篤敬忠誠(chéng)力推詩(shī)書(shū)畫(huà)印

郭聞

推開(kāi)杭州國(guó)畫(huà)院院長(zhǎng)室的門(mén)，一位老者從案前抬起頭招呼：你來(lái)了。熟稔得像是我們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)了很久。其實(shí)這是我第一次拜訪書(shū)法家金鑒才。

光說(shuō)書(shū)法家其實(shí)不太確切，在書(shū)畫(huà)界，金鑒才先生被稱(chēng)為“詩(shī)書(shū)畫(huà)印”四絕奇才。當(dāng)然，他自己并不承認(rèn)這個(gè)封號(hào)，覺(jué)得并沒(méi)有達(dá)到這樣的高度。但推廣或者說(shuō)恢復(fù)詩(shī)書(shū)畫(huà)印一體的中國(guó)文化傳統(tǒng)理念，是他一生努力的方向。

這個(gè)努力，與他受老師潘天壽的影響分不開(kāi)。當(dāng)年，潘先生在浙江美院（中國(guó)美術(shù)學(xué)院前身）恢復(fù)中國(guó)畫(huà)系的時(shí)候，率先進(jìn)行中國(guó)畫(huà)分科教學(xué)，倡導(dǎo)傳統(tǒng)文化素養(yǎng)和詩(shī)書(shū)畫(huà)印“四全”，認(rèn)為“畫(huà)畫(huà)的人，不能局限于畫(huà)畫(huà)一面，對(duì)詩(shī)文、書(shū)法、畫(huà)論、畫(huà)史等等方面的學(xué)識(shí)必須很好研究。學(xué)識(shí)要博，見(jiàn)聞要廣”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“中國(guó)畫(huà)專(zhuān)業(yè)應(yīng)把詩(shī)詞、書(shū)法、篆刻等列為正式課程”。

金先生從學(xué)畫(huà)開(kāi)始至今60年，一直在堅(jiān)持這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。在無(wú)數(shù)的講座中，他總是在闡述這一觀點(diǎn)，力圖讓更多的人接受。

進(jìn)入書(shū)畫(huà)界，對(duì)于金鑒才來(lái)說(shuō)也許是個(gè)意外。16歲初中畢業(yè)的時(shí)候，因家庭困頓，他應(yīng)父親的要求報(bào)考了所需費(fèi)用不高的浙江美院附中，沒(méi)想到學(xué)習(xí)書(shū)畫(huà)用的紙張、顏料等材料費(fèi)卻讓他差點(diǎn)承受不起。幸運(yùn)的是，在這一路求學(xué)過(guò)程中，他受到周滄米、吳茀之、潘天壽、張宗祥等大家名師潛移默化的影響，憑著“咬牙再堅(jiān)持一下下”的念頭，最終得以結(jié)緣中國(guó)書(shū)畫(huà)六十載。

這六十載，不僅是金鑒才研習(xí)中國(guó)書(shū)畫(huà)的六十載，更是他系統(tǒng)鉆研中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的六十載。在他的身上，傳統(tǒng)文人的氣質(zhì)由此表現(xiàn)得十分明顯，也因此，讓我這樣初次見(jiàn)面的后生晚輩，在與他的交談中感覺(jué)如沐春風(fēng)。

但是，禮儀的周到和待人的寬厚，并不意味著對(duì)做事要求的放松，相反，我深深地覺(jué)得，老先生對(duì)待工作非常認(rèn)真，要求很高。

做事做人 一絲不茍

我去的時(shí)候，他正在為一場(chǎng)“扇里清風(fēng)，夏日送涼”公益活動(dòng)忙碌著，這是杭州國(guó)畫(huà)院美術(shù)館成立五周年的紀(jì)念活動(dòng)。按照金先生的構(gòu)想，單純的紀(jì)念活動(dòng)沒(méi)意思，像是關(guān)起門(mén)來(lái)自?shī)首詷?lè)，不如邀請(qǐng)杭城書(shū)畫(huà)家創(chuàng)作140幅扇面書(shū)畫(huà)，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)贈(zèng)送給市民。這樣既可以讓人走進(jìn)美術(shù)館，還可以讓更多人感受到中國(guó)書(shū)畫(huà)之美。

