要點(diǎn)句型齊登場

浙江 武思奇

□句型梳理

1.The more you read,the faster you will be.

“the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”是比較級(jí)的一種特殊句型,意為“越……,就越……”,表示一方隨著另一方的變化而變化。例如：

The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越仔細(xì),犯的錯(cuò)誤就越少。

【真題鏈接】

The_______children learn to be independent,the_______it is for their future.【營口市中考題】

A.earlier;best B.earliest;best

C.earlier;better D.early;good

【答案與解析】C 本題考查“the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”形式。句意：孩子們越早學(xué)會(huì)自立,他們的將來就越好。early的比較級(jí)是earlier,good的比較級(jí)是better。故選C項(xiàng)。

2.The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time.

so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”,其中的so是副詞,后接形容詞或副詞,that通常用來引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。例如：

He was so tired that he couldn't continue working.他如此累以至于不能繼續(xù)工作了。

【拓展】such...that...

也有“如此……以至于……”的意思,但such是形容詞,后接名詞,that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。

【注意】其后所接的名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞且有形容詞修飾時(shí),用so或such要依據(jù)不定冠詞的位置而定,分別構(gòu)成“...so+形容詞 +a/an+名詞 +that...”或“...such+a/an+形容詞 +名詞 +that...”；其后所接名詞短語中的形容詞是用來表示數(shù)量多少的many,much,little,few時(shí),只能用so,其構(gòu)成句型為“...so+many/few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(或much/little+不可數(shù)名詞)+that...”。

【真題鏈接】

Huangguoshu Waterfall is_______beautiful that I want to come here again next year.【貴陽市中考題】

A.so B.too C.such

【答案與解析】A 橫線后面的詞beautiful是形容詞,用so與后面的that構(gòu)成“so...that...”句型。 句意：黃果樹瀑布是如此的美麗,以至于我明年還想來這里。

3.It is also a good idea to help parents to do something instead.

在“It's(It is)+ 名詞 +to do sth.”句型中,it是形式主語,沒有實(shí)際意義,只是為了避免句子頭重腳輕,真正的主語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式。例如：

It is a very good habit to wash hands before meals.飯前洗手是一個(gè)很好的習(xí)慣。

【鏈接】“It's(It is)+ 形容詞 +to do sth.”也是一個(gè)常用的句型,意為“做某事是……的”,it也是形式主語,真正的主語也是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式。例如：

I think it's very difficult to finish the work on time.我認(rèn)為要按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作很難。

【真題鏈接】

It's our duty_______our hometown clean and beautiful.We must do something for it.【綏化市中考題】

A.keeping B.keeps C.to keep

【答案與解析】C 根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)“It is+名詞 +to do sth.”分析,此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。

4.Excuse me,could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore？

Could you please do sth.？意為“請你做某事好嗎？”,其否定形式是在please后加not。此句型的肯定回答可用“Yes,of course./Certainly./Yes,please./Sure./All right./OK./Yes， I can.”等；否定回答可用“Sorry./Sorry,I can't./I'm afraid not.”等。 例如：

—Could you please carry this box？ 請你扛這個(gè)箱子好嗎？

—Sure.當(dāng)然可以。

【注意】此句型實(shí)際上是表示禮貌地請求,因此句型中用some/something/somebody等不定代詞,不能用any/anything/anybody等不定代詞。例如：

Couldyoupleasegivemesomethingto drink？ 請你給我一些喝的東西好嗎？

【真題鏈接】

1.—Could you please tell me how to get to the restroom？

—_______.I'm not sure how to get there.【臨沂市中考題】

A.Sorry B.OK

C.Of course D.No problem

【答案與解析】A 考查句型 “Could you please do sth.？”的答語。根據(jù)答句中后一個(gè)句子的意思“我不太確定怎樣到那兒”可知,此處應(yīng)用否定答語,即用“Sorry.”表示歉意。

2.—Would you like to go for a walk with me？

—_______.But I have to clean the living room first.【丹東市中考題】

A.Yes,I would B.No,I wouldn't

C.Sorry D.Yes,I'd love to

【答案與解析】D 考查表示請求句型“Would you like to do sth.？的答語。其肯定回答常用“Yes,I'd like/love to.”；否定回答常用“Sorry./I'd like/love to,but...”。根據(jù)答句中后一個(gè)句子的意思“但是我必須首先打掃客廳”可推知“我”愿意去散步。故選D項(xiàng)。

5.We also need to learn how to be polite when we ask for help.

how to be是“疑問詞 +動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu),作動(dòng)詞learn的賓語,可視為是賓語從句的一種簡化形式。例如：

I don't know what to talk about.=I don't know what I should talk about.我不知道該談?wù)撌裁础?/p>

【拓展】在“疑問詞 +動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中,疑問詞包括who,what,which,where,when,how等。該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中除了作賓語外,還可以作主語、表語等。

6.I used to see him reading in the library every day.

used to do sth.意為“過去常常做某事”,指的是過去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作,多用于和現(xiàn)在的情況進(jìn)行對比。例如：

I used to go to the cinema,but now I seldom go there.我過去常去看電影,但現(xiàn)在我很少去了。

【辨析】be/get/become used to doing sth.意為“習(xí)慣于做某事”。例如：

My friend is used to drinking tea,too.我的朋友也習(xí)慣喝茶。

【真題鏈接】

1.Diana used to_______to work,but now she is used to_______because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit.【江蘇泰州中考題】

A.drive;walking B.drive;walk

C.driving;walk D.driving;walking

【答案與解析】A used to do sth.表示過去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.表示習(xí)慣于做某事。

2.My grandfather_______live in the countryside,but now he_______living in the city.【牡丹江市中考題】

A.used to;used to

B.got used to;gets used to

C.used to;gets used to

【答案與解析】C used to do sth.表示過去常做某事,get used to doing sth.表示習(xí)慣于做某事。根據(jù)橫線后的live和living可知,第一個(gè)空應(yīng)填used to,第二空填gets used to。

□跟蹤檢測

Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇

1.—Many students don't know how_______with stress and have become worried.

—They'd better talk to their teachers or parents.

A.deal B.dealing

C.to deal D.dealt

2.—I'm really tired now.

—I think_______is necessary for you_______down and have a rest.

A.it;to lie B.that;to lie

C.it;lying D.that;lying

3.Could you please_______the music so loud？

A.not to play B.to not play

C.not playing D.not play

4._______you speak,_______your English will be.

A.The less;the more

B.The more;the better

C.The less;the better

D.The more;the less

5.Linda is_______kind to others_______her friends and classmates all like her very much.

A.too;to B.enough;to

C.such;that D.so;that

Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子,每空一詞

6.我不知道這個(gè)詞的意思。讓我們在詞典中查找它吧。

I don't know the meaning of this word.Let's_____________________in a dictionary.

7.天氣非常暖和,我把外套脫了。

It was_____________________day that I took off my coat.

8.你介意我坐在這里嗎？

Would you mind______________here？

(答案見64頁)