete the following mind map with only one word for each blank.

Ⅱ. Discussion

Can you think of any other strategies to be an efficient reader?

Language Study

“一目十行”不是夢，再教你兩招！

Complete the text with the words from the box in their proper forms.One word is extra.

speed highlight efficient option technique drag follow quick

Want to read more efficiently? Try the 1. _________tips.

2. _________what you are reading. As a student, you have been in a situation where you regretted not noting something down. So, use that mistake as a learning 3. _________and try to take notes and highlight the main points.

Use pens to point where you are reading to read fast and 4. _________. This is another extraordinary 5. ________that I use to read textbooks more quickly. Use a pen and 6. _________it along as you read the lines.This will help you gain momentum (動力). If you want to read faster but efficiently, take the pen more quickly than the 7. _________of your reading.

Cultural Background

高效閱讀的小貼士

除了本文提到的一些讀書建議外，以下建議也能讓你成為更高效的閱讀者。

Highlight what you are reading. 突出你正在閱讀的內容。

Summaries are essential to read efficiently.摘要對于有效閱讀至關重要。

Maintain the habit of reviewing the reading materials. 保持復習閱讀材料的習慣。

Take good notes. 做好筆記。

主題應用·語庫構建

常用語料

Ⅰ. 高頻表達

1. 書籍分類

all types of books 各種類型的書

novel （長篇）小說

science fiction 科幻小說

adventure 冒險

essay 論說文；小品文

realistic novel 現(xiàn)實主義小說

biography 傳記

legend 傳說；傳奇故事

classical literature/work 古典文學/作品

detective novel 偵探小說

fairy tale 童話故事

mystery novel 懸疑小說

folk literature 民間文學

drama 戲劇

literature 文學

lyric 抒情詩

myth 神話

poem 詩

poetry (總稱)詩

a book review 書評

contemporary literature 當代文學

2. 人物與職業(yè)

writer 作者；作家

author 作者

novelist 小說家

poet 詩人

librarian 圖書管理員

dramatist 劇作家

3. 作品風格、內容、創(chuàng)作及評價等

a vivid description 生動的描述

classic 經(jīng)典的

original adj. 原作的n. 原作

precious 寶貴的；珍貴的

abstract 抽象的

artistic 藝術的

vivid 生動的

visual 視覺的

plain 樸素的

true to life 逼真的

background 背景

character 人物

chapter 章

describe 描述

description 描寫

extraordinary 非凡的

line 臺詞

masterpiece 杰作；代表作

reflect 反映

represent 表示；象征；描繪；展現(xiàn)

adapt...from... 根據(jù)……改編……

appeal to 吸引

be based on 以……為根據(jù)

be set in 以……為背景

have an influence on 對……有影響

adaptation 改編本

comment v. 評論；批評n. 評論

4. 其他

appreciate 欣賞

publish 出版；發(fā)行

recommend 推薦

work 著作；作品

abstract art 抽象藝術

World Book Day 世界讀書日

be fascinated by 被……所吸引

be absorbed in 沉浸于……

be occupied with 沉浸于……；忙于……

pay attention 集中注意力

improve your comprehension 提高你的理解力

preview the passage 預習文章

look over the title of the chapter 看看這一章的標題

try to read in phrases of three or four words 試著按三個或四個單詞的短語閱讀

vary your reading rate 改變你的閱讀速度

Ⅱ. 美句背誦

1. Surrounded by books, I am enthusiastic about reading. 被書包圍著， 我對讀書充滿了熱情。

2. The moment I finished a book, I would begin another one. 當我一讀完一本書時，我就會開始讀另一本書。

3. Today, World Book Day has grown into a hugely successful annual celebration of books and reading. 今天， 世界圖書日已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一個非常成功的年度圖書和閱讀慶?；顒?。

4. On this day, children in the UK dress up as their favorite characters for school and community events. 在這一天，英國的孩子們打扮成他們最喜歡的角色，參加學校和社區(qū)的活動。

5. World Book Day has been changing lives through the love of books and shared reading. World Book Day now provides reading with pleasure resources throughout the year. 世界讀書日一直在通過熱愛圖書和分享閱讀來改變生活。 現(xiàn)在，世界讀書日全年為閱讀提供了愉悅的資源。

6. Not many people in the business world around me read, which I find frustrating when socializing. 在我周圍的商業(yè)世界里，沒有多少人讀書，這讓我在社交時感到沮喪。