所以他對(duì)這次活動(dòng)特別重視，認(rèn)真到要了解整個(gè)活動(dòng)的每一步細(xì)節(jié)。從起始時(shí)間到活動(dòng)流程，從贈(zèng)送程序到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)秩序，他都一一過(guò)問(wèn)。4位具體操辦活動(dòng)的年輕畫(huà)師被他的一個(gè)個(gè)問(wèn)題問(wèn)得滿(mǎn)頭大汗，趕緊進(jìn)一步完善活動(dòng)預(yù)案。

這些年輕人，或者是他的學(xué)生，或者是他親手招進(jìn)畫(huà)院的畫(huà)師。要想在杭州國(guó)畫(huà)院做畫(huà)師，不是件容易的事，因?yàn)檫@所畫(huà)院很不一般。

2013年金鑒才向杭州市委、市政府的建言：作為中國(guó)畫(huà)十分發(fā)達(dá)的浙江，需要一所專(zhuān)業(yè)的中國(guó)畫(huà)院。

在古稀之年建言并主動(dòng)挑起這副顯然份量不輕的擔(dān)子，是因?yàn)?，金先生胸中始終有一團(tuán)火——完成潘天壽老師倡導(dǎo)的詩(shī)書(shū)畫(huà)印一體的遺愿；更是因?yàn)?，儒家所提倡的身體力行的士之精神，已深入金鑒才的骨髓。

畫(huà)院正堂那副“篤敬忠誠(chéng)堅(jiān)定文化自信，詩(shī)書(shū)畫(huà)印推行國(guó)藝重光”院訓(xùn)對(duì)聯(lián)，書(shū)寫(xiě)的正是金先生的心中之愿。

承載了文化傳承之擔(dān)、教化社會(huì)之責(zé)的杭州國(guó)畫(huà)院，它的體制、理念和運(yùn)行模式也與其他畫(huà)院不太相同。

與其他畫(huà)院擁有大量專(zhuān)職畫(huà)師不同，杭州國(guó)畫(huà)院不設(shè)專(zhuān)職畫(huà)師，僅有在編的5名創(chuàng)作人員，他們和工作人員一樣，都需要正常上班，且要分擔(dān)具體的行政事務(wù)工作。相較其他畫(huà)院專(zhuān)職畫(huà)師的自由，這5名創(chuàng)作人員入職之初還得全脫產(chǎn)學(xué)習(xí)一年，內(nèi)容涵蓋經(jīng)史子集等傳統(tǒng)文化的各個(gè)方面，書(shū)畫(huà)等技藝反而是其次。這正印證了潘天壽曾經(jīng)提出的“四分讀書(shū)，三分寫(xiě)字，三分畫(huà)畫(huà)”的主張。當(dāng)年，潘天壽也正是對(duì)年輕的金鑒才這么要求的，要求他“在年輕的時(shí)候多讀點(diǎn)書(shū)”。

說(shuō)起這段往事，金老爺子說(shuō)：我現(xiàn)在也是這樣要求年輕畫(huà)家的，以后這些年輕人會(huì)感謝我的。

書(shū)畫(huà)教化 贏得未來(lái)

