完形填空示例解讀

曲永華

完形填空是中考的一個(gè)重要題型，它集語(yǔ)法、詞法、句法于一體，考查學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)的綜合運(yùn)用能力。完形填空考查的要點(diǎn)一般涉及詞匯、固定搭配、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用、語(yǔ)法分析等等。

考查詞匯、短語(yǔ)固定搭配

Nowadays， lots of foreigners are learning Chinese. Like many of them， I 16 knew two words of Chinese （“Ni Hao” and “Xie Xie”） when I first came to Beijing， China in 2009. As you can guess， my life was 17 for a while after I arrived. Simple tasks like ordering food or taking a taxi were quite stressful.

I knew I had to learn more Chinese， so I 18 a Chinese class. My teacher was 19 ， although I didn’t learn enough to have ?a ?real ?conversation. Later I studied on my own as well， but my progress was still slow. And I decided to 20 . （2019·廣東·深圳）

16. A. usually B. only C. hardly

17. A. easy B. interesting C. difficult

18. A. missed B. attended C. taught

20. A. make up B. put up C. give up

16. B.考查副詞詞義。句意：像許多人一樣，我僅僅知道兩個(gè)中文詞匯。

17. C.考查形容詞詞義。句意：你能猜到，在我到達(dá)之后很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，我的生活過(guò)得都很艱難。

18. B.考查動(dòng)詞詞義。句意：因?yàn)槲抑牢冶仨殞W(xué)習(xí)中文，因此我報(bào)了一個(gè)中文班。

20. C.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)固定搭配。根據(jù)上下文可知我自己學(xué)習(xí)中文進(jìn)度很慢， 我決定放棄了。

考查語(yǔ)法分析

When a bottle is empty， it 53 as waste. You don’t know bottle glass can be made into sand and used to build streets. Rubbish 54 food can be changed into fertilizer to make plants grow better. It is cheap and safe. And other rubbish can also be used to make building blocks. Now， 55 machines are designed for that. （2019 ·四川·涼山）

53. A. will be thrown away B. will throw away

?C. threw away D. was thrown away

55. A. fewer and fewer B. less and less

?C. more and more D. more and less

53. A.考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為will be done的形式。

55. C.考查形容詞比較級(jí)用法，“比較級(jí)+and +比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越……的”。fewer and fewer越來(lái)越少的，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);less and less越來(lái)越少的，修飾不可數(shù)名詞;more and more越來(lái)越多的。結(jié)合上文，可知本句句意：現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多的機(jī)器被設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)制造積木。

考查上下文中的語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用

After school on Friday， I waited at the school gate to walk home with Jemma as usual. ...

After dinner， Mom asked， “Is Jemma coming by tomorrow？” I shrugged（聳肩） and said nothing. The next morning， Mom asked， “Today is 3 ， What are you and Jemma going to do？”...

Sitting on the sofa， I noticed a （an） 7 of kids in old-fashioned clothes on the table. Grandma pointed at a girl with short fair hair. “That’s Beth Lambert，” she said. “My best friend. Until a week before we took this photo.” （2019 ·浙江·金華）

3. A. Monday B. Friday C. Saturday D. Sunday

7. A. card B. photo C. poster D. advertisement

3. C.根據(jù)上文After school on Friday星期五放學(xué)后，以及The next morning第二天早上，可知今天應(yīng)該是星期六。

7. B.根據(jù)下文Until a week before we took this photo，可知此處指的是“照片”。

考查句型結(jié)構(gòu)

At the same time， you can help your parents 25 housework to express your thanks to them.

Go travelling. The world is a book. Those who don’t travel only read one page. Travelling is so 26 . Have you made your own travel plan？ If not， do it 27 ！ ?... They give you love， care and support all the time. Don’t 28 to spare some time to get together with them. You will find 29 great to stay with them， talking about dreams， hobbies or anything you like.（2019·黑龍江·哈爾濱）

25. A. for B. with C. to

28. A. forget B. to forget C forgetting

29. A. it B. one C. that

25. B.句型sb. help sb. with sth. 意為“在某方面幫助某人”。

28. A.祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)“Don’t +動(dòng)詞原形”意為“不要做某事”。

29. A.句型“主語(yǔ)find+it+adj.+to do sth.”意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事……”，it作形式賓語(yǔ)，to do作真正的賓語(yǔ)。

注意：做題時(shí)切勿一看到空格就急著選出一個(gè)答案，這樣往往只見(jiàn)樹(shù)木不見(jiàn)森林。缺乏全局觀念，極易導(dǎo)致連續(xù)選錯(cuò)。完形填空不同于單個(gè)句子的選詞填空，其空白處是位于一篇文章之中，因此必須縱觀全文、通篇考慮之后再選出正確答案。