2014－2017年上海某社區(qū)糖尿病死亡特征分析

陳勇輝 吳昊 王云輝 王偉

摘 要 目的：了解轄區(qū)戶籍居民2014-2017年糖尿病死亡特征，為制定預(yù)防控制策略和措施提供依據(jù)。方法：采用描述統(tǒng)計(jì)方法計(jì)算和比較糖尿病相關(guān)的死亡率和構(gòu)成比。結(jié)果：2014-2017年上海新橋鎮(zhèn)戶籍居民糖尿病年均粗死亡率為21.55/10萬，標(biāo)化死亡率為9.50/10萬。其中，男性粗死亡率為14.36/10萬，標(biāo)化死亡率為6.88/10萬，女性粗死亡率為28.75/10萬，標(biāo)化死亡率為12.10/10萬。60歲及以上患者的死亡數(shù)開始明顯增加，文化程度以文盲及小學(xué)文化程度為主，且多為院前死亡。高血壓、惡性腫瘤和心腦血管疾病是主要伴發(fā)疾病。結(jié)論：老齡化對(duì)轄區(qū)糖尿病死亡率有較大影響，女性糖尿病死亡率高于男性。應(yīng)加強(qiáng)社區(qū)糖尿病及其并發(fā)癥的管理。

關(guān)鍵詞 糖尿??；社區(qū)；死因

中圖分類號(hào)：R587.1 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A 文章編號(hào)：1006-1533（2019）02-0045-04

Analysis of death characteristics of diabetes mellitus in a community of Shanghai from 2014 to 2017

CHEN Yonghui， WU Hao， WANG Yunhui， WANG Wei（Prevention and Health Care Department of Xinqiao Community Health Service Center of Songjiang District， Shanghai 201612， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To understand the death characteristics of diabetes among registered residents in the jurisdiction from 2014 to 2017 for providing basis for formulation of prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods： The descriptive statistical methods were used to calculate and compare the mortality and composition ratios associated with diabetes. Results： From 2014 to 2017， the average annual crude mortality rate of diabetes among registered residents in Xinqiao Community， Shanghai was 21.55/100 000， and the standardized mortality rate was 90.50/100 000. Among them， the crude mortality rate of males was 14.36/100 000， the standardized mortality rate was 68.88/100 000， the crude mortality rate of females was 28.75/100 000 and the standardized mortality rate was 12.10/100 000. The number of deaths among patients aged 60 years and older began to increase significantly； the culture was dominated by illiterate and primary school education， and most of them were pre-hospital deaths. Hypertension， malignant tumors， and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were the major concomitant diseases. Conclusion： Aging has a greater impact on the mortality rate of diabetes in the jurisdiction， and the mortality rate of diabetes in women is higher than that in men. The management of diabetes mellitus and its complications in the community should be strengthened.

KEY WORDS diabetes； community； cause of death

隨著我國社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和人們生活方式的改變，糖尿病正嚴(yán)重威脅著居民的健康，公共衛(wèi)生問題本質(zhì)日益浮現(xiàn)[1]。上海松江區(qū)新橋鎮(zhèn)位于上海市西南外環(huán)以外的城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合部，本文旨在分析該地區(qū)居民2014-2017年糖尿病相關(guān)死亡的數(shù)據(jù)，為科學(xué)制定糖尿病社區(qū)防治策略和措施提供依據(jù)。

1 資料與方法

1.1 資料來源

人口資料來自上海市公安局松江分局新橋派出所戶籍統(tǒng)計(jì)年報(bào)；死亡資料來自上海松江區(qū)衛(wèi)生與計(jì)劃生育委員會(huì)健康云平臺(tái)戶籍死亡數(shù)據(jù)庫；標(biāo)化死亡率計(jì)算采用2010年第六次全國人口普查數(shù)據(jù)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)人口。

1.2 方法

社區(qū)生命統(tǒng)計(jì)條線人員每月按照國際疾病分類（ICD-10）方法對(duì)死亡單上登記的多個(gè)死因逐項(xiàng)進(jìn)行疾病編碼，結(jié)合調(diào)查推斷，從死因鏈中摘選唯一的根本死因，由上海松江區(qū)疾病預(yù)防控制中心傷統(tǒng)科審核通過。本研究收集2014-2017年轄區(qū)戶籍居民死亡資料中所有曾涉及糖尿病疾病編碼（E10-E14.9）的死亡個(gè)案資料，計(jì)算死亡率，比較不同年齡組、文化程度、死亡地點(diǎn)的構(gòu)成及伴發(fā)死因的情況。