陶曙光
摘要:光纖預(yù)制棒生產(chǎn)過程產(chǎn)生大量的污染物如二氧化硅粉塵和氯化氫高溫氣體。廢氣處理系統(tǒng)根據(jù)排放的污染物特點(diǎn)首先把高溫廢氣降溫,再經(jīng)過濕式靜電除塵除掉二氧化硅粉塵,最后經(jīng)過堿洗塔氫氧化鈉噴淋中和把氯化氫常溫氣體處理達(dá)標(biāo)排放。其中濕式靜電除塵的設(shè)計(jì)是整個廢氣處理系統(tǒng)中一個相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的環(huán)節(jié),濕式靜電除塵的運(yùn)行受多種因素影響,陽極管集塵面積、粉塵比電阻、氣體分布、恒流高壓直流電源、安裝精度等都會直接影響濕式靜電除塵效率。本文根據(jù)某光纖預(yù)制棒廢氣處理項(xiàng)目的運(yùn)行情況進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的討論。
關(guān)鍵詞:光纖預(yù)制棒;濕式靜電除塵;除塵效率
中圖分類號:X701.2 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A 文章編號:2095-672X(2020)03-00-02
DOI:10.16647/j.cnki.cn15-1369/X.2020.03.029
A fiber prefabricated rod exhaust gas treatment system is briefly analyzed
Tao Shuguang
(Shanghai Chaohui Ventilation and Environmental Protection Equipment Co., Ltd.,Shanghai 201400,China)
Abstract:The production of fiber prefabricated rod produces a large amount of pollutant silica dust and hydrogen chloride high temperature gas.According to the characteristics of pollutants discharged by the exhaust gas treatment system, the high-temperature exhaust gas is cooled first, then the silica dust is removed by wet electrostatic dust removal, and finally the alkaline washing tower is sprayed with sodium hydroxide and the hydrogen chloride is processed to the standard emission process.Among them, the design of wet electrostatic dedusting is a rather complicated link in the whole exhaust gas treatment system.The operation of wet electrostatic dedusting is affected by a variety of factors, such as dust collecting area of anode tube, dust ratio resistance, gas distribution, constant-current high-voltage dc power supply and installation accuracy, which will directly affect the efficiency of wet electrostatic dedusting.This paper discusses the operation of a fiber prefabricated rod waste gas treatment project.
Key words:Optical fiber preform;ESP;Collection efficiency
1 光纖預(yù)制棒生產(chǎn)與除塵相關(guān)信息
1.1 光纖預(yù)制棒生產(chǎn)工藝及廢氣特點(diǎn)
光纖行業(yè)外包層沉積母棒生產(chǎn)的火焰水解過程:通過氫氧焰中攜帶的氣態(tài)鹵化物SiCl4產(chǎn)生“粉末”逐漸地一層一層沉積而獲得初沉二氧化硅母棒。在制棒過程中會產(chǎn)生大量的二氧化硅粉塵、HCl氣體、高溫氣體。這些二氧化硅粉塵、HCl氣體必須經(jīng)過處理達(dá)到國家排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)后才能排放,不同粒徑的粉塵離子具體分布如表1所示。
光纖預(yù)制棒排放廢氣特性:
●廢氣溫度高,廢氣處理系統(tǒng)進(jìn)口達(dá)到180℃左右;
●粉塵粒徑小,0.1~1μm粒徑占總粉塵量的80%左右;
●氣體呈酸性。
1.2 濕式靜電除塵系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)
(1)風(fēng)壓適中、系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定;
(2)能夠捕捉0.1μm左右的粒徑;
(3)系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷波動對廢氣處理效率、管損影響小;
(4)利用水處理被收集的粉塵,其不受高比電阻粉塵的影響;
(5)風(fēng)量、風(fēng)壓可調(diào)、系統(tǒng)彈性大。
2 方案設(shè)計(jì)
2.1 廢氣處理流程、工藝說明
處理流程:廢氣—急冷塔—濕式靜電除塵—堿洗塔—引風(fēng)機(jī)—煙囪排放。
工藝說明:各臺光纖預(yù)制棒高溫含塵酸性廢氣通過各自的廢氣管道引入主廢氣管道,主廢氣管道中的廢氣先進(jìn)入急冷塔做降溫處理,使廢氣溫度降至80℃以下。
降溫后的廢氣再進(jìn)入濕式電除塵器做除塵處理,除去粉塵的廢氣再進(jìn)入堿洗塔吸收氯化氫氣體滿足氣體達(dá)標(biāo)排放的要求。達(dá)標(biāo)排放的氣體經(jīng)引風(fēng)機(jī)送到煙囪內(nèi)向大氣排放。
2.2 廢氣處理設(shè)備描述
2.2.1 急冷塔
考慮到廢氣既有高溫又含有酸性氣體,急冷塔需要選用耐高溫玻璃鋼材質(zhì)。俗稱碳纖維增強(qiáng)塑料(CFRP)。