在馬德里，教人畫一條小金魚

● 陸 瑤

浙江手工藝人的西班牙時間

考慮到金魚是中國特有的魚種，扇繪的手工藝老師選擇了它作為創(chuàng)作題材。然而，有趣的是，學員們對所畫的金魚產(chǎn)生質(zhì)疑：“真的有這種魚嗎？”原來，許多外國朋友并不知道金魚是什么。浙江省工藝美術(shù)大師、王星記扇業(yè)的設(shè)計師朱方華現(xiàn)場通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)，搜索出小金魚的圖片給學員看，小朋友們才恍然大悟。

西班牙的孩子現(xiàn)場學習武術(shù)。Wang Chuantu, a Chinese Wushu master, gives a training course at China Cultural Center in Madrid.

你知道在西班牙馬德里，浙江傳統(tǒng)工藝品有多受歡迎嗎？

浙江省文化館組織手工藝人等一行6人，近段時間赴西班牙首都馬德里舉辦了“匠之道——中國浙江傳統(tǒng)文化體驗工作坊”。

工作坊的項目，在當?shù)叵破鹆艘还芍袊鴤鹘y(tǒng)文化熱潮。4天時間里，主辦方累計開展了11場活動，吸引了當?shù)匕儆嗳藚⑴c。

此次活動，不僅融入了能夠代表浙江地域文化特色的杭州刺繡和浙江青瓷體驗，還精選了浙江“三雕一塑”中的甌塑、“中華老字號”王星記扇子以及中華武術(shù)等項目內(nèi)容?；顒蛹瘸浞终故玖苏憬娜宋膫鞒屑皠?chuàng)新理念，更讓參與到活動中的外國朋友深入了解并感受到中國傳統(tǒng)文化的魅力。

設(shè)在馬德里中國文化中心的工作坊現(xiàn)場，除了有好奇的當?shù)厝?，也有恰巧來玩的外國游客。一位來自美國的老太太在不少展臺前駐足，欣賞典雅大方的青瓷、細膩傳神的扇面以及獨特的甌塑作品，并仔細地向藝術(shù)家了解創(chuàng)作過程。

現(xiàn)場，每個展臺前都擠滿了學員。在武術(shù)項目區(qū)域，學員報名極其踴躍，他們中年齡最小的只有8歲，最大的有50多歲。當浙江省涉外傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)特級教練王川圖進行武術(shù)表演后，學員們紛紛鼓掌，久久不肯離開。

“西班牙的朋友很喜歡熱鬧，性格也十分熱情奔放。所以，這次在項目的選擇上，不僅注重靜態(tài)展示，更想讓西班牙的大小朋友們通過互動體驗，更進一步了解浙江文化和中國文化?！瘪R德里中國文化中心主任姚永賓表示，浙江省是中國富庶的“魚米之鄉(xiāng)”，文化多姿多彩，西湖美景、浙江刺繡蜚聲中外，希望通過此次活動讓當?shù)孛癖娏私獠Ⅲw驗浙江文化，讓中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)融入當代人的生活。

在馬德里中國文化中心現(xiàn)場教大家畫金魚。A Chinese teacher demonstrates how to paint a goldfish at China Cultural Center in Madrid.

事實上，工作坊不僅在馬德里中國文化中心開展了教學活動，還走進了坐落在馬德里城郊瓜達拉馬山上的Los Almorchones莊園，向“遙望中國·中國語言文化夏令營”的百名小朋友展示了有趣的中國傳統(tǒng)文化項目。

可以說，每位手工藝老師都是有備而來。

在刺繡互動體驗中，對于從來沒有捏過刺繡針的孩子們來說，穿線就遇到了困難。此次赴西班牙參與活動的浙江省工藝美術(shù)大師余知音，有著30多年從業(yè)經(jīng)驗。在她和志愿者的幫助下，孩子們手中的繡繃上，漸漸出現(xiàn)了像模像樣的圖案。

而王星記的扇面繪畫，也是看著容易做起來難。小朋友們在創(chuàng)作前，都先用毛筆在宣紙上練手，熟悉一下畫筆、顏料以及畫法。考慮到金魚是中國特有的魚種，扇繪的手工藝老師選擇了它作為創(chuàng)作題材。

然而，有趣的是，學員們對所畫的金魚產(chǎn)生質(zhì)疑：“真的有這種魚嗎？”原來，許多外國朋友并不知道金魚是什么。浙江省工藝美術(shù)大師、王星記扇業(yè)的設(shè)計師朱方華現(xiàn)場通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)，搜索出小金魚的圖片給學員看，小朋友們才恍然大悟，當然，畫得也比之前更歡樂了。

值得一提的是，有位在中國工作了6年的當?shù)厝?，聽說有中國文化活動項目，特別慕名而來。他在自己扇面上落款的文字是繁體字，并且他還能現(xiàn)場念出對應(yīng)的簡體字?！拔姨貏e喜歡中國文化，也學習了一些中文?！彼f，希望以后這樣的活動能夠常來馬德里。

在每場教學體驗中，夏令營負責人路西婭也和孩子們一起，認真體驗扇面繪畫項目。她說：“浙江的傳統(tǒng)文化很豐富、很有意思，我很高興孩子們能體驗這么有趣的活動。”

在此次活動的交流和對話中，浙江青瓷藝術(shù)家陳珩有一段特別的偶遇——在馬德里中國文化中心會見廳里，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了他的父親、國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)婺州窯燒制技藝代表性傳承人陳新華，多年前留在這里的一件作品。他在作品前站了很久，肅容仔細端詳。

