Ice Cream冰淇淋

景一

If the rising summer temperatures have you craving a scoop or two of ice cream， you are in luck in July. July happens to be National Ice Cream Month. The fun tradition was started in 1984 by former US president Ronald Reagan， in recognition of the treats “nutritious and wholesome qualities”.

如果夏季氣溫上升讓你想吃一兩勺冰淇淋，在七月（在美國(guó)）你就走運(yùn)了。七月恰巧是美國(guó)的冰淇淋月。美國(guó)前總統(tǒng)羅納德·里根于1984年創(chuàng)建了這項(xiàng)有趣的傳統(tǒng)，認(rèn)可這種食品的“營(yíng)養(yǎng)和有益健康的品質(zhì)”。

The origin of ice cream

There is no specific date of origin， or inventor， that has been indisputably1 credited2 with the invention of the dessert. Some attribute it to the Persians3， who made a sorbet-like treat by pouring grape juice concentrate over snow in 500 BC. The recipe is later believed to have evolved to include iced rose water， vermicelli4， saffron5， fruits， and other sweet flavors.

The first records of milk-based ice cream， made using heated fermented6 milk， flour and so on， come from Chinas Tang dynasty. However， it is the Arabs who are credited with coming up with the modern-day recipe， which lists milk and sugar as the primary ingredients， in the 9th century. By the 10th century， the delicious treat， made using milk， cream， flavored rosewater， dried fruits， and nuts， was purportedly a fixture in Baghdad， Damascus， and Cairo.

冰淇淋的起源

毫無疑問，這種甜品的發(fā)明并沒有具體的起源日期或發(fā)明者。有些人把它歸功于波斯人，在公元前500年，波斯人把葡萄汁集中倒在雪上，做成了類似冰糕的美味。后來人們認(rèn)為該配方里包括冰鎮(zhèn)玫瑰水、面條、藏紅花、水果和其他甜味調(diào)料。

關(guān)于以牛奶為基礎(chǔ)的冰淇淋的最早記錄來自中國(guó)的唐朝，它是由加熱的發(fā)酵牛奶、面粉等制成的。然而，人們認(rèn)為，阿拉伯人在9世紀(jì)發(fā)明了現(xiàn)代的冰淇淋食譜，將牛奶和糖作為主要原料。到了10世紀(jì)，據(jù)說在巴格達(dá)、大馬士革和開羅，用牛奶、奶油、調(diào)味玫瑰水、干果和堅(jiān)果制作美味已經(jīng)是一種固定的組合。

Ice cream in America

While the Europeans discovered the creamy treat in the 16th century， the first mention of the dessert in the US was not till 1744， when Maryland Governor Thomas Bladen served strawberry ice cream to guests. However， the nation has more than made up for the lost years. Americans are now the worlds largest consumers of ice cream， eating an average of 48 pints per person and spending a total of $5.47 billion annually， on the dessert. The number is even higher if restaurant sales are included. Though California produces the most ice cream， the biggest fans， on a per capita basis， reside in Washington， DC， Rhode Island， and Wisconsin.

美國(guó)的冰淇淋

歐洲人在16世紀(jì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這種乳脂狀的甜品，而在美國(guó)，直到1744年，當(dāng)馬里蘭州州長(zhǎng)托馬斯·布萊登用草莓冰淇淋招待客人時(shí)，才第一次有人提及這種甜品。然而，這個(gè)國(guó)家已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)超出彌補(bǔ)多年的損失。美國(guó)現(xiàn)在是世界上最大的冰淇淋消費(fèi)國(guó)，平均每人每年吃48品脫冰淇淋，每年在冰淇淋上總共花費(fèi)54.7億美元。如果把餐館的銷售額算在內(nèi)，這個(gè)數(shù)字甚至?xí)?。盡管加利福尼亞州生產(chǎn)的冰淇淋最多，但按人均計(jì)算，最忠實(shí)的冰淇淋粉絲在華盛頓特區(qū)、羅德島州和威斯康星州。

Most popular flavors

Though there are now over 1，000 recorded ice cream flavors worldwide， vanilla7， followed by chocolate， tops the chart of favorites almost universally. Also， while adding unusual ingredients might seem to be a modern invention， the idea is not new. A cookbook penned in 1790 had recipes for Parmesan8， ginger， and even brown bread flavored ice cream！

最受歡迎的口味

盡管目前全球有超過1000種有記載的冰淇淋口味，但香草味，其次是巧克力味，幾乎是全球最受歡迎的口味。此外，雖然添加不尋常的成分似乎是一種現(xiàn)代發(fā)明，但這種想法并不新鮮。1790年寫的一本食譜中記載有帕爾馬干酪、生姜，甚至是黑面包口味的冰淇淋！

Your favorite flavor reflects your personality

While you may think your choice of ice cream flavor is just a function of your taste preferences， Dr. Alan Hirsch， founder of the Smell & Taste Treatment and Research Foundation， believes it is a reflection of your personality. Vanilla ice cream lovers will be pleased to know that they are“impulsive， risk-takers” who are great at relationships. Love chocolate ice cream？ Then you are lively and charming. Strawberry ice cream lovers are believed to be introverts， while mint9 chocolate chip ice cream fans are ambitious and argumentative. Surprisingly， those who enjoy the multi-colored rainbow sherbet10 are labeled as pessimists11， while rocky road ice cream lovers are purportedly12 engaging speakers and good listeners.

你最喜歡的味道反映了你的個(gè)性

你也許認(rèn)為冰淇淋口味的選擇只是你的口味偏好，但“嗅覺和味覺治療和研究基金會(huì)”的創(chuàng)始人阿蘭·赫斯基博士認(rèn)為，它是你個(gè)性的反映。香草冰淇淋愛好者會(huì)樂于知道，他們是“沖動(dòng)的冒險(xiǎn)者”，善于處理人際關(guān)系。你喜歡巧克力冰淇淋嗎？那么你是活潑迷人的。草莓冰淇淋愛好者被認(rèn)為是內(nèi)向的人，而薄荷巧克力屑冰淇淋愛好者則是雄心勃勃而富有爭(zhēng)議的人。令人驚訝的是，那些喜歡多色彩虹果子露口味的人被貼上了悲觀主義者的標(biāo)簽，而石子路冰淇淋的愛好者則被認(rèn)為是有吸引力的演講者和優(yōu)秀的聽眾。