Types of Power Plants for Energy Generation (III) 發(fā)電廠類型（三）

NS Energy

之前我們了解了一些常規(guī)和傳統(tǒng)的發(fā)電廠類型，接下來的文章就帶你走進靠太陽能（光伏）、風力與潮汐發(fā)電的電廠。

Solar power plants

Solar energy plants convert energy from the sun into thermal or electrical energy using one of the cleanest and most 1）abundant renewable energy sources.

They generally do not require high maintenance and last for about 20 to 25 years.

According to the International Renewable Energy Agency （IRENA）， global solar power capacity will increase by 9% each year between 2018 and 2050， in which time it will grow from 480 GW to more than 8，000 GW.

But the 2）initial costs involved in financing solar power plants are high and the installation requires a lot of space.

Wind power plants

In recent years， there has been a rapid growth in the number of wind farms across the world， 3）underpinned by technological advancements.

Wind farms can also be constructed on agricultural lands， without causing any interruption to 4）cultivation activities.

But the maintenance of wind 5）turbines may vary， as some need to be frequently checked and wind power projects typically require huge capital 6）expenditure.

1） abundant [??b?nd?nt] adj.豐富的??? 4） cultivation [?k?lt??ve??n] n.耕種

2） initial [??n??l] adj.最初的??? 5） turbine [?t??ba?n] n.渦輪機

3） underpin [??nd??p?n] v.加強……的基礎(chǔ)??? 6） expenditure [?k?spend?t??（r）] n.花費

Tidal power plants

Tidal energy is generated from converting energy from the force tides into power and its production is considered more predictable compared to wind energy and solar power.

But tidal power is still not widely used， even though the world's first large-scale plant of its type became operational in 1966.

An increased focus on generating power from renewable sources is expected to accelerate the development of new methods to exploit tidal energy.

Although the development of tidal power is at the nascent stage， it has the potential to grow significantly in the coming years.

太陽能發(fā)電廠

太陽能發(fā)電廠使用最清潔和最豐富的可再生能源——太陽能，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為熱能或電能。

它們通常不需要很高的維護成本，可使用20到25年。

根據(jù)國際可再生能源機構(gòu)的數(shù)據(jù)，從2018年到2050年，全球太陽能發(fā)電容量將以每年9%的速度增長，屆時它將從480吉瓦增長到8000吉瓦以上。

但是，為太陽能發(fā)電廠融資涉及的初始成本很高，并且安裝需要大量空間。

風力發(fā)電廠

近年來，在技術(shù)進步的支持下，全球風力發(fā)電場數(shù)量迅速增長。

風力發(fā)電場可以在農(nóng)田上建造，不會對耕種活動造成任何干擾。

但是風力渦輪機的維護可能會有所不同，因為其中一些需要經(jīng)常檢查，并且風力發(fā)電項目通常需要巨額的資本支出。

潮汐發(fā)電廠

潮汐能是通過將潮汐的能量轉(zhuǎn)換為電能而產(chǎn)生的，與風能和太陽能相比，潮汐能的產(chǎn)生更可預(yù)測。

但是，即使世界上第一座此類大型電廠于1966年就投入運營，潮汐能仍未得到廣泛使用。

各國預(yù)計將越來越重視利用可再生能源發(fā)電，這將加速開發(fā)利用潮汐能的新方法。

盡管潮汐能的發(fā)展還處于起步階段，但它有潛力在未來幾年中顯著增長。