羅宏麗 劉露 吳知桂
摘要:目的? 探討白藜蘆醇對弱氧化低密度脂蛋白(mmLDL)所致小鼠腸系膜動脈內(nèi)皮依賴性舒張(EDR)功能損傷的保護作用及可能機制。方法? 將50只小鼠隨機分為5組,即對照組(NS組)、mmLDL組(1 mg/kg,尾靜脈注射,q12 h)及低、中、高劑量白藜蘆醇組(Res組)(mmLDL 1 mg/kg,尾靜脈注射,q12 h+Res 20,40,80 mg/kg,腹腔注射,q12 h)。72 h后檢測各組腸系膜動脈環(huán)EDR功能及血清中NO、IL-1β、TNF-α水平和NOS活性。結(jié)果? 白藜蘆醇中、高劑量組明顯減輕mmLDL對小鼠腸系膜動脈內(nèi)皮依賴性舒張反應(yīng)的抑制, ACh 產(chǎn)生的最大舒張率(Emax)為(80.88±5.05)%、(84.92±4.82)%,與mmLDL組比較,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.01),但中、高劑量組比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05);腹腔注射白藜蘆醇后,NO途徑和EDHF途徑內(nèi)皮依賴性舒張曲線均產(chǎn)生了明顯的增強作用,Emax為(42.51±5.18)%、(47.41±5.76)%,與mmLDL組比較,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.01);mmLDL使小鼠血清中NO水平和NOS活性降低(P<0.01),炎癥因子IL-1β和TNF-α水平顯著性升高(P<0.01);給予白藜蘆醇干預(yù)后,NO水平和NOS活性顯著升高(P<0.05),IL-1β和TNF-α水平顯著降低(P<0.01)。結(jié)論? 白藜蘆醇緩解mmLDL對小鼠腸系膜動脈EDR功能的損傷呈劑量依賴性,且減弱了mmLDL損傷NO-、EDHF途徑的作用,該作用可能與促進內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞合成、釋放NO,減少炎癥因子IL-1β、TNF-α有關(guān)。
關(guān)鍵詞:白藜蘆醇;弱氧化低密度脂蛋白;小鼠;腸系膜動脈;內(nèi)皮依賴性舒張
Abstract:Objective To investigate the protective effect and possible mechanism of resveratrol on weakly oxidized low-density lipoprotein (mmLDL) -induced endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) function damage in mice mesenteric artery.Methods? 50 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, namely control group (NS group), mmLDL group (1 mg / kg, tail vein injection, q12 h) and low, medium and high dose resveratrol group (Res group) (mmLDL 1 mg / kg, tail vein injection, q12 h + Res 20, 40, 80 mg / kg, intraperitoneal injection, q12 h). After 72 h, the mesenteric artery ring EDR function, serum NO, IL-1β, TNF-α levels and NOS activity were detected in each group.Results? The resveratrol medium and high dose groups significantly reduced the inhibition of mmLDL on the mesenteric artery endothelium-dependent relaxation response in mice. The maximum relaxation rate (Emax) produced by ACh was (80.88 ± 5.05)%, (84.92 ± 4.82)%, and compared with the mmLDL group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01), but compared with the middle and high dose groups, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05); after intraperitoneal injection of resveratrol, the endothelium dependence of NO pathway and EDHF pathway the diastolic curve produced obvious enhancement effect, Emax reached (42.51 ± 5.18)%, (47.41 ± 5.76)%, compared with the mmLDL group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01); mmLDL caused the NO level in serum and NOS activity were decreased (P<0.01), the levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly increased (P<0.01); after intervention with resveratrol, NO levels and NOS activity were significantly increased (P<0.05), IL-1β and TNF-α levels were significantly reduced (P<0.01).Conclusion? Resveratrol relieves the damage of mmLDL to the mesenteric artery EDR function in a dose-dependent manner, and attenuates the effect of mmLDL on the NO- and EDHF pathways. This effect may be related to promoting endothelial cell synthesis and release of NO, and reducing the inflammatory factor IL- 1β, TNF-α related.
