人際關(guān)系

吳安運(yùn)

文體概述

人際關(guān)系是指人與人之間的交往，涉及與家人、朋友、鄰居、親戚或他人的情感交流或溝通，如師生關(guān)系、父子關(guān)系、同學(xué)關(guān)系等;對(duì)他人的感謝、理解、道歉、贊揚(yáng)等;請(qǐng)求他人同意、尋求他人幫助、處理矛盾沖突等。

以下幾個(gè)具體話題值得關(guān)注：

1. 就“如何構(gòu)建和諧班集體”談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?/p>

2. 描寫你和同學(xué)們是怎樣建立起友好關(guān)系的。

3. 描寫你和父母親（老師、朋友）目前的關(guān)系。

4. 談?wù)勀憷硐胫械挠H子（師生、朋友等）關(guān)系是怎樣的。

模板范文

An ideal relationship between parents and children is very important for our growth. Parents always show love and concern for us. They are our good listeners， advisers and supporters. With their help， we can overcome many difficulties in our life.

In my opinion， the relationship between parents and children should be filled with love， care and understanding， in which parents and children show respect for each other and exchange ideas freely. To build a relationship of this kind， parents should become friends of their children while children ought to place more trust in their parents and give voice to their feelings frankly.

Only in this way can we enjoy a harmonious relationship between parents and children.

經(jīng)典句型

A good relationship between teachers and students is of great importance for our study. 良好的師生關(guān)系對(duì)我們的學(xué)習(xí)很重要。

They find it easy to communicate with their teachers. 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)和老師溝通很容易。

We should value this harmonious relation-ship between teachers and students.? 我們應(yīng)該珍惜師生之間這種和諧的關(guān)系。

Good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other. 善于傾聽使我們彼此走得更近。

To build a good relationship， we should trust in each other. 要建立良好的關(guān)系，我們應(yīng)該彼此信任。

Only in this way can we enjoy an equal relationship. 只有這樣我們才能享有平等的關(guān)系。

Being polite is the first and most important step to develop a good relationship among friends. 有禮貌是培養(yǎng)朋友間良好關(guān)系的第一步，也是最重要的一步。

We can work wonders if we unite as a family， caring for each other and helping those in need. Unity is strength. 如果我們團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，像一個(gè)大家庭一樣，彼此關(guān)心互助，我們就能夠創(chuàng)造奇跡。團(tuán)結(jié)就是力量。

典例鏈接

（2012·江蘇卷）生活中沖突時(shí)有發(fā)生。假設(shè)你班同學(xué)蘇華和李江打籃球時(shí)發(fā)生爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，導(dǎo)致關(guān)系緊張。請(qǐng)你結(jié)合此事，并根據(jù)以下提示，用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文，向?qū)W校英文報(bào)“Happy Teens”專欄投稿。

注意：

1. 對(duì)所有要點(diǎn)逐一陳述，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡(jiǎn)單翻譯;

2. 詞數(shù)150左右;開頭已經(jīng)寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);

3.作文中不得提及有關(guān)考生個(gè)人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。

Conflicts with others are common in everyday life.____________________________________________________________

【試題解讀】

1. 審題立意

這篇書面表達(dá)要求考生根據(jù)所提供的信息向校報(bào)投稿，所涉及的內(nèi)容為如何處理日常生活中的沖突，這與考生日常生活息息相關(guān)。通過(guò)寫作考生應(yīng)思考在學(xué)習(xí)、生活和娛樂(lè)過(guò)程中所遇到的沖突，學(xué)會(huì)如何理性地對(duì)待沖突，學(xué)會(huì)和他人和諧相處，從而培養(yǎng)良好的個(gè)性品質(zhì)。

寫作任務(wù)中所提供的要點(diǎn)涉及三個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容，要求考生將這些寫作要點(diǎn)逐一陳述，但表格僅提供了部分內(nèi)容，其中有不少內(nèi)容需要考生自己進(jìn)行發(fā)揮，即這是一個(gè)半開放式的寫作任務(wù)。如此設(shè)置寫作任務(wù)的目的是要考生對(duì)沖突加以思考，分析產(chǎn)生沖突的原因，想出合理的避免沖突的辦法，寬以待人，從而和別人和諧相處。

2. 寫作要點(diǎn)

①簡(jiǎn)要描述沖突的經(jīng)過(guò)：在打籃球過(guò)程中發(fā)生碰撞，然后爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。

②分析發(fā)生沖突的原因：遇事不夠冷靜、過(guò)于看重比賽、過(guò)于自私等。

③提出避免沖突的做法：以良好的心態(tài)對(duì)待運(yùn)動(dòng)或比賽，尊重自己也尊重他人，寬容地對(duì)待他人，學(xué)會(huì)體諒，保持克制和冷靜，等等。

3. 注意事項(xiàng)

①按照寫作任務(wù)應(yīng)寫全寫作要點(diǎn)，防止遺漏。

②事情經(jīng)過(guò)應(yīng)略寫，主要筆墨應(yīng)放在分析發(fā)生沖突的原因及避免沖突的做法上。

③分析產(chǎn)生沖突的原因時(shí)應(yīng)合理，不能牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)。

④談?wù)摫苊鉀_突的做法時(shí)應(yīng)切實(shí)可行。

【佳作賞析1】

Conflicts with others are common in everyday life. There is no exception in school.① A conflict between my classmates Su Hua and Li Jiang occurred during the basketball game when they both tried to catch the ball， resulting in fierce knocking. Then followed shouting and a terrible conflict at last.②

Frankly speaking， not only Su Hua but also Li Jiang was to blame. Both of them cared so much about themselves that they were only eager to win the game and just ignored others' feelings， thus not being able to stay calm.③They forgot that in competitive games， knocking is very common.