在杭州國(guó)畫(huà)院，專(zhuān)職畫(huà)師并不意味著僅是吟詩(shī)作畫(huà)為文刻印，他們還需要承擔(dān)大量的社會(huì)活動(dòng)和事務(wù)性工作，哪怕他們其實(shí)已經(jīng)是書(shū)畫(huà)界小有名氣的中青年書(shū)畫(huà)家。比如說(shuō)具體操辦著那場(chǎng)公益活動(dòng)、不斷核算著活動(dòng)到底舉辦多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間為好的王菂，操持著辦公室日常管理的吳常青，擔(dān)任著院黨支部書(shū)記的趙天葉，是花鳥(niǎo)專(zhuān)業(yè)博士；又比如說(shuō)負(fù)責(zé)所有教學(xué)事務(wù)和創(chuàng)作培訓(xùn)中心日常工作的虞仲韋，是山水專(zhuān)業(yè)博士……

不以名為傲，不以瑣碎而煩，踏踏實(shí)實(shí)地做人做事，這便是杭州國(guó)畫(huà)院的特點(diǎn)，也是受人尊敬之處。

而由此而來(lái)的是金老爺子對(duì)大家的高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、高要求?！皳Q位思考、站到對(duì)方立場(chǎng)上去想”，是他對(duì)每一場(chǎng)活動(dòng)的要求。

自成立以來(lái)的五年里，畫(huà)院舉辦了大大小小幾十場(chǎng)主題展出；定期舉行的上百場(chǎng)國(guó)學(xué)夜校公益講座，請(qǐng)來(lái)的都是知名學(xué)者專(zhuān)家。

在求學(xué)的時(shí)候，金先生曾經(jīng)評(píng)價(jià)他的老師周滄米先生，“真算得上是爭(zhēng)奪下一代的高手”，因了周先生的不厭其煩、循循善誘，他最終愛(ài)上了中國(guó)畫(huà)。

去年，杭州國(guó)畫(huà)院特意建立了少兒畫(huà)會(huì)，通過(guò)培養(yǎng)少兒對(duì)中國(guó)畫(huà)藝術(shù)的熱愛(ài)，從小做起，提高民族的文化自信，也自存了“爭(zhēng)奪下一代”的用意。今年暑假，畫(huà)院專(zhuān)門(mén)推出了少兒書(shū)畫(huà)夏令營(yíng)。

金先生說(shuō)，我們辦夏令營(yíng)，并不是為了讓孩子在這短短的時(shí)間里能夠?qū)W到什么畫(huà)畫(huà)的技法，是為了讓他們了解什么叫中國(guó)畫(huà)，什么是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化。在這個(gè)夏令營(yíng)里，孩子們首先學(xué)的是坐姿，是禮儀，是學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度。比如寫(xiě)一次字，筆怎么放，怎么坐，寫(xiě)完怎么收拾，凳子怎么放等等。

更難能可貴的是，這樣的一個(gè)有著名師指點(diǎn)的夏令營(yíng)，是純公益性質(zhì)的，免費(fèi)。

當(dāng)社會(huì)上的各種高價(jià)培訓(xùn)班紛紛涌現(xiàn)并以“貴族”面目示人的時(shí)候，在西湖邊幽雅之地，有這么一個(gè)高雅而又真誠(chéng)的夏令營(yíng)，怎能不讓人敬服？

“藝術(shù)沾了錢(qián)，往往會(huì)變味！”老爺子言詞鏗鏘。

杭州國(guó)畫(huà)院的建立與運(yùn)行，傾注了金鑒才先生的大量心血。訪談中，他不經(jīng)意地喟嘆：5年了，我都有5年沒(méi)能靜下心來(lái)搞創(chuàng)作了。對(duì)于一位從事中國(guó)書(shū)畫(huà)創(chuàng)作、研究、教學(xué)60年的老人來(lái)說(shuō)，這有點(diǎn)無(wú)奈。然而我想，金老先生也必以杭州國(guó)畫(huà)院在知行合一上的實(shí)踐而自足吧。

Jin Jiancai is now director of Hangzhou Academy of Chinese Painting. In the circles of calligraphers and painters of Hangzhou， Jin is widely recognized as an all-round master good at poetry， calligraphy， painting， and seal-engraving. The modest calligrapher disagrees， thinking he has a long way to go and explore the beauty of traditional Chinese art. He has held fast to the notion that the traditional Chinese art requires the full integration of poetry， calligraphy， painting and seal-engraving. He has dedicated his life to the pursuit of the all-round art.

