張新峰
現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來的意義,常有“意圖”“安排”或“打算”的含義,這種用法的句子的主語通常是人,學習時主要掌握以下幾點:
1. 表示計劃或安排
現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來意義,主要用于談論已經(jīng)計劃或安排好的動作,所涉及的動詞有些是表示位置移動的,有些卻不一定是表示位置移動的,但總的說來,能這樣用的動詞比較有限,主要有arrive, come, die, do, drive, fly, get, go, have, leave, meet, play, return, see, sleep, spend, start, stay, travel, wear, work等。如:
I'm leaving tonight. I've got my plane ticket. 我今天晚上就要動身了,已經(jīng)買好了機票。
I'm meeting Peter tonight. He is taking me to the theatre. 今天晚上我要跟彼得會面。他要帶我去看戲。
—What are you doing this evening? 你今晚打算做什么?
—I'm washing my hair. 我要洗頭。
2. 表示即將發(fā)生
對于即將要發(fā)生的動作,不管是計劃好的還是未計劃好的,通常都可用現(xiàn)在進行時來表示。如:
I'm just going out to the post office. Back in a minute. 我要到郵局去,一會兒就回來。
Get your coat on! I'm taking you down to the doctor! 穿好外衣!我這就帶你去看醫(yī)生!
—Jim, would you come here, please? 吉姆,請過來一下好嗎?
—OK, I'm coming. 好的,我就來。
3. 表示命令和拒絕
現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來時,有時可以表示命令或拒絕,即用于堅持要別人做什么事或不做什么事。如:
You're not wearing that skirt to school. 你不可以穿那條裙子去上學。
You're not playing football in my garden. 你們不許在我的花園里踢足球。
4. 表示交通方式、行程安排的動詞,例如 fly,walk, ride, drive, take(a bus, a taxi)等的現(xiàn)在進行時也經(jīng)常用于表示將來。但偶爾也表示較遠的將來。如:
When I grow up, I'm joining the army. 我長大了要參軍。
5. 表將來的現(xiàn)在進行時有時含有“決心”的意思,可用在否定結構中,有時也用在肯定結構中。如:
I'm not going. 我不走了。
I'm not waiting any longer. 我不再等了。
I'm backing out. 我要打退堂鼓了。
【跟蹤練習】
將所給單詞用適當形式填入空白處,完成句子。
1. Betty ___ (leave) for Guangzhou by plane at 3 this afternoon. Her brother Bob ___(see) her off. It's half past one now. They ___ (wait) for a taxi outside the school gate.
2. The Browns ___ (go) to the North China by train next week. They ___ (stay) in Beijing for a week. They ___ (go) to Xi'an. They ___ (get) there by air.
3. Some friends ___ (come) to Anne's birthday party this evening. Anne's mother ___ (be) busy ___ (get) ready for the birthday dinner. Anne ___ (help) her mother now.