2.3血清中NO、IL-1β、TNF-α含量和NOS活性? mmLDL使小鼠血清中NO水平和NOS活性降低(P<0.01),炎癥因子IL-1β和TNF-α水平顯著性升高(P<0.01);給予白藜蘆醇干預(yù)后,NO水平和NOS活性顯著升高(P<0.05),IL-1β和TNF-α水平顯著降低(P<0.01),見表1。
3討論
本研究顯示白藜蘆醇能明顯對抗mmLDL所誘導(dǎo)的EDR功能的降低,并呈劑量依賴性。由于中、高劑量組對血管的舒張反應(yīng)無明顯差異,所以在研究保護機制的試驗中僅設(shè)置了中劑量組。EDR主要由NO-、PGI2-和EDHF 3條途徑構(gòu)成,既往研究已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)mmLDL對小鼠腸系膜動脈EDR的損傷主要與NO-和EDHF途徑受損有關(guān)[11],因此本研究在探究白藜蘆醇對其損傷的保護作用時也主要考察了這兩條途徑。試驗結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),腹腔注射白藜蘆醇后,NO途徑和EDHF途徑內(nèi)皮依賴性舒張曲線均產(chǎn)生了明顯的增強作用,表明白藜蘆醇的血管內(nèi)皮保護作用與這兩條途徑有關(guān)。
研究表明[12],白藜蘆醇的血管舒張作用是通過調(diào)節(jié)血管舒張劑NO和血管收縮劑血管內(nèi)皮素-1的生成,并增強NO的活性實現(xiàn)的。王召軍等[7]發(fā)現(xiàn)白藜蘆醇能呈濃度依賴性的舒張離體人肺內(nèi)小動脈,其作用機制可能與促進NO的釋放有關(guān)。Nagaoka T等[13]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),白藜蘆醇能夠通過內(nèi)皮依賴和非內(nèi)皮依賴的舒張離體豬的視網(wǎng)膜動脈,其中內(nèi)皮依賴性舒張主要通過細(xì)胞外調(diào)節(jié)蛋白激酶(extracellular signal-regulated kinase,ERK)1/2通路增加NOS活性,提高NO濃度使血管舒張。本實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),白藜蘆醇干預(yù)后,能使mmLDL降低的NO水平和NOS活性顯著升高,表明白藜蘆醇可能通過促進內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞合成、釋放NO而發(fā)揮保護mmLDL對EDR功能損傷的作用。
TNF-α屬于Th1型促炎性細(xì)胞因子,主要由巨噬細(xì)胞、成纖維細(xì)胞、白細(xì)胞等分泌,在調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)性炎癥反應(yīng)過程中發(fā)揮著重要作用[14]。IL-1β由激活的巨噬細(xì)胞分泌,是重要炎癥反應(yīng)啟動因子,通過刺激炎癥及免疫相關(guān)蛋白表達(dá),在免疫調(diào)節(jié)中發(fā)揮重要作用。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)[15],白藜蘆醇在體外能抑制IL-6基因的表達(dá)、蛋白合成和分泌,且能抑制IL-8和粒細(xì)胞-巨噬細(xì)胞集落刺激因子的釋放;在體內(nèi),可抑制由TNF-α或脂多糖刺激引起的內(nèi)皮血管細(xì)胞黏附分子-1 和細(xì)胞內(nèi)黏附分子-1 的表達(dá),從而抑制白細(xì)胞在血管壁的聚集,減輕炎癥反應(yīng),阻止組織損傷[16]。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),尾靜脈注射mmLDL后造成血清中炎癥因子IL-1β、TNF-α的含量顯著升高;而腹腔注射白藜蘆醇后,能顯著抑制mmLDL上調(diào)血清中IL-1β、TNF-α的濃度水平;表明對mmLDL所致小鼠腸系膜動脈EDR功能損傷的保護作用與減少炎癥因子IL-1β、TNF-α有關(guān)。
綜上所述, 白藜蘆醇劑量依賴性的拮抗mmLDL對血管內(nèi)皮以及內(nèi)皮依賴性舒張功能的損傷作用,減弱了mmLDL損傷NO-、EDHF途徑的作用,可能是通過促進內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞合成、釋放NO,下調(diào)炎癥因子TNF-α 和IL-1β表達(dá),緩解mmLDL對血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞和內(nèi)皮依賴性舒張功能的損傷作用。
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收稿日期:2020-01-27;修回日期:2020-02-03
編輯/肖婷婷