臨床路徑式教學(xué)法在肝膽外科護(hù)理帶教中的應(yīng)用分析

秦爽

[摘要] 目的 研究分析肝膽外科臨床路徑式教學(xué)法在護(hù)理帶教中的應(yīng)用效果。方法 對(duì)來(lái)該院2017年11月—2018年11月肝膽外科臨床實(shí)習(xí)實(shí)習(xí)生60名進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析，隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法進(jìn)行分組，每組30例。對(duì)照組以傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)方式帶教，觀察組開展臨床路徑教學(xué)法開展帶教工作，在帶教結(jié)束后對(duì)實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)生理論知識(shí)、實(shí)踐技能、案例分析進(jìn)行考核，采用該院自制的滿意度問(wèn)卷調(diào)查表對(duì)實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)生對(duì)帶教老師的滿意度進(jìn)行打分，評(píng)價(jià)帶教效果。結(jié)果 觀察組實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)生的理論知識(shí)（92.66±2.33）分、實(shí)踐操作做（88.35±1.35）分、案例分析（91.08±3.11）分均高于對(duì)照組實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)生的理論知識(shí)（83.35±1.62）分、實(shí)踐操作做（73.00±1.81）分、案例分析（81.34±2.61）分（P<0.05）;觀察組實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)生對(duì)帶教老師的總滿意率96.7%與對(duì)照組實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)生對(duì)帶教老師的總滿意率76.7%（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 肝膽外科護(hù)理帶教開展臨床路徑教學(xué)，可有效提升實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)生的綜合水平，提高實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)生對(duì)帶教老師的滿意度，利于實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)生自主學(xué)習(xí)，具有較高的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 臨床路徑式教學(xué);肝膽外科;護(hù)理帶教;應(yīng)用效果

[中圖分類號(hào)] R-4 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1672-5654（2020）06（a）-0128-03

[Abstract] Objective To study and analyze the application effect of clinical path teaching method of hepatobiliary surgery in nursing teaching. Methods A comparative analysis was made of 60 clinical internships in liver and gallbladder surgery from November 2017 to November 2018 in our hospital. Random number tables were used to group 30 cases in each group. The clinical path teaching method was used to carry out the teaching work. After the teaching was completed， the theoretical knowledge， practical skills， and case analysis of the internship nursing students will be evaluated. The satisfaction questionnaire created by the hospital will be used to evaluate the satisfaction of the internship nursing students with the teaching teachers. Scoring and evaluating teaching effect. Results The theoretical knowledge （92.66±2.33）points， practical practice （88.35±1.35）points， and case analysis （91.08±3.11）points of the observation group's internship nurses were higher than the theoretical knowledge （83.35±1.62）points of the internship nurses in the control group. Points， practical operations （73.00±1.81）points， case analysis （81.34±2.61）points （P<0.05）; the total satisfaction rate of the internship nurses in the observation group to the instructor was 96.7%， and that in the control group of the total satisfaction rate of teachers was 76.7%（P<0.05）. Conclusion The clinical path teaching of hepatobiliary surgery nursing teaching can effectively improve the comprehensive level of internship nursing students， improve the satisfaction of internship nursing teachers， and is conducive to the independent learning of internship nursing students. It has higher application value.

[Key words] Clinical pathway teaching; Hepatobiliary surgery; Nursing teaching; Application effect

肝膽外科以肝臟、肝膽管結(jié)石、膽道惡性腫瘤、胰腺腫瘤、肝硬化等肝膽疾病治療的主要科室，在進(jìn)行肝膽外科手術(shù)治療的患者中，手術(shù)操作較復(fù)雜，引流管數(shù)量和種類較多，均需要進(jìn)行適當(dāng)護(hù)理[1]。要求肝膽外科護(hù)理人員有深厚的理論知識(shí)和護(hù)理技巧，才能提高該科室護(hù)理效果[2]。護(hù)生實(shí)習(xí)是踏入臨床的主要環(huán)節(jié)，通過(guò)實(shí)習(xí)不斷提高對(duì)臨床處置能力，臨床路徑通過(guò)確定具體實(shí)踐，嚴(yán)格操作規(guī)程，使資源得到優(yōu)化利用，從而提高優(yōu)質(zhì)護(hù)理服務(wù)[3]。臨床路徑教學(xué)為新型的臨床教學(xué)模式，教學(xué)優(yōu)勢(shì)明顯被應(yīng)用于臨床教學(xué)中，傳統(tǒng)帶教實(shí)踐和理論脫節(jié)，并且所涉及到的面較廣，增加了帶教老師的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度。傳統(tǒng)帶教護(hù)生主要為打雜跑路，親自動(dòng)手機(jī)會(huì)較少，導(dǎo)致護(hù)理知識(shí)和操作不全面。臨床路徑帶教方法規(guī)范了護(hù)理帶教的具體流程，并明確了規(guī)范化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、程序化，提高了臨床教學(xué)的系統(tǒng)性，發(fā)揮臨床路徑教學(xué)優(yōu)勢(shì)，有效彌補(bǔ)了傳統(tǒng)帶教方式的缺陷，從而有效提高臨床護(hù)理帶教質(zhì)量，利于護(hù)生與帶教老師之間的溝通。臨床護(hù)理實(shí)習(xí)是護(hù)理專業(yè)教育中的關(guān)鍵步驟，同時(shí)也是提高護(hù)生綜合能力聯(lián)系實(shí)際的部分。在肝膽外科護(hù)理帶教中引入臨床路徑式教學(xué)模式，可結(jié)合肝膽外科教學(xué)特點(diǎn)，使教學(xué)方式和目標(biāo)具體化，有效提高帶教質(zhì)量。該次于2017年11月—2018年11月選取60名護(hù)理實(shí)習(xí)，研究分析肝膽外科臨床路徑式教學(xué)法在護(hù)理帶教中的應(yīng)用效果，現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。