主題語境十：科學(xué)與技術(shù)

蔣建平

科技是第一生產(chǎn)力。日新月異的現(xiàn)代科技正飛速地改變著我們的世界，也正在重新書寫著新世紀的歷史。磁懸浮列車、克隆技術(shù)、移動支付、5G（第五代移動通信技術(shù)）、VR（虛擬現(xiàn)實）、AI（人工智能）等新名詞、新事物不斷刷新著我們的詞匯記憶記錄，也不斷改寫、充實著詞典和詞庫。掌握現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)、普及科學(xué)知識是我們的必修課。課標中“科學(xué)與技術(shù)”主題涉及的主要內(nèi)容有：（1）Recent inventions， medical advances， technological advances， etc.;（2）Computer science， etc.。關(guān)于“科學(xué)與技術(shù)”主題的寫作常有以下幾個命題角度：

1. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)對人們生活的影響，如手機、平板電腦等帶來的問題;

2. 面對日新月異的電子產(chǎn)品我們該怎樣選擇;

3. 對日常生活的創(chuàng)意想法;

4. 對未來生活的設(shè)想。

語境串記

Explore imaginary MKⅡ

MKⅡ， a remote planet， is the origin of life in many 1. ? ?（story）. Physicists have found out that its gentle climate is similar to the earths. Moreover， astronomers have found that oxygen atoms and carbon dioxide， 2. ? ? are fundamental to life， exist in its atmosphere through satellites. 3. ? ?（cheer） up by this news， biologists， in their turn， began to do some research 4. ? ?（remove） peoples puzzles： Now that there are some suitable conditions， does life really exist 5. ? ? this globe？ Do they multiply by laying eggs or giving birth to babies？

Last month， a spaceship 6. ? ?（send） there. Its a pity that this mission failed. Unlike the earth， MKⅡ is 7. ? ? much younger planet. Thus， masses of 8. ? ?（harm） acid clouds float everywhere 9. ? ?（cause） violent chain reactions to break out. These clouds not only blocked out the pilots sight but also damaged the engine system. 10. ? ?（lucky）， the pilots watched out carefully and prevented the spaceship from crashing in time.

探測想象中的MK二號行星

MK二號是一顆遙遠的行星，它在許多故事里都是生命起源的地方。物理學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)它溫和的氣候和地球相似。此外，天文學(xué)家也通過衛(wèi)星，在它的大氣層里發(fā)現(xiàn)了氧原子和二氧化碳的存在，這些對生命來說，都是基本的。受到這一消息的鼓舞，生物學(xué)家們接著開始了研究以解開人們的迷惑：既然有了適合的條件，生命真的存在于這個星球嗎？他們是通過下蛋，還是產(chǎn)仔來繁殖后代的呢？

上個月，一艘太空飛船被派到了那兒?？上У氖牵@次任務(wù)失敗了。不像地球，MK二號是一顆年輕得多的行星。因此，大團大團的有害酸云到處漂浮，引起猛烈的連鎖反應(yīng)的爆發(fā)。這些云團不僅阻擋了飛行員的視線，而且還損壞了發(fā)動機系統(tǒng)。幸運的是，飛行員小心注意，才及時阻止了飛船的墜毀。

素材積累

一、閱讀詞匯整合（明其義）

【核心單詞】

1. breakthrough 重大進展;突破

2. challenge 挑戰(zhàn)

3. explore v. 探索

exploration n. 探索;探測

4. intelligent adj. 智能的

intelligence n. 智力;智慧

5. equipment 設(shè)備

6. analyze v. 分析

analysis n. 分析

7. create v. 創(chuàng)造

creation n. 創(chuàng)造;創(chuàng)作

creative adj. 有創(chuàng)造力的;創(chuàng)造的

creator n. 創(chuàng)造者;創(chuàng)作者

8. digital 數(shù)字化的

9. electronic 電子的

10. automatic 自動的

11. invent v. 發(fā)明

invention n. 發(fā)明;創(chuàng)造

inventor n. 發(fā)明者;發(fā)明家

【高頻短語】

1. with the development of 隨著……的發(fā)展

2. with the popularity of the Internet 隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)的普及

3. high?tech products 高科技產(chǎn)品

4. carry out scientific experiments 開展科學(xué)實驗

5. do/work wonders 創(chuàng)造奇跡

6. realize ones dream 實現(xiàn)某人的夢想

【主題整合】

電腦軟件與硬件

1. screen 屏幕

2. monitor 顯示器

3. mouse 鼠標

4. keyboard 鍵盤

5. modem 調(diào)制解調(diào)器

6. system 系統(tǒng);體系

7. program 程序

8. virus 病毒

電腦操作

1. access 存取

2. search 搜索

3. scan 掃描

4. copy 復(fù)制

5. delete 刪除

6. download 下載

7. edit 編輯

8. insert 插入

9. update 更新

10. log in/on 登錄;進入

11. click on sth 用鼠標點擊

信息與網(wǎng)絡(luò)

1. big data 大數(shù)據(jù)

2. Internet 因特網(wǎng);互聯(lián)網(wǎng)

3. signal 信號

4. file 文件

5. website 網(wǎng)站

6. message 消息;信息

7. online 在線的;聯(lián)網(wǎng)的

8. online shopping 網(wǎng)上購物

9. search engine 搜索引擎

10. surf the Internet 網(wǎng)上沖浪

二、寫作詞匯運用（悉其用）

根據(jù)漢語提示或用所給單詞的正確形式完成句子。

1. Our analysis shows that we can move a lot faster（以用風(fēng)能和太陽能取代煤炭）.

2. In the next few years， computers will become handier， and shortly all of us are going to use our voices（發(fā)出指令） to computers.

