University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge is a collegiate （大學的）public research university in Cambridge,England.Founded in 1209 and granted（授予）a royal charter by King HenryⅢin 1231,Cambridge is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world and the world's third-oldest surviving university.The University grew out of an association of scholars who left the University of Oxford after a dispute（爭論）with the townspeople.The two ancient universities share many common features and are often referred to jointly（聯(lián)合地） as “Oxbridge”.

Cambridge is formed from a variety of institutions which include 31 constituent（組成的）colleges and over 100 academic departments organised into six schools.Cambridge University Press,a department of the University,is the world's oldest publishing house and the second-largest university press in the world.The University also operates eight cultural and scientific museums,including the Fitzwilliam Museum,and a botanic garden.

By 31 July 2016,the University had a total yearly income of￡1.64 billion,of which￡462 million was from research grants and contracts.The University is closely linked with the development of the high-tech business cluster（群）known as“Silicon Fen（硅沼澤，劍橋大學一個類似硅谷的科學園）”.It is a member of numerous（眾多的）associations and forms part of the“golden triangle”of leading English universities and Cambridge University Health Partners.

As of 2017,Cambridge is ranked the world's fourth best university by three ranking tables and no other institution in the world ranks in the top ten for many subjects.Cambridge is consistently ranked among the top universities in the United Kingdom.The University has educated many notable alumni（校友）,including eminent（著名的）mathematicians,scientists,politicians,lawyers,philosophers,writers,actors,and foreign heads of state.Ninety-five Nobel laureates （榮譽獲得者）,fifteen British prime ministers and ten Fields medalists have been affiliated （使隸屬）with Cambridge as students,faculty,or alumni.

譯文助讀

劍橋大學是位于英格蘭劍橋郡的一所公立研究型大學，創(chuàng)辦于1209年，并于1231年獲亨利三世國王頒發(fā)的皇家特許證。劍橋大學是英語世界里第二古老的大學，也是世界上第三所現(xiàn)存最古老的大學。劍橋大學是由一批在與牛津居民發(fā)生糾紛后離開牛津大學的學者創(chuàng)建的，這兩所古老的大學有著許多共同的特征，常常被統(tǒng)稱為“牛津劍橋”。

劍橋大學由許多機構(gòu)組成，包括31所校屬學院和100多個被分成六所學校的學術(shù)系所。劍橋大學出版社是一個校屬部門，是世界上歷史最悠久的出版社，也是世界上第二大高校出版社。劍橋大學還設有八個文化和科學博物館，包括費茨威廉博物館和一個植物園。

截至2016年7月31日，劍橋大學一年的總收入為16.4億英鎊，其中4.62億英鎊來自研究經(jīng)費和合同。劍橋大學與被稱為“硅沼澤”的高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的發(fā)展緊密相連。劍橋大學是眾多協(xié)會的成員，是英國名校及劍橋大學醫(yī)療伙伴聯(lián)盟的“金三角”一部分。

截至2017年，劍橋大學在三份排行榜里都排在世界最佳大學第四位，世界上其他教育機構(gòu)都未能在這么多的學科里進入前十。劍橋大學一直是英國頂尖大學之一。劍橋大學培養(yǎng)了許多著名校友，包括杰出的數(shù)學家、科學家、政治家、律師、哲學家、作家、演員和外國國家元首。95位諾貝爾獎獲得者、15位英國首相和10位菲爾茲獎獲得者都曾是劍橋大學的學生、教師或校友。