There is no escaping the fact that we may get into conflicts now and then.④ They can be avoided， though⑤. In our daily life， everyone should learn to forgive others， thinking on others' sides. Besides⑥， we should learn to respect others. In fact⑥， respecting others is respecting ourselves. Furthermore⑥， staying calm and learning self-control are of great significance.

亮點(diǎn)分析：

本篇文章全面覆蓋了題干中的所有要點(diǎn)，沒有遺漏。習(xí)作亮點(diǎn)是多個(gè)高級(jí)表達(dá)，如“There is no exception in school.”、“There is no escaping the fact that...”、so...that...狀語(yǔ)從句和thus連接的狀語(yǔ)等。though用作副詞的用法也不失為一個(gè)亮點(diǎn)。當(dāng)然，考生對(duì)于沖突產(chǎn)生的原因分析及提出的避免沖突發(fā)生的做法均合情合理，觀點(diǎn)鮮明，且不人云亦云，有其匠心之處。

①此句實(shí)際是一個(gè)過(guò)渡句，引出對(duì)“我的同學(xué)”在打籃球時(shí)發(fā)生的沖突的敘述。其中exception是一個(gè)高級(jí)詞匯。

②then放在句首后面用的是部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)為shouting and a terrible conflict。

③句中結(jié)構(gòu)為so...that...，thus為副詞，表示“這樣”，后面用的是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。

④“There is no escaping the fact that...”為一個(gè)高級(jí)句式，表示“無(wú)法逃避……”。

⑤though是我們常見的一個(gè)詞，但此處though用作副詞，而非連詞。作副詞時(shí)though常放在句末。

⑥此三個(gè)過(guò)渡詞的準(zhǔn)確使用使文章后一部分的表達(dá)流暢，內(nèi)容充實(shí)。

【佳作賞析2】

Conflicts with others are common in everyday life. It was my classmates Su Hua and Li Jiang who had a quarrel when playing basketball.①As a result②， they had difficult relationship with each other.

Who was to blame for the conflict？③ Just as the saying goes “It takes two to take a quarrel.” ④， neither of them was calm and they couldn't control themselves. They only thought about themselves. As we know， during a ball game， pulling， pushing and knocking are sometimes unavoidable and acceptable.

In fact， it's not difficult to avoid conflicts. Above all， we should learn to be considerate. Only when all of us think more about others can we get along well with them.⑤In terms of playing basketball， as long as we have a right attitude towards it， that is to say， through it we mainly exercise and enjoy ourselves， we'll not be that rude to others.⑥

亮點(diǎn)分析：

該篇書面表達(dá)能嚴(yán)格按照寫作任務(wù)的要求來(lái)展開。第一段作者重點(diǎn)說(shuō)明沖突的過(guò)程和結(jié)果;第二段以一個(gè)設(shè)問(wèn)句過(guò)渡，引出話題，重點(diǎn)分析產(chǎn)生沖突的原因;最后一段作者則以in fact過(guò)渡，給出了避免沖突發(fā)生的幾個(gè)做法。由此可見該篇習(xí)作結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，緊扣主題。其中強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句的恰當(dāng)使用使文章精彩紛呈，加之一個(gè)諺語(yǔ)的準(zhǔn)確使用更是錦上添花。

①該句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是my classmates Su Hua and Li Jiang。

②as a result“結(jié)果”，該過(guò)渡詞使用貼切。

③第二段以一個(gè)設(shè)問(wèn)句開頭，不僅起到過(guò)渡作用，還能引人入勝，從而激發(fā)讀者的閱讀興趣。

④該諺語(yǔ)意義為“一個(gè)巴掌拍不響”，它的貼切使用提升了文章的檔次。

⑤此處為一個(gè)倒裝句，only引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)（從句）放在了句首。

⑥這是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句，用in terms of“就……而言”來(lái)過(guò)渡，后面用了一個(gè)由as long as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，中間that is to say為插入語(yǔ)。該長(zhǎng)句給出了避免在籃球場(chǎng)上發(fā)生沖突的建議。

◎小試牛刀

假定你是李華，? 準(zhǔn)備參加你校英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部舉行的以“親子關(guān)系”為主題的英語(yǔ)演講比賽，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示準(zhǔn)備演講稿。

內(nèi)容提示：

1. 描述你和父母親目前的關(guān)系;

2. 談?wù)勀憷硐胫械挠H子關(guān)系是怎樣的。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100詞左右;開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Dear fellow students，

It's my great honor to be here to give a speech about relationships between parents and children.

That's all. Thank you.