The Remains of the Day

By Kazuo Ishiguru

《長(zhǎng)日將盡》電影劇照

‘Look here, Stevens, it was dreadful. The ordeal（可怕的經(jīng)歷）we put you through last night.’

I paused in what I was doing and said: ‘Not at all, sir. I was only too happy to be of service.’

‘It was quite dreadful. We’d all had rather too good a dinner, I fancy. Please accept my apologies.’

‘Thank you, sir. But I am happy to assure you I was not unduly inconvenienced.’

His lordship walked over rather wearily to a leather armchair, seated himself and sighed. From my vantage point（觀察某物的有利位置）up on my ladder, I could see practically the whole of his long figure caught in the winter sunshine pouring in through the french windows and streaking（使布滿條紋，指陽(yáng)光照射）much of the room. It was, as I recall it, one of those moments that brought home how much the pressures of life had taken their toll（造成損傷）on his lordship over a relatively small number of years. His frame, always slender, had become alarmingly thin and somewhat misshapen（畸形的）, his hair prematurely white, his face strained and haggard（緊張和憔悴的）. For a while, he sat gazing out of the french windows towards the downs（有草開(kāi)闊的高地）, then said again:

‘It really was quite dreadful. But you see, Stevens, Mr Spencer had a point to prove to Sir Leonard. In fact, if it’s any consolation, you did assist in demonstrating a very important point. Sir Leonard had been talking a lot of that old-fashioned nonsense. About the will of the people being the wisest arbitrator（仲裁人）and so on. Would you believe it, Stevens?’

《長(zhǎng)日將盡》是日裔英籍小說(shuō)家石黑一雄的代表作，小說(shuō)以英式貴族府邸達(dá)林頓府為背景，圍繞男管家史蒂文斯六天駕車(chē)旅途中的回憶展開(kāi)。史蒂文斯深受英國(guó)傳統(tǒng)熏陶，極力效忠主人達(dá)林頓勛爵，在達(dá)林頓府30年的職業(yè)生涯里恪守職責(zé)、壓抑自己的感情和親情，為了不讓父親失望，為了做一名“杰出的男管家”，不惜犧牲與肯特小姐的愛(ài)情。史蒂文斯身上凝聚了英格蘭貴族家庭里男管家的傳統(tǒng)文化特征，體現(xiàn)了這一特殊職業(yè)的價(jià)值和尊嚴(yán)——盡最大努力為那些貴族紳士們提供盡可能好的服務(wù)，因?yàn)樵谒男哪恐?，這些紳士們掌握了人類(lèi)文明的命運(yùn)。

石黑一雄在這部作品中展現(xiàn)了主人公對(duì)英國(guó)貴族紳士文化的摯愛(ài)和深深眷戀。小說(shuō)的語(yǔ)言精致優(yōu)雅，感情細(xì)膩入微，對(duì)主人公的內(nèi)心刻畫(huà)入木三分，耐人尋味，讀此書(shū)猶如在淡淡的夕陽(yáng)中悠閑地品嘗濃郁的英格蘭下午茶。

本期節(jié)選了國(guó)際會(huì)議之后史蒂文斯與達(dá)林頓勛爵之間關(guān)于時(shí)政的一段對(duì)話，以及主人公對(duì)自己職業(yè)生涯的反思和職業(yè)道德的肯定，從中也可以看出達(dá)林頓對(duì)極權(quán)和專(zhuān)制的贊賞，還有對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)英國(guó)日漸興起的民主思潮的不滿和對(duì)英國(guó)前途的擔(dān)憂。

‘Indeed, sir.’

‘We’re really so slow in this country to recognize when a thing’s outmoded（過(guò)時(shí)的）. Other great nations know full well that to meet the challenges of each new age means discarding old, sometimes well-loved methods. Not so here in Britain. There’s still so many talking like Sir Leonard last night. That’s why Mr Spencer felt the need to demonstrate his point. And I tell you, Stevens, if the likes of Sir Leonard are made to wake up and think a little, then you can take it from me（我敢保證）your ordeal last night was not in vain.’

‘Indeed, sir.’

Lord Darlington gave another sigh. ‘We’re always the last, Stevens. Always the last to be clinging on to outmoded systems. But sooner or later, we’ll need to face up to the facts. Democracy is something for a bygone（過(guò)去的）era.The world’s far too complicated a place now for universal suffrage（選舉權(quán)，投票權(quán)）and such like. For endless members of parliament debating things to a standstill.All fine a few years ago perhaps, but in today’s world?What was it Mr Spencer said last night? He put it rather well.’

‘I believe, sir, he compared the present parliamentary system to a committee of the mothers’ union attempting to organize a war campaign.’

‘Exactly, Stevens. We are, quite frankly, behind the times in this country. And it’s imperative that all forward-looking people impress this on the likes of Sir Leonard.’

‘Indeed, sir.’

‘I ask you, Stevens. Here we are in the midst of a continuing crisis. I’ve seen it with my own eyes when I went north with Mr Whittaker. People are suffering.Ordinary, decent working people are suffering terribly.Germany and Italy have set their houses in order by acting.And so have the wretched（討厭的）Bolsheviks（布爾什維克，指20世紀(jì)初擁護(hù)列寧及其政治觀點(diǎn)的人）in their own way, one supposes. Even President Roosevelt, look at him, he’s not afraid to take a few bold steps on behalf of his people. But look at us here, Stevens. Year after year goes by,and nothing gets better. All we do is argue and debate and procrastinate（耽擱，延遲）. Any decent idea is amended to ineffectuality（修訂之后變成無(wú)效）by the time it’s gone half-way through the various committees it’s obliged to pass through. The few people qualified to know what’s what are talked to a standstill by ignorant people all around them.What do you make of it, Stevens?’