陳珩畢業(yè)后，決定子承父業(yè)。2002年，陳珩跟隨父親陳新華學習陶藝。憑著年輕人的活躍思維，他在傳承歷史文化的同時，還積極開發(fā)婺州窯新產(chǎn)品。由他設(shè)計并開發(fā)的產(chǎn)品已有花瓶、掛盤、茶具、酒具、文具等系列，得到了專家認可。繼開發(fā)“圓韻”“龍鳳杯”等經(jīng)典婺窯系列收藏品后，他還從李清照在金華寫下的《題八詠樓》一詩中得到靈感，創(chuàng)作了“曲水流觴”及“高山流水”系列。

為了讓西班牙人感受到青瓷的魅力和趣味性，在這次活動中，陳珩特別設(shè)計了模型制作泥巴的互動課程。在他的指導(dǎo)下，參加體驗的當?shù)匦∨笥言谙嗫蛏系窨坛鲆欢涠涿利愌胖碌暮苫ā?/p>

“不同的文化碰撞，產(chǎn)生了天馬行空的想象。孩子們的作品都很有想法?！标愮癖硎?，回去后，他會把這次的體驗記錄下來，為今后的創(chuàng)作留下靈感。

Zhejiang Workshop Promotes Chinese Culture in Madrid

By Lu Yao

開幕式現(xiàn)場。A view of the opening ceremony of the Zhejiang workshop at China Cultural Center in Madrid

A group of six masters from Zhejiang held a workshop from June 30 to July 6, 2019 in Madrid, Spain. The event was organized by Zhejiang Cultural Center and jointly sponsored by the China Cultural Center in Madrid, the International Cultural Exchanges Center,and Zhejiang Administration of Culture and Tourism.

The six masters respectively represented the five traditions with Zhejiang characteristics: Hangzhou embroidery, Wangxingji paper-fan painting, Zhejiang celadon, Ou Sculpture, and Wushu.The activities were divided into demonstration, exhibition and interaction. At the China Cultural Center in Madrid, the six masters demonstrated their arts and crafts. An exhibition highlighted traditional masterpieces. The demonstration and exhibition attracted quite a few local visitors.

At the China Cultural Center, workshops were organized to introduce traditional Chinese arts and crafts to visitors. In 4 days, eleven activities were presented to showcase the charms and beauty of cultural tradition and innovation of Zhejiang.

From July 1 to 4, a summer camp was held at Los Almorchones in a suburb of Madrid where about 100 children at the ages from 7 to 12 years met the masters from Zhejiang and opened their eyes to the beauty of the ancient tradition of the province in eastern China. Moreover, the children tried their hands in interaction classes learning special techniques. The masters found it interesting to teach children.

It went without saying that the most exciting part of the event at the China Cultural Center was the Wushu course run by Wang Chuantu, a Wushu coach specialized in teaching international students. At the workshop, many people watched Wang doing some Wushu routines. Many people signed up to take a crash class from Wang. Among those who took the class were children eight years of age and some people in their 50s.

Yu Zhiyin, a provincial master of arts and crafts with over 30 years' experience in embroidery, helped the children learn how to use a needle and colorful threads to make patterns out of embroidery. With the assistance of Yu and some volunteers, the children were able to embroider on handkerchiefs.

被現(xiàn)場的“江山獅”玩偶吸引的小朋友。The Jiangshan Lion Head on display attracts attention of visitors.

觀展的外國友人對木版水印充滿興趣。A Chinese master demonstrates how to make a woodblock painting.

當?shù)赜^眾觀看富有浙江特色的民間繪畫。Two young women admire an artwork by a folk artist of Zhejiang.

跟著手工藝老師學習制作手工藝手繩。Local visitors learn from a Chinese craftswoman how to make woven artworks.

Zhu Fanghua, an artist specialized in painting on paper-fans,encountered an unexpected challenge. It was understandable that the youngsters had never used a brush-pen and never tried their hands at the traditional painting in Chinese style. The unexpected challenge was that they had never seen a goldfish,which is somehow taken for granted in China. Through an interpreter, they asked if there was really such a fish in the world.Zhu searched on his cell phone and showed the children some photos of goldfish. Seeing was believing. The children began to draw happily. Drawing on paper fans also attracted some adults.A Spanish visitor who had worked in China for six years tried his hands at drawing on a fan surface. Surprisingly, he wrote his name in traditional Chinese characters and was able to read simplified Chinese characters. He proudly said he loved Chinese culture and had learned to read and write Chinese. He hoped to see more similar events in Madrid.

For celadon master Chen Heng who graduated as a major of art history and art design from Beijing Architecture University, the trip to Madrid was exciting. At the China Cultural Center he encountered a masterpiece his father Chen Xinhua had made many years before and donated to the China Cultural Center in Madrid four years before. He stood in front of the piece, admiring and studying it for a long while. In 2002, Chen Heng began to study ceramics under the guidance of his father, an accredited master of the firing technique of Wuzhou Kiln, a national intangible cultural heritage. The junior has developed a series of new products. Over the past five years, he has spent a lot of time teaching at a college and narrating at a local porcelain museum in Jinhua and has engaged in numerous cultural exchange programs. He designed a special interaction class for young Spaniards in Madrid. He asked the youngsters to carve lotus fl owers on clay bodies. Chen Heng was surprised to find that some lotus fl owers designed and carved by youngsters were delightful and inspirational. The young master said he would examine the interaction experience more thoroughly back home in the hope that it would bene fit him in designing celadon products.