More Than 6,000 Fishing Boats “Ashore”

Text & photos by Chen Yong,Cai Jun,Wang Ling,Tian Yuxin & Sun Yaohua

On December 20,2019,just after daybreak,Li Jinjie,a fisherman in Shangchewan Township,Jianli County,Hubei Province,harbored his fishing boat at the Hewangmiao Pier near the watergate of the old watercourse on the Yangtze River.The family of three then busied themselves removing the fishing boat’s cape.On the same day,the fishing boat would be handed in and dismantled.

Not far from the shore,the fishermen who have completed the assessment of their fishing boats and gear were signing resettlement compensation agreements one by one.Yang Jinyong,deputy magistrate of Jianli County,patiently explained a series of measures to the fishermen involving their production and business transfer,the policies of compensation for fishing vessels and gear collection,incentive compensation for job changes,transitional living allowances,compensation for their abandonment of fishing rights,minimum living subsidies and so on.

On November 25,2019,more than 190 fishing boats sealed up in Yidu City11月25日，宜都市封存190 多艘退捕上岸的漁船。

On October 19,2019,the last batch of fishing boats in the Jiayu section of the Yangtze River Aquatic Life Reserve hoisted ashore10月19日，長江嘉魚段水生生物保護區(qū)最后一批漁船被吊起上岸。

2019年12月20日，天剛剛亮，監(jiān)利縣上車灣鎮(zhèn)漁民李金階早早把自家漁船開到何王廟長江故道閘口附近的碼頭，一家3 口在岸邊拆除漁船的斗篷。當(dāng)天，漁船要上交拆解。

岸邊不遠處，已完成漁船、漁具評估的漁民正在簽訂安置補償協(xié)議。監(jiān)利縣副縣長楊金勇向漁民介紹轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)的措施，詳細解釋漁船漁具征收補償、轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)獎勵補償、過渡期生活補助、捕撈權(quán)收回補償、最低生活補助等政策。

這一天，監(jiān)利縣在此舉行水生生物保護區(qū)漁民退捕安置和漁船拆解現(xiàn)場會，32 條漁船被當(dāng)場拆解。何王廟長江故道水域與長江自然連通，全長33 公里。2015年4月，何王廟長江江豚省級自然保護區(qū)成立后，206 戶漁民退出核心區(qū)，在緩沖區(qū)繼續(xù)進行季節(jié)性捕撈。目前，有21 頭江豚生活在何王廟長江故道水域。

按照國家部署，長江退捕禁漁分兩步走?！吧习雸觥保?019年年底前，長江流域所有水生生物保護區(qū)完成漁民退捕，全面禁止生產(chǎn)性捕撈?！跋掳雸觥保?020年年底前，長江干流及重要支流，以及大型通江湖泊完成漁民退捕，實施暫定為期10年的常年禁捕。

湖北省水產(chǎn)局介紹，湖北率先在長江流域打響保護區(qū)退捕禁漁第一槍。第一階段主要禁捕范圍是83 個水生生物保護區(qū)，退捕漁船9022 艘。截至2019年12月20日，全省回收拆解漁船6000 多艘，其他漁船基本完成退捕安置補償協(xié)議的簽訂，漁船回收拆解工作正在緊張有序進行，2019年年底前基本完成83 個水生生物保護區(qū)退捕、禁捕任務(wù)。

長江宜昌段中華鱘自然保護區(qū)全長約60 公里，從2018年1月1日起在全省率先實行常年禁捕，宜昌市5 個城區(qū)221 艘漁船當(dāng)年年底全部完成征收和漁民上岸工作，枝江市、宜都市漁船于2019年11月全部上岸。宜昌市漁政監(jiān)察支隊挑選12 名退捕漁民，組建了6 人的保護江豚志愿者隊伍和6 人的漁政協(xié)助巡護隊，重點巡護中華鱘、江豚等珍稀水生生物，協(xié)助打擊非法捕撈，配合科考性捕撈和科研監(jiān)測活動。

On November 25,2019,Yichang Municipal Fishery Administration assisting the patrolmen,who turned from fishermen to now fish-keepers,on the Yangtze River11月25日，宜昌市漁政支隊協(xié)助巡護員在長江上開展巡護工作，這些巡護員已從捕魚人變成護魚人。

On December 20,2019,the fishing boats tugged ashore for seasonal fishing in the buffer zone of Hewangmiao Finless Porpoise Reserve in Jianli County12月20日，在監(jiān)利縣何王廟江豚保護區(qū)緩沖區(qū)進行季節(jié)性捕撈的漁船被眾人拉上岸。

On the same day,Jianli County held an on-site meeting for the fishermen’s rezoning,rehousing,and dismantling of fishing boats in the Aquatic Life Conservation Zone where 32 fishing boats were dismantled on the spot.The old river course of Hewangmiao is naturally connected to the Yangtze River,with a total length of 33 kilometers.In April of 2015,after the establishment of the Yangtze River Finless Porpoise Nature Reserve at Hewangmiao,206 fishermen withdrew from the forbidden area to continue their seasonal fishing in the buffer zone.At present,21 finless porpoises live in the waters of the old course of the Yangtze River at Hewangmiao.

