不同的紅細(xì)胞制品輸注治療兒童重型地中海貧血的不良反應(yīng)分析

陳建萍

【摘要】 目的：探究不同的紅細(xì)胞制品輸注治療兒童重型地中海貧血的不良反應(yīng)。方法：選取筆者所在醫(yī)院兒童重型地中海貧血96例，隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為A組、B組、C組。A組給予普通紅細(xì)胞輸注，B組給予年輕紅細(xì)胞輸注，C組給予去白紅細(xì)胞輸注。對(duì)比三組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況及治療前后檢測(cè)三組T細(xì)胞亞群（T3、T4、T4/T8）、自然殺傷細(xì)胞（NK）細(xì)胞活性。結(jié)果：B組、C組FNHTR、輸血性鐵過(guò)載、免疫介導(dǎo)的輸血不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率較A組低（P<0.05）;治療后B組、C組T3、T4、T4/T8、NK細(xì)胞活性較治療前高（P<0.05）;治療后B組、C組T3、T4、T4/T8、NK細(xì)胞活性較A組高（P<0.05）;輸注后B組、C組Hb提升量高于A組（P<0.05）。結(jié)論：兒童重型地中海貧血采用年輕紅細(xì)胞輸注或去白紅細(xì)胞輸注治療，可降低不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率，改善機(jī)體細(xì)胞免疫功能，提高輸注效果。

【關(guān)鍵詞】 兒童重型地中海貧血; 普通紅細(xì)胞; 去白紅細(xì)胞; 年輕紅細(xì)胞

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.06.04 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A 文章編號(hào) 1674-6805（2019）06-0-03

Analysis of Adverse Reactions in Children with Severe Thalassemia Treated with Different Red Blood Cell Products/CHEN Jianping.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research，2019，17（6）：-10

【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the adverse reactions of different red blood cell products infusion for the treatment of severe thalassemia in children.Method：Ninety-six patients with severe thalassemia in our hospital were enrolled in this study.The random number table method was divided into group A，group B and group C.Group A was given a normal red blood cell transfusion，group B was given a red blood cell transfusion，and group C was given a white blood cell infusion.The activity of the three groups of T cells （T3，T4，T4/T8） and natural killer cells （NK） were compared before and after treatment.Result：The incidence of FNHTR，transfusion iron overload and immune-mediated transfusion adverse reactions in group B and C were lower than those in group A （P<0.05）.The levels of T3，T4，T4/T8 and NK cell activities in group B and C after treatment were higher than those before treatment （P<0.05）.The levels of T3，T4，T4/T8 and NK cells in group B and group C were higher than those in group A after treatment （P<0.05）.After treatment，the increase of Hb in group B and group C was higher than that in group A （P<0.05）.Conclusion：Children with thalassemia major are treated with young red blood cell transfusion or white blood cell infusion，which can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions and improve the cellular immune function，and improve the infusion effect.

【Key words】 Children with thalassemia; Common red blood cells; White erythrocytes; Young red blood cells

First-authors address：The Frist Peoples Hospital of Honghe State，Mengzi 661100，China

地中海貧血為單基因遺傳病，為熱帶、亞熱帶地區(qū)高發(fā)疾病[1]。有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，全球攜帶地中海貧血基因人數(shù)約為2.7億，每年降生的地中海貧血患兒約10萬(wàn)[2]。我國(guó)廣西、廣東為地中海貧血高發(fā)區(qū)，有研究表明，廣東地區(qū)人群中10%以上攜帶地中海貧血基因[3]。目前，治療地中海貧血的主要方法為輸血。但長(zhǎng)期輸血可引起體內(nèi)產(chǎn)生多種輸血抗體，且存在多種并發(fā)癥[4-5]。相關(guān)研究表明，針對(duì)重型地中海貧血患兒，去白紅細(xì)胞輸注可降低減少FNHTR，降低不良反應(yīng)的發(fā)生率及免疫功能損害[6]。因此，選擇輸血反應(yīng)小、效果好、針對(duì)性強(qiáng)的紅細(xì)胞制品對(duì)兒童重型地中海貧血尤為重要。本研究選取筆者所在醫(yī)院96例兒童重型地中海貧血，分組研究不同的紅細(xì)胞制品輸注治療兒童重型地中海貧血的不良反應(yīng)，研究如下。