楊亞楠 秦雪元 李小青 李超峰
關(guān)鍵詞: 推桿電機(jī); 閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng); 殘差觀測器; 迭代學(xué)習(xí)控制; 機(jī)電耦合; 轉(zhuǎn)速補(bǔ)償
中圖分類號(hào): TN876?34 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文章編號(hào): 1004?373X(2019)03?0119?03
Abstract: A motor′s iterative learning control method based on residual error observer was designed. The electromechanical coupling model of the transmission system was established. The iterative learning control for speed compensation is carried out under the framework of residual error generator control based on observer. Robustness and disturbance rejection performances of the motor speed control system under the influence of load disturbance are improved. The simulation results show that the control system can effectively reduce the amplitude of variation of motor speed under the influence of load disturbance, and improve the stability of the closed?loop control system.
Keywords: push rod motor; closed?loop control system; residual error observer; iterative learning control; electromechanical coupling; speed compensation
在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)需要直線驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置的過程中,通常采用 “旋轉(zhuǎn)電機(jī)+滾珠絲杠”(推桿電機(jī))的驅(qū)動(dòng)方式和直線電機(jī)的驅(qū)動(dòng)方式。相對(duì)于直接帶動(dòng)負(fù)載的直線電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)方式,推桿電機(jī)接入傳動(dòng)裝置后也能產(chǎn)生有效的推力,設(shè)計(jì)不同的傳動(dòng)裝置還能使負(fù)載獲得多角度的推力。推桿電機(jī)擁有成本低、控制性能穩(wěn)定的特點(diǎn),尤其是在低速運(yùn)行狀態(tài)下,推桿電機(jī)相比于直線電機(jī)能夠提供較大轉(zhuǎn)矩[1?2]。
推桿電機(jī)采用永磁同步直流電機(jī),其調(diào)速系統(tǒng)包括模型自適應(yīng)迭代學(xué)習(xí)控制、模糊控制、神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制、滑??刂频仍S多現(xiàn)代控制理論[3?6]。雖然上述方法能夠減少擾動(dòng)對(duì)系統(tǒng)的影響,但是部分方法對(duì)模型參數(shù)依賴性強(qiáng),且算法復(fù)雜程度高,對(duì)于工況復(fù)雜的電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng),存在大量干擾。
因此,本文結(jié)合上述文獻(xiàn)思想設(shè)計(jì)一種基于觀測器容錯(cuò)控制框架下的轉(zhuǎn)速補(bǔ)償?shù)鷮W(xué)習(xí)控制系統(tǒng),在該控制框架下,能夠?qū)崟r(shí)監(jiān)測負(fù)載擾動(dòng),產(chǎn)生殘差之后進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)速的迭代學(xué)習(xí)控制,提高了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性。系統(tǒng)仿真表明,該控制器相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)控制器具有快速性、無超調(diào)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),對(duì)負(fù)載轉(zhuǎn)矩具有較強(qiáng)的魯棒性。
本文針對(duì)推桿電機(jī)直流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)在負(fù)載擾動(dòng)下的系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)性能下降問題,設(shè)計(jì)一種殘差觀測器下電機(jī)迭代學(xué)習(xí)的控制方法。分析電機(jī)系統(tǒng)與傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的機(jī)電耦合數(shù)學(xué)模型,在基于觀測器的殘差生成器控制框架下進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)速補(bǔ)償?shù)牡鷮W(xué)習(xí)控制,這樣既不會(huì)影響閉環(huán)系統(tǒng)原有的穩(wěn)定性,又避免了單純進(jìn)行復(fù)雜的迭代學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)算。結(jié)果表明,該控制方法能有效抑制負(fù)載擾動(dòng),使系統(tǒng)獲得較好的魯棒性,控制效果優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)的PD控制器。
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