‘The nation does seem to be in a regrettable condition,sir.’

‘I’ll say. Look at Germany and Italy, Stevens. See what strong leadership can do if it’s allowed to act. None of this universal suffrage nonsense there. If your house is on fire, you don’t call the household into the drawing room and debate the various options for escape for an hour, do you? It may have been all very well once, but the world’s a complicated place now. The man in the street can’t be expected to know enough about politics, economics, world commerce and what have you. And why should he? In fact,you made a very good reply last night, Stevens. How did you put it? Something to the effect（大概是這個(gè)意思）that it was not in your realm? Well, why should it be?’

石黑一雄

It occurs to me in recalling these words that, of course,many of Lord Darlington’s ideas will seem today rather odd—even, at times, unattractive. But surely it cannot be denied that there is an important element of truth in these things he said to me that morning in the billiard room. Of course, it is quite absurd to expect any butler to be in a position to answer authoritatively questions of the sort Mr Spencer had put to me that night, and the claim of people like Mr Harry Smith that one’s ‘dignity’ is conditional on being able to do so can be seen for the nonsense it is. Let us establish this quite clearly: a butler’s duty is to provide good service. It is not to meddle in（攪和，插一腳）the great affairs of the nation. The fact is, such great affairs will always be beyond the understanding of those such as you and I, and those of us who wish to make our mark（揚(yáng)名，留下印記）must realize that we best do so by concentrating on what is within our realm;that is to say, by devoting our attention to providing the best possible service to those great gentlemen in whose hands the destiny of civilization truly lies. This may seem obvious, but then one can immediately think of too many instances of butlers who, for a time anyway, thought quite differently. Indeed, Mr Harry Smith’s words tonight remind me very much of the sort of misguided idealism which beset（圍繞）significant sections of our generation throughout the twenties and thirties. I refer to that strand（組成部分，方面）of opinion in the profession which suggested that any butler with serious aspirations should make it his business to be forever reappraising（重新評(píng)估）his employer—scrutinizing the latter’s motives, analyzing the implications of his views. Only in this way, so the argument ran, could one be sure one’s skills were being employed to a desirable end. Although one sympathizes to some extent with the idealism contained in such an argument, there can be little doubt that it is the result, like Mr Smith’s sentiments tonight, of misguided thinking. One need only look at the butlers who attempted to put such an approach into practice,and one will see that their careers—and in some cases they were highly promising careers—came to nothing as a direct consequence. I personally knew at least two professionals,both of some ability, who went from one employer to the next, forever dissatisfied, never settling anywhere, until they drifted from view altogether. That this should happen is not in the least surprising. For it is, in practice, simply not possible to adopt such a critical attitude towards an employer and at the same time provide good service. It is not simply that one is unlikely to be able to meet the many demands of service at the higher levels while one’s attentions are being diverted by such matters; more fundamentally, a butler who is forever attempting to formulate his own ‘strong opinions’on his employer’s affairs is bound to lack one quality essential in all good professionals: namely, loyalty. Please do not misunderstand me here; I do not refer to the mindless sort of ‘loyalty’ that mediocre（中等的，平庸的）employers bemoan（惋惜）the lack of when they find themselves unable to retain the services of high-calibre（高水準(zhǔn)的，高質(zhì)量的）professionals. Indeed, I would be among the last to advocate bestowing one’s loyalty carelessly on any lady or gentleman who happens to employ one for a time. However, if a butler is to be of any worth to anything or anybody in life, there must surely come a time when he ceases his searching; a time when he must say to himself: ‘This employer embodies all that I find noble and admirable. I will hereafter devote myself to serving him.’ This is loyalty intelligently bestowed. What is there ‘undignified’ in this? One is simply accepting an inescapable truth:that the likes of you and I will never be in a position to comprehend the great affairs of today’s world, and our best course will always be to put our trust in an employer we judge to be wise and honourable, and to devote our energies to the task of serving him to the best of our ability. Look at the likes of Mr Marshall,say, or Mr Lane—surely two of the greatest figures in our profession. Can we imagine Mr Marshall arguing with Lord Camberley over the latter’s latest dispatch（派遣）to the Foreign Office? Do we admire Mr Lane any the less because we learn he is not in the habit of challenging Sir Leonard Gray before each speech in the House of Commons? Of course we do not. What is there ‘undignified’, what is there at all culpable（應(yīng)受責(zé)備的）in such an attitude? How can one possibly be held to blame in any sense because, say,the passage of time has shown that Lord Darlington’s efforts were misguided, even foolish? Throughout the years I served him, it was he and he alone who weighed up evidence and judged it best to proceed in the way he did, while I simply confined myself, quite properly, to affairs within my own professional realm. And as far as I am concerned, I carried out my duties to the best of my abilities, indeed to a standard which many may consider ‘first rate’. It is hardly my fault if his lordship’s life and work have turned out today to look, at best, a sad waste—and it is quite illogical that I should feel any regret or shame on my own account.