3. Nothing is wasted， and everything， even plastic bags， （recycle）.

4. So how do we（維持健康的平衡） in our use of technology and not become run down by it？

5. This September， a total of 35 universities in China will become the countrys first batch to offer AI as a major to undergraduate students with a drive（build） a strong AI talent pool.

6. Activities like playing computer games，surfing the Net and（下載） MP3s are common for the youngsters.

7. You need a password? （登錄） to enter the computer.

8. In the past few years our country

（make） a great breakthrough in science.

9. Keep looking up， and you may catchsight of some（意想不到的） creatures.

10. When a new product comes into being， it must be tested out before it ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（投入使用）.

三、核心句型表達（精于表）

根據(jù)要求翻譯下列句子。

1. 預(yù)料科技在我們未來的生活中將扮演著更為重要的角色。

譯法一：（含賓語從句）

譯法二：（用it作形式主語）

譯法三：（含不定式結(jié)構(gòu)）

2. 毫無疑問，現(xiàn)代科技給我們的生活帶來了方便和舒適。

譯法一：（用it作形式主語）

譯法二：（含that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句）

3. 盡管3D食品打印技術(shù)最近取得了進步，但該行業(yè)仍有許多困難需要克服。

譯法一：（含despite）

譯法二：（含although引導(dǎo)的狀語從句）

4. 顯而易見，iPad對我們的學(xué)習(xí)，尤其是對我們的英語聽力有很大的幫助。

譯法一：（簡單句）

譯法二：（用it作形式主語）

知識維度診斷評價

Ⅰ. 單句填空

1. We will be able to download any file or update our computers just by （say） a few words.

2. Well， now theres a systemthe waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.

3. （travel） at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour， the train can complete the 30?kilometre journey in eight minutes.

4. Instead of using drawings done by hand， computers created the images， and the result was a much greater realism—the creatures in Toy Story were （astonishing） lifelike.

5. Data （release） last week highlighted the rise of the renewable， with electricity generation from clean sources doubling since 2008.

6. The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great ? ? ? ? ? ?（invent）.

7. Learning that you show great interest in Artificial Intelligence from your last email， Id like to shareyou some information.

8. China offers a good stage for people with a good knowledge of AI to showthey can achieve.

9. Both of these sources offer a wealth of information （explore）.

10. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry， none of which

（prove）.

Ⅱ. 單句改錯

1. As you know it， courses about AI will be offered in 35 Chinese universities in September 2019.

2. Under the rapid development of China， the government will also pay more and more attention to AI.

3. When most of us get a text message on our cellphone from the unknown person， we usually say “Sorry， wrong number！”

4. Compare with traditional letters， e?mail has many advantages， such as being fast and costing nothing.

5. Shortly all of us are going to use our voices to give instruction to computers.

Ⅲ. 語篇填詞

選用所給單詞的正確形式填空，使短文意思完整。

[base， publish， high， use， feel， difference， tell， rely， detail， concern]

We all know the hard work that filmmakers and actors put in to provide us with entertainment， but it seems that even regular moviegoers like us have a big impact on how a movie turns out too. For decades， film studios 1.so?called test screenings to get feedback from members of the public before a movie comes out. While test audience members are usually asked to fill in a questionnaire after a screening， 2.the film studio what they liked and didnt like， media giant Disney has come up with a more high?tech solution.

According to a paper 3.by the companys researchers， Disney is measuring test audiences reactions by using special cameras placed inside cinemas. Pairing the cameras with custom software， the company can track what each audience member 4. at any point in the movie， from anger to joy. This works by mapping 68 different points on each audience members face. The cameras can see in the dark， and the software can figure out a persons mood 5. on the slightest of facial expressions.

Its hoped that this new method will allow more 6. feedback from test audiences. Rather than 7. on audience members to recall their feelings after the movies over， it can accurately read their reactions in real?time.

Test screenings are 8. valued in the movie industry， and several well?known movies have been greatly altered following feedback. Viewers of E.T. the Extra?Terrestrial （1982）， would have left the cinema feeling a whole lot 9. if it werent for its test audiences feedback. “In one cut of the film that was tested， E.T. died instead of going home in his spaceship. You wont be surprised to hear that the test audience in question didnt warm to this ending at all，” wrote media website Den of Geek.

But for those who 10. about privacy， the cameras wont be installed in public cinemas. After all， unless youre part of a test audience， being in front of the camera is best left to the movie stars.

（主題語境十：素養(yǎng)維度發(fā)展評價，見第53～54頁）