黃冬梅
摘 要:英語閱讀和語法是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語不可或缺的內(nèi)容。在英語教學(xué)過程中,教師要充分重視閱讀和語法教學(xué),合理整合改編教材,盡量把高考題型融合于平時的教學(xué)中,提高課堂教學(xué)實效性。
關(guān)鍵詞:語法教學(xué);教材整合;教學(xué)時效性
高中時期是學(xué)生英語學(xué)習(xí)生涯的重要階段,而英語閱讀和語法是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語不可或缺的內(nèi)容。在英語教學(xué)過程中,教師要充分重視閱讀和語法教學(xué),合理整合改編教材,盡量把高考題型融合于平時的教學(xué)中,提高課堂教學(xué)實效性。下面是我教學(xué)實踐中幾點嘗試,希望對從事英語教學(xué)一線教師有一定借鑒意義。
一、改編閱讀課,以高考閱讀題型設(shè)問
現(xiàn)行的北師大版的教材閱讀任務(wù)的設(shè)置大部分是閱讀回答題和正誤判斷題,在這些問題多以考查細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容或判斷有關(guān)內(nèi)容的正誤為主,設(shè)問缺乏層次性,未遵循由淺入深,循序漸進(jìn)的原則。實際上,相當(dāng)一部分學(xué)生把握不準(zhǔn)問題的內(nèi)涵和外延,在閱讀時常常出現(xiàn)以偏概全的傾向,而且這跟高考卷的多項選擇題題型設(shè)置不一樣。因此,我們在教學(xué)實踐中,應(yīng)該保留教材中較好的閱讀對答題的同時,可以適當(dāng)改編成閱讀多項選擇題,讓學(xué)生感受到教材教學(xué)與考試的聯(lián)系。例如,模塊4Unit 11 Lesson3 The Advertising Game中閱讀任務(wù)是這樣設(shè)置的:
Read the text and answer the following question
1.When does the simplest type of advertisement work?
2.Why are modern techniques of design not enough for advertisements to be noticed in modern cities?
3.What ideas do todays advertisers use to make you notice the products?
4.What has the government done during the last decade?
這四題題目設(shè)置簡單,對于一級達(dá)標(biāo)校的學(xué)生沒有挑戰(zhàn)性,這樣的閱讀效果不明顯。因此,我把閱讀任務(wù)做了整合改編。
Read the text and choose the right answer.
1.Which statement is right according the passage?
A.The simplest type of advertisement works when there is much competition.
B.People are not used to seeing high standard of visual design so modern advertisements can be noticed.
C.Today ‘s advertisements use humour,surprise and new and usual ideas in modern advertisements.
D.The government has worked hard at using public advertisements to educate the public.
2.Which one is not a public advertisement?
A.Fighting AIDS.? ? ? B.Saving water.? ? ? ? C.Helping the poor.
D. Shanghai Sewing Machine
3. whats the top advertisementsaim?
A. To create something that has never been seen before and is fascinating for people to look at.
B. To make contributions to society.
C. To use modern techniques of design.
D. To make people know their products.
4. The last paragraph is about is about_________.
A. the simplest ads B. modern ads? C. the top ads of today? ?D. public ads.
5. Whats the main idea of the text?
A. The advertising skills.? ? ? ?B. The effects of advertising.
C. With the development of the society , the advertising changes a lot.
D. The kinds of advertising.
首先,我把原先教材的閱讀任務(wù)設(shè)置成第一題的正誤的多細(xì)節(jié)選擇題,既符合高考的題型設(shè)置,又跟教材思考方向一致。1,2,3題注重學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解,4,5段落大意和文章主旨大意題考查學(xué)生的綜合理解能力。整個閱讀任務(wù)的設(shè)置與高考題型相符,能夠反映考綱對學(xué)生閱讀能力的考查,把學(xué)生的閱讀能力培養(yǎng)滲透到平時的教學(xué)過程,真正提高教學(xué)時效性。565BAB24-E58C-4B62-BC45-301E26F8074C
二、傳統(tǒng)閱讀課的語法講解
使用語法翻譯的方法和以教師講解為主教學(xué)模式過多地對語言點,語法點進(jìn)行講解,只是停留在理論講解,語言能力訓(xùn)練不足,學(xué)生雖聽得懂,真正做題的時候又不懂得應(yīng)用,理論講解與知識應(yīng)用脫節(jié)。為了解決這個問題,語法講解我做了如下嘗試:
首先,針對課文的知識點和語法點,設(shè)置了單句語法填空或者單句改錯的練習(xí),在講解課文語法前,呈現(xiàn)給學(xué)生做,激發(fā)他們的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,特別當(dāng)學(xué)生遇到不懂的題目,在語法講解時,學(xué)生學(xué)得尤其認(rèn)真,記得特別牢,改變教師講解語法時學(xué)生昏昏欲睡的狀態(tài)。例如,模塊4Unit 11 Lesson3 The Advertising Game針對課文的知識點,我設(shè)置了以下練習(xí):
語法填空:
1.Over the last decade ,the government____________________(work) hard at using advertisements to educate the public on fighting AIDS,saving water, giving up smoking,etc.
2.The top advertisers of today believe that using humour as well as new and unusual ideas to surprise people?________________ (be) important in modern advertisements.
3.Modern advertisements must stand out in a world full of competition by combining the highest standards of design with ideas_________(link) to the products to make them more attractive.
4.The information________________(consist of/make up of )what is said in the newspaper.
5.The company that________________ (consist of) 15 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.
6.The company________________?(consist of) 15 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.
7.The economics of national growth are of the greatest________________?(important) to all modern governments.
8.It has set an example to other museums in our country, most of________________seem to be still living in days gone by.
9.It has set an example to other museums in our country, and most of________________seem to be still living in days gone by.
10.I think he is likely________________ (win) the match tomorrow.
如以上練習(xí),我會按照課文的主要知識點設(shè)置了適量的練習(xí),讓學(xué)生先完成.其中,1,2,3題是課文的原句挖空改編成語法填空,把課文的知識點以考題的形式呈現(xiàn)給學(xué)生,讓學(xué)生認(rèn)識到教材的知識點是如何在考試中體現(xiàn)出來的,讓他們深切地體會到這些知識點會靠什么,怎樣考。學(xué)生改變以往課文知識點與考試無關(guān)的錯誤觀念,逐漸重視上課效率。而5,6題關(guān)于consist of知識點的設(shè)題,是定語從句和動詞ing做后置定語的區(qū)分,是學(xué)生易錯點。
通過兩個練習(xí)的對比,學(xué)生仔細(xì)觀察,破解了知識難點,提升了學(xué)生語法學(xué)習(xí)的信心和興趣。
總之,通過以上教學(xué)實踐活動,我深深地體會到了英語教學(xué)必須從學(xué)生的實際出發(fā),根據(jù)高考的需求大膽地進(jìn)行教材改編,才能真正提高英語課堂效率。
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1]北師版高中英語教材《英語必修模塊四》
[2]北師版《同步學(xué)案必修4》565BAB24-E58C-4B62-BC45-301E26F8074C