7. We can't allow the fast pace of modern life to paralyze us, locking us into lifestyle enslaved by technology and an instant gratification mindset. 我們不能讓現(xiàn)代生活的快速節(jié)奏麻痹自己，把自己鎖在被技術和即時滿足心態(tài)所奴役的生活方式中。

8. I've committed to reading a book a week for the past two years. 在過去的兩年里， 我一直致力于每周讀一本書。

9. One of the amazing things about reading is that when you're reading, you're engaging in a conversation with the author. 閱讀的一個驚人之處是，當你在閱讀時，你正在與作者進行對話。

10. Today I stand here to share my reading stories with you because I believe that reading can light up the whole world. 今天我站在這里和大家分享我的閱讀故事，因為我相信，閱讀可以照亮整個世界。

11. You should quickly skim over the passage, read the first and the last paragraphs and glance at the first sentence of every other paragraph. 你應該快速瀏覽文章，閱讀文章的第一段和最后一段，并看看每一段的第一句。

12. Reading should be an activity which involves only the eyes and the brain. An efficient reader speeds up for easier materials and slows down for the hard. 閱讀應該是一項只涉及眼睛和大腦的活動。 遇到更容易的材料時，一個有效率的讀者會加快閱讀速度；遇到困難的材料時，則會降低速度。

Ⅲ. 主題寫作

假定你是李華，你的美國網(wǎng)友Jack寫信詢問你為什么喜歡在閑暇時讀書。請你用英語給他寫一封回信，內容包括：

1. 你的讀書經(jīng)歷；

2. 你從讀書中獲得的益處。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)120左右；

2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3. 開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

Dear Jack,

Everyone has different ways of spending his or her free time. As for me, I usually do reading when I have free time.____________________

Write to tell me what you usually do in your spare time.

Yours,

Li Hua

IV. 主題測評

見P56“自測園地”

續(xù)寫金庫

（一）動作描寫

1. To read I had to place the book mere inches from my face, which gave me severe headaches. 為了閱讀，我不得不把書放在離我的臉只有幾英寸的地方，這讓我頭痛得非常厲害。

2. I read library books as fast as I could go,rushing them home in the basket of my bicycle.我會全速地閱讀圖書館的書，把它們裝在自行車的籃子里匆忙趕回家。

3. However, he kept his door open so he could still hear the book and before the chapter was over, he had crept out and joined us in the back of the room. 然而，他會讓他的門敞開著，以便他仍然能聽到（我們讀）這本書。 在章節(jié)結束之前，他會悄悄地走出來，站在房間的后面加入我們。

4. I bring a book with me wherever I go. 無論我走到哪里，我都帶著一本書。

（二）心理感受

5. I was hooked. 我被迷住了。

6. I began devouring books after that. 此后，我開始全神貫注于一本本書。

7. I found that there is something magical in every book and I was so fascinated by the plots. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)每本書中都有神奇的東西， 我對這些情節(jié)非常著迷。

8. Returning to a book you've read many times can feel like talking with an old friend. 重讀一本你讀過很多次的書，你會感覺像和一個老朋友交談。

9. To read is to voyage through time, to visit places you would never otherwise know and to experience a world of imagination, adventure,and discovery. 閱讀就是穿越時間，去參觀你永遠不會知道的地方，體驗一個充滿想象、冒險和發(fā)現(xiàn)的世界。（三）細節(jié)描寫

10. The love of reading has been kept unchanged, except that I don't suck my fingers anymore while I'm reading. 我對閱讀的熱愛一直保持不變，只是在閱讀時我不再吮吸手指。

（四）環(huán)境描寫

11. Sunshine glowing on the bookshelves, I smelled the scent of books. 陽光在書架上閃閃發(fā)光，我聞到了書的芬芳。

（五）點睛妙語

12. Like fastened bonds, books not only closely connected our early years' reading but also opened a more brilliant future before us. 書籍就像牢固的紐帶，不僅將我們早年的閱讀緊密相連，也在我們面前開辟了一個更加輝煌的未來。

13. Reading has not only made me a better person, but has also taught me to be more mindful and intentional about everything I do. 閱讀不僅使我成為一個更好的人，而且還教會了我對我所做的每件事都要更加小心和用心。

14. Books, for me, are not only a source of information, but a way to escape the stresses of my life. 對我來說，書籍不僅是信息的來源，也是從生活壓力中逃出的一種方式。

15. Reading has opened up my mind,exposing me to everything the world offers. 閱讀打開了我的思想，讓我接觸到這個世界提供的一切。