李雙全
2018年南京市高三二模考試結(jié)束了,結(jié)合筆者親自答題的過程和閱卷的體會,對二模英語試卷上的書面表達(dá)題談?wù)勛约旱囊韵聨c感受。
題目要求:
81. 請認(rèn)真閱讀下面有關(guān)“不同年齡達(dá)到不同能力巔峰”的研究結(jié)果,并根據(jù)要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章。
“At almost any given age, most of us are getting better at some things and worse at others, ” Joshua Hartshorne, an MIT cognitive science researcher and the lead author of a study looking at how intelligence changes as we age, told Business Insider.
The team behind that study quizzed thousands of people aged 10-90 on their ability to do things like remembering lists of words and recognizing faces. Their results suggest that no matter what your age, theres almost always a new peak on the horizon.
用約30個單詞概括圖表和上文的主要內(nèi)容;
用約120個單詞發(fā)表你的觀點,內(nèi)容包括:
談?wù)劇安煌挲g達(dá)到不同能力巔峰”這一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義
(至少兩點);
結(jié)合自身實際,說明如何在現(xiàn)階段把握你的優(yōu)勢。
Summary的概括和編寫:
文字材料的第二小節(jié)和圖表的全部內(nèi)容都屬于細(xì)節(jié)信息,每一個具體年齡段對應(yīng)什么樣的能力巔峰完全不該寫進(jìn)summary中,在寫summary時考生要能夠果斷地將細(xì)節(jié)信息全部排除。題目要求當(dāng)中用中文表述的“不同年齡達(dá)到不同能力巔峰”也只是個片面的概括,只有英文材料開頭引用報告的主要作者Joshua Hartshorne的話 “At almost any given age, most of us are getting better at some things and worse at others”才是對于這項研究成果的較完整的概括,但在撰寫summary時切忌照抄原文,所以考生仍需重新組織用自己的語言來表述,另外如研究對象、研究目的等方面的信息也應(yīng)涵蓋在內(nèi)。
“這一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義”指的是什么?
以往的寫作話題不外乎要么“發(fā)現(xiàn)問題-分析原因-提出解決”的邏輯三段論,要么“針對某個潮流、做法、政策等選擇支持或反對的立場并說明理由”。而此次命題的寫作要求則很是新穎別致,要求 “談?wù)劇煌挲g達(dá)到不同能力巔峰這一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義”。這個所謂“意義”,就是要求考生分析這個研究成果帶來的“影響”,可能是積極的影響或是消極的影響,也可能二者兼而有之,其實跟過去選擇立場的舊的套路沒有本質(zhì)差別。例如假如你支持一項新發(fā)明,那就需要羅列出這個新發(fā)明帶來的種種好處。
各種觀點及觀點的選擇:
筆者通過自己的思考也收集了閱卷過程中看到的考生提出的種種觀點,歸納出大概以下幾種主流的看法。
1.增強了各年齡段人們的自信,尤其給中老年人帶來了福音,因為傳統(tǒng)觀念認(rèn)為過了壯年之后,人的各項能力都隨著年齡變大而衰減。2.人們可以根據(jù)自己的年齡和對應(yīng)的能力巔峰更好地了解和發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢,實現(xiàn)成功。3.人們可以根據(jù)自己的年齡和對應(yīng)的能力巔峰去選擇自己的職業(yè)、生活方式和愛好等。4.企業(yè)和社會可以根據(jù)崗位特定的能力需求去雇傭相應(yīng)年齡段的員工。5.每個年齡段的人都有各自的優(yōu)勢,不能因為年齡而輕視任何人。
觀點1和2比較合乎邏輯。觀點3當(dāng)中選擇生活方式和愛好是可行的,但根據(jù)自己的年齡來不斷改變職業(yè)就不太現(xiàn)實,只能采用一半。同樣,觀點4中企業(yè)和社會也不可能永遠(yuǎn)保持每個崗位所有員工的年齡不變,因此不予采用。觀點5其實是從這一研究成果直觀產(chǎn)生的一個必然影響:每個人都各有所長,人們要互相尊重。
篇章結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計:
本文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)還是傳統(tǒng)的三部分。
Para 1: Summary.
Para 2: The influence of the discovery.
Para 3: My plan according to this discovery.
One possible version:
After quizzing masses of participants on different aspects of cognitive abilities, a study reveals that people are constantly reaching new peaks in some fields and meanwhile losing edges in others.
From my perspective, the significant finding is of great value. For one thing, beyond all doubt its an encouraging message especially for the middle-aged and elderly people. While conventional wisdom has it that all abilities are on the decline with the aging process, the new discovery can boost peoples confidence to continue their endeavor regardless of ages. For another thing, thanks to the new finding, people of different age groups are able to take advantage of their strengths at different ages to achieve specific goals.
As a student, I am wide awake that this is the crucial stage when I must make full preparations for my future. Fortunately, my memory is at the peak, which perfectly matches with my main task at present. Im resolved to make the most of it to earnestly acquire knowledge and master skills.