如何學(xué)習(xí)才不會(huì)遺忘

景一

A common fear among students is to enter the exam room and immediately experience your brain emptying itself of every fact youve studied. To overcome this fear and really help yourself remember what youve learned， it is useful to use a wide range of study tips. You will be surprised to see how easy it can be to remember difficult concepts and multiple dates once you establish good study habits， use some active learning tips to really cement1 the information in your brain， and use memory tricks to help make remembering easier.

學(xué)生們普遍擔(dān)心的是，進(jìn)入考場后，立即體驗(yàn)到大腦一片空白、忘記所有學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容的情況。為了克服這種恐懼，真正幫助自己記住所學(xué)的東西，廣泛使用學(xué)習(xí)技巧是很有用的。一旦你養(yǎng)成了良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，使用一些有效的學(xué)習(xí)技巧來鞏固你大腦中的信息，并使用記憶技巧來幫助記憶，你會(huì)驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)記住難懂的概念和各種日期是多么容易。

Practising Active Learning 練習(xí)主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)

1 Read your materials out loud. Using multiple senses can help you retain more information， so even just saying the words out loud can be helpful. Dont worry about looking foolish reading your biology notes to your dog.

大聲朗讀你的材料。結(jié)合多種感官可以幫助你記住更多的信息，所以即使只是大聲說出來也是有幫助的。別擔(dān)心對(duì)著你的狗讀生物筆記會(huì)顯得很傻。

2 Discuss what you are learning. Similar to reading your notes out loud， talking about what you are learning can also help you retain2 the information better. You can study with a friend and quiz each other.

討論你正在學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容。與大聲朗讀筆記類似，談?wù)撃阏趯W(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容也可以幫助你更好地記住信息。你可以和朋友一起學(xué)習(xí)，互相測驗(yàn)。

3 Write out what you have to memorize. Either taking notes on what youve read or simply re-writing over and over a formula3 or concept youre trying to master can really help. You can also write out flashcards with important facts， dates， or formulas on them. This is doubly helpful， since the act of writing will help you remember， and the flashcards are a portable4 tool you can review while riding on a bus or waiting for a bus.

寫下你必須記住的東西。做筆記記下你讀過的東西，或者只是一遍又一遍地寫下你正試著掌握的公式或概念，都真的有幫助。你也可以在卡片上寫下重要的事實(shí)、日期或公式。這是雙重的幫助，因?yàn)閷懙男袨闀?huì)幫助你記憶，而抽認(rèn)卡是一種便攜式工具，你可以在乘車或等車時(shí)查看。

4 Master nemonic5 devices. These are memory tools that help you recall things such as names， dates， and facts through turning that information into a memorable rhyme6， word， or sentence. For instance， you can remember the names of the Great Lakes （Huron， Ontario， Michigan， Erie， and Superior） by remembering the word HOMES. The first letter of the name of each lake is used to create that new word.

掌握記憶工具。這些記憶工具通過將信息轉(zhuǎn)換成難忘的韻律、單詞或句子，幫助你回憶諸如姓名、日期和事實(shí)等。例如，你可以通過記住“HOMES（家）”這個(gè)詞來記住五大湖的名字（休倫湖、安大略湖、密歇根湖、伊利湖和蘇必利爾湖）。用每個(gè)湖的名字的第一個(gè)字母來創(chuàng)造出這個(gè)新單詞。

5 Create rhymes for what you are trying to remember. Rhymes are a type of mnemonic device that use audio （sound） information to help remember things. In other words， the rhymes are easily linked together for us by their sound. Try to organize the information or list of words youre trying to remember into a rhyme. Think about this classic rhyme： “In 1492， Columbus sailed the ocean blue.”

把你想記住的東西編成韻文。押韻是一種使用音頻（聲音）信息幫助記憶事物的記憶工具。換句話說，這些韻律很容易通過聲音讓我們把它們聯(lián)系在一起。試著把你想要記住的信息或單詞組織成韻文。想想這首經(jīng)典的韻文：“1492年，哥倫布在藍(lán)色海洋中航行。”

6Develop a mind map. Mind maps are diagrams or pictures you can create to help you visually organize information. They help show relationships between pieces of information so you can better understand the connections between different concepts or groups of data. By better understanding how different ideas connect together， you can better remember them and recall them at test time.

Place the main idea in the center of your mind map， and use connected branches to add related information.

You can create a mind map on paper， or with computer tools.

創(chuàng)建思維導(dǎo)圖。思維導(dǎo)圖是創(chuàng)建的幫助你直觀地組織信息的圖表或圖片。它們有助于顯示信息片段之間的關(guān)系，以便你更好地了解不同概念或數(shù)據(jù)組之間的聯(lián)系。通過更好地理解不同的觀點(diǎn)之間是如何聯(lián)系在一起的，你可以更好地記住它們，并在測試時(shí)回憶起來。

要將主題放在思維導(dǎo)圖的中心，并用分支連接添加相關(guān)信息。

你可以在紙上或者用計(jì)算機(jī)工具創(chuàng)建思維導(dǎo)圖。