According to the national strategy,the fishing ban on the Yangtze River will be implemented in two stages.By the end of 2019,commercial fishing activities shall be completely banned with former fishermen coming ashore in all aquatic life conservation areas in the Yangtze River Basin; and then by the end of 2020,a temporary 10-year ban on fishing will be expanded to all natural waterways of the river,its major tributaries,as well as the large river-communicating lakes.

According to the Fisheries Bureau of Hubei Province,Hubei took the lead in imposing the fishing bans in the Yangtze River Basin.In the first stage,83 aquatic life reserves have been protected against fishing and 9,022 fishing boats were brought ashore.By December 20,2019,more than 6,000 fishing boats have been dismantled while the owners of the remaining fishing boats have signed resettlement agreements for withdrawal from fishing.As the retrieval and dismantling of fishing boats were under way,the main task of rezoning and banning fishing in 83 aquatic life reserves has been completed by the end of 2019.

The Chinese Sturgeon Nature Reserve in the Yichang section of the Yangtze River is approximately 60 kilometers in length.It was the first to implement a year-round ban on fishing in Hubei Province,starting from January 1,2018.All 221 fishing boats in five urban areas of Yichang were retrieved and the fishermen were required to be ashore by the end of the year.The fishing boats in Zhijiang and Yidu were required to come ashore in November of 2019.Yichang Municipal Fisheries Supervision Detachment selected 12 retired fishermen to form a six-person volunteer team for the protection of finless porpoises and a sixperson fishing assistance patrol,whose main duty is to patrol and protect rare aquatic life such as Chinese sturgeon and finless porpoises,assist in combating illegal fishing,and cooperate with scientific research monitoring activities.

On December 19,2019,the People’s Government of Longkou Township,Honghu City signing a compensation and resettlement agreement with the fishermen ashore12月19日，洪湖市龍口鎮(zhèn)人民政府與退捕漁民簽訂補償安置協(xié)議。

Since its establishment in July of 2018,the patrol team has patrolled more than 800 times and observed hundreds of finless porpoises.Nowadays,watching finless porpoises on the Yichang Zhixi Yangtze River Bridge has become a local tourism attraction,and the Yichang section of the Yangtze River has offered a cozy habitat for such rare aquatic creatures as Chinese sturgeons,Acipenser dabryanus,finless porpoises,and Myxocyprinus asiaticus.

The White-flag Dolphin National Nature Reserve in the Xinluo section of the Yangtze River is 135.5 kilometers in length,covering Jianli County,Honghu City,Chibi City,and Jiayu County of Hubei Province and Linxiang City of Hunan Province.The Jiayu section of the Yangtze River is 109 kilometers in length,of which 87 kilometers belong to the reserve.In late October of 2019,Jiayu County completed the task of a fishing ban in the reserve.The county retrieved and disassembled 324 fishing vessels and gears with licenses,resettled the fishermen and transferred them to other industries,and distributed transitional living subsidies.Now,the Honghu Lake section of the Yangtze River has been completely banned to fishing,255 fishermen all been brought ashore,instituting a beautiful picture of “no fishing boats on the river,no nets on the shores,and no river fish in the market.”

(Translation:Qing Run)

2018年7月成立以來，該漁政協(xié)助巡護隊共巡護800余次，觀測到江豚上百頭次，巡護里程約8000 公里。如今，在宜昌至喜長江大橋上看江豚已成為宜昌長江大保護一張靚麗名片，長江宜昌段成為中華鱘、達氏鱘、江豚、胭脂魚等珍稀水生生物的溫馨家園。

長江新螺段白鰭豚國家級自然保護區(qū)全長135.5 公里，涉及我省監(jiān)利縣、洪湖市、赤壁市、嘉魚縣和湖南臨湘市。長江嘉魚段全長109 公里，其中87 公里屬于白鰭豚保護區(qū)范圍。嘉魚縣2019年10月下旬完成保護區(qū)退捕禁漁，對持有捕撈許可證的324 條漁船漁具進行回收拆解，安置退捕漁民轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)，發(fā)放過渡期生活補貼。目前，長江洪湖段已全面禁捕，255 戶漁民全部上岸，基本實現(xiàn)“江上無漁船、岸邊無網(wǎng)具、市場無江魚”。