Jin attributes his life-long dedication to Pan Tianshou （1897-1971）， one of the greatest painters and art educators of China in the 20th century. Pan emphasized an all-round education for art students who majored in Chinese painting after the Department of Chinese Painting was reinstalled at Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts， which was the predecessor of the present-day China Academy of Art. “An art student should never confine himself to painting. He should master poetry， prose， and calligraphy. He should study art theories and art history. An artist must be equipped with adequate knowledge. Under Pans guidance， poetry， calligraphy， and seal art became a key part of the curriculum for art students at the department.

Jin Jiancai has held fast to this education strategy for art students and artists. In numerous lectures he has given， he has highlighted this notion.

Unlike many artists whose talent was noticed when they were young， Jin Jiancai chose art as his career by accident. Upon his graduation from junior high school， Jin Jiancai opted the affiliated middle school of Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts primarily because the school charged a very low tuition fee. Unexpectedly， he found the study at the middle school was costly because he needed to buy a lot of paper and pigments. He squeezed through and studied under many masters such as Zhou Changmi， Wu Fuzhi， Pan Tianshou， and Zhang Zongxiang.

Jin Jiancai has spent the past sixty years studying Chinese art and culture. He looks like a scholar of ancient classics： modest， knowledgeable， considerate， and dedicated.

In 2013， Jin submitted a proposal to the government of Hangzhou for establishing an academy of traditional Chinese painting. He thought Zhejiang， a province with a brilliant history of traditional art and achievement， deserved such an academy. In his 70s， he took it upon himself to serve as the first president of the academy.

Jins mission at the academy is different from similar academies across the country. An academy of traditional Chinese painting usually has a large number of full-time artists. The academy under Jins watch has only five full-time artists. When they were first inducted， they took a one-year full-time course to study Chinese classics. Jin Jiancai applied what Pan Tianshou had asked him to do to the young artists： 70% of your time must be dedicated to reading classics and practicing calligraphy and 30% for painting. “I urge them to read as intensively and extensively as possible when they are still young，” said the president. “These young artists will appreciate what I said when they are older.”

The full-time artists at the academy do not confine themselves to art. They do daily administrative work and participate in social events to promote art and support community responsibilities.

August 18 this year marked the 5th anniversary of the founding of the art gallery of the academy. Jin Jiancai did not want to hold a celebration with the artists. At his invitation， artists in Hangzhou created 140 paintings on paper fans at the art gallery. The art gallery held an exhibition and paper-fans given away as free gifts to visitors attracted the public to take a look at the beauty of Chinese art on display at the gallery. Jin supervised the preparatory work done by four young artists in order to make the event successful.

Art education is a top priority on the work agenda of the academy. Jin considers his teacher Zhou Changmi as “a model in winning young students to art” in his college years. Jin himself became an ardent art student largely because of Zhou. Now Jin Jiancai practices what his teachers did so many years ago. Over the past five years， the academy has held dozens of exhibitions and held more than 100 lectures.

In 2017， the academy set up a club for teenage artists. In 2018， the academy hosted a summer camp for children. The free-of-charge summer camp did not aim to teach pure techniques. It strived to enable children to get a general view of Chinese art and culture. At the summer camp， children learned how to behave themselves appropriately， for example， how to sit， how to handle the brush-pen， how to put away the pen and the ink， and how to clean up the schoolroom after the class was over. The academy has set a good example of running a summer camp free of charge while there are so many paid summer camps where children are taught to be “aristocratic”.

Jin Jiancai is totally dedicated to the operation of the academy. The only regret he has about himself is that he has not painted seriously over the past five years.