The Positioning and Educational Idea of Modern University Academy

HeYi

Abstract： Modern university academy is an innovative organization for talent cultivation. Different forms of organizations reflect different positioing， behind which are different educational ideas.

From the perspective of organization classification， modern university academies can be divided into conceptual organizations， cultural organizations， educational organizations， student management organizations， top-notch talent cultivation compound teaching organizations and others. As a conceptual organization， the educational idea of the academy or the academy motto reflects the core thoughts and the goal direction of the Academy organizers， which is the value guide for the development of the Academy； as a cultural organization， the academy abandoned the administrative functionalities； as an educational organization， the academy helps provide students with all-round development beyond professional education； as a student management organization， the academy undertakes the specific duties of student education and management； as a compound teaching organization for top-notch talent cultivation， the academy aims to explore the cultivation of outstanding talents under the conditions of the popularization of higher education.

As a carrier of university education， the academy， its organizational structure is the embodiment of university education concept in practice. In general， the current academy education is mainly influenced by some education concepts such as liberal education， general education， personality education， elite education and formative education. The residential college system of British classical university is the practice of liberal education concept. In each historical period， the residential college system of British classical university has always retained the essence of free education， and achieved the excellence of the British undergraduate education. Based on the idea of liberal education in British residential colleges， America residential colleges integrate the characteristics of American democratization and explores the concept of general education with local characteristics. The University academy which pursues the ideal of general education， is represented by Harvard University， Yale University and Fudan University in our country. At present， many high-level universities in our country adhere to the idea of elite education， and carry out the reform of the training mode of college talents with various characteristics. They select the students to stay in the Academy， maintain the small scale of the Academy， and develop relatively personalized training programs. Concerned about moral individual， paying attention to personality education is a distinctive feature of our ancient academies. The modern university cultivates high-quality talent with all-round development of character， intelligence， physique and aesthetics， which is highly consistent with that of the ancient academies focusing on students' personality， conduct and morality. The formative education focuses on education and cultivation of people's thinking， character， personality， habit， survival skills and ability to practice. Most local colleges and universities in China carry out formative education， strengthen their daily behavior management， and make up for their deficiencies in student management， so as to improve the quality of talent cultivation.

The educational idea is the rational understanding and subjective requirement of "education as it ought to be" developed by main entities of education in educational practice and educational thinking. The educational philosophy of the academy is inherently consistent with the concept of the university. However， the educational philosophy of the academy is influenced by history， reality， social needs and other factors， resulting in a lack of a unified mode of education. The educational philosophy of the college determines the positioning of the college. At present， the university academies of China are generally positioned as the student education management organizations. This positioning reflects the institutional constraints that the college education should be fully integrated into the talent cultivation system. The ideas of college education should be integrated into the talent cultivation system， need to establish a flat organization， which is relatively independent from and coordinated with the university management system； needs to highlight the students' guiding role， weakening the education and management of students. College educational ideas are also internalized into educational practice. At the same time， we should actively explore a new path to college talent cultivation， and consciously promote the theoretical and practical innovation of the academy education.

Key words： modern university academy； the educational idea； liberal education； general education； positioning