Yuan Longping：The Father of Hybrid Rice 袁隆平：雜交水稻之父

CRI

“雜交水稻之父”“共和國勛章”獲得者袁隆平，因多器官功能衰竭，于2021年5月22日在長沙逝世，享年91歲。“人就像種子，要做一粒好種子”，袁隆平院士用一生為這句話寫下了注腳。閱讀本期文章，一起緬懷袁爺爺！

“I saw rice plants as tall as Chinese 1）sorghum， each ear of rice as big as a broom and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut. I could hide in the shadow of the rice crops with a friend.”

This is a famous dream of the 2）renowned agricultural

1） sorghum [?s??ɡ?m] n.高粱

2） renowned [r??na?nd] adj.有名的

scientist Yuan Longping.

Yuan Longping is one of the most important scientists in contemporary China. Having spent over 50 years in agricultural research， he has made a remarkable contribution in solving the problem of feeding the massive population of China.

Yuan Longping's interest in agriculture began when he was still in primary school.

“We went to a 3）horticultural garden on outing led by our teacher. The garden was beautiful and there were nice fruits like grapes. I thought it would be a great thing to learn agriculture.”

Despite his parents wishes that he study science or medicine， Yuan Longping chose to study agriculture at university. After graduation， Yuan was assigned as a teacher in an agricultural school in a small town called Anjiang in Hunan province， where he stayed for 19 years. Although he was initially assigned to teach Russian there， Anjiang was the place where Yuan Longping started his hybrid rice research and eventually developed the world-famous three-line hybrid rice.

During the period from late 1950's to the early 1960's， China suffered from a nationwide 4）famine. Yuan Longping saw the suffering firsthand.

The tragic scene left a long-term impression on Yuan Longping， and he decided to make an effort to ensure that people in the future would have enough food to eat. Since then， he has devoted himself to the research and development of a better rice breed. Yuan Longping's research was not supported in the beginning. Many experts doubted his theory and did not believe he would succeed. After several years of study and research of more than 6，000 rice plants in the field， in 1964， Yuan Longping finally found a natural hybrid rice plant that had obvious advantages over others. This was a key to his research. After over a decade of effort， Yuan's group developed the first high-yielding hybrid rice varietal in 1974. This rice yielded 20 percent more per unit than other rice plants， putting China in the lead in worldwide rice production.

3） horticultural [?h??t??k?lt??r?l] adj.園藝的

4）famine [?f?m?n] n.饑荒

5） stock [st?k] n.股票??? 6） ample [??mpl] adj.富足的

Thanks to Yuan Longping's persistence， as much as 50 percent of China's total rice fields now grow his hybrid rice， yielding 60 percent of the rice production in China. However， Yuan Longping is not satisfied with his current achievement and is still studying ways to develop rice varietals with even higher yields.

Yuan Longping's achievement has brought him numerous awards and honors both at home and abroad. And to get more funds for research， he donated his name in business. In 2000， a seed company called Longping High Tech opened for business， in which Yuan Longping got 5）stock worth 100 million yuan. His name is now estimated to be worth over 100 billion yuan as a brand. However， fame and wealth mean much less to him than his research. He resigned from the company two years later and went on developing better rice.

“I am not a businessman， and my main job is doing research. Too much money would be a big burden.”

His hybrid rice has already been adopted in over 20 countries and is attracting attention from the whole world， especially in areas at risk for famine. Yuan Longping's achievement is considered a victory over the threat of famine， and some economists say that Yuan is ushering us into a world with 6）ample food.

At 13：07 on May 22， Yuan Longping died of multiple organ failure in Changsha.

參考譯文：

“我夢見水稻如高粱一般高，稻穗和掃把一樣長，谷粒猶如花生米那樣大。人們可以在稻穗之下乘涼?！边@是知名農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家袁隆平的一個(gè)著名夢想。

袁隆平是當(dāng)代中國最重要的科學(xué)家之一。他從事農(nóng)業(yè)研究50多年，為解決中國龐大人口的吃飯問題做出了卓越貢獻(xiàn)。

袁隆平對農(nóng)業(yè)的興趣始于他還在上小學(xué)的時(shí)候。

“我們在老師的帶領(lǐng)下去參觀一個(gè)園藝場。那里很漂亮，看很好吃的水果如葡萄。我認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)農(nóng)業(yè)是一件很好的事情?！?/p>

盡管父母希望他學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)，袁隆平還是選擇了在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)農(nóng)業(yè)。畢業(yè)后，他被分配到湖南省一個(gè)叫安江的小鎮(zhèn)上的一所農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)校當(dāng)教師，他在那里生活了19年。雖然最初被派到安江教俄語，但那是袁隆平開始雜交水稻研究并最終開發(fā)出世界著名的三系雜交水稻的地方。

20世紀(jì)50年代末到60年代初，中國遭受了全國性的饑荒。袁隆平目睹了中國人民遭受的苦難。

這給袁隆平留下了很深的印象，他決定努力保證人們有足夠的食物吃。從那以后，他一直致力于研究和開發(fā)更好的水稻品種。袁隆平的研究從一開始就不被支持。許多專家懷疑他的理論，認(rèn)為他不會成功。袁隆平在田間對6000多株水稻進(jìn)行了多年的研究，1964年，他終于找到了一種天然雜交稻，這種雜交稻比其他水稻具有明顯的優(yōu)勢。這對他的研究至關(guān)重要。經(jīng)過十多年的努力，袁隆平團(tuán)隊(duì)于1974年培育出第一個(gè)高產(chǎn)雜交水稻品種。這種水稻的單產(chǎn)比其他水稻作物高出20%，使中國在世界水稻生產(chǎn)中處于領(lǐng)先地位。

由于袁隆平的堅(jiān)持，現(xiàn)在中國有50%的稻田種植了他的雜交水稻，產(chǎn)量占中國水稻產(chǎn)量的60%。然而，袁隆平對自己目前的成就并不滿意，仍在研究如何開發(fā)產(chǎn)量更高的水稻品種。

袁隆平的成就為他帶來了無數(shù)的國內(nèi)外獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)和榮譽(yù)。為了獲得更多的研究經(jīng)費(fèi)，他把自己的名字捐給了商界。2000年，一家名為隆平高新的種子公司開業(yè)，袁隆平獲得價(jià)值1億元的股票?，F(xiàn)在，他的品牌價(jià)值估計(jì)超過1000億元人民幣。然而，名利對他來說遠(yuǎn)不如他的研究重要。兩年后，他辭去了公司的職務(wù)，繼續(xù)開發(fā)更好的大米。

“我不是商人，我的主要工作是做研究。太多的錢會是一個(gè)很大的負(fù)擔(dān)。”

他的雜交水稻已經(jīng)在20多個(gè)國家被采用，引起了全世界的關(guān)注，特別是在面臨饑荒危險(xiǎn)的地區(qū)。袁隆平的成就被認(rèn)為是戰(zhàn)勝饑荒威脅的勝利，一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家說，袁隆平正在帶領(lǐng)我們進(jìn)入一個(gè)糧食充足的世界。

5月22日13時(shí)7分，袁隆平因多器官功能衰竭在長沙逝世。