江蘇 張祥美
Hi,everybody!I’m“neither...nor...”,人們叫我“既不……也不……”,我有兩個(gè)鄰居:“左鄰”either...or...和“右舍”both...and...。大家想進(jìn)一步了解我們嗎?
●neither...nor...
neither...nor...作連詞,意為“既不……也不……”,連接兩個(gè)性質(zhì)相同的詞或短語,表示否定意義。
1.neither...nor...可以連接兩個(gè)并列主語,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與nor后的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。例如:
Neither my parents nor I was at home yesterday.昨天我和我的父母都不在家。
2.neither...nor...可以連接兩個(gè)并列的賓語。例如:
She likes neither butter nor cheese.她既不喜歡黃油也不喜歡乳酪。
3.neither...nor...可以連接兩個(gè)并列的表語。例如:
The young man is neither too tall nor too fat.那個(gè)年輕人既不太高也不太胖。
4.neither...nor...可以連接兩個(gè)并列的謂語。例如:
He neither speaks French nor understands it.他既不會(huì)講法語,也聽不懂法語。
●either...or...
“左鄰”either...or...,意為“或者……或者……;不是……就是……”,是表示選擇的并列連詞,可連接兩個(gè)并列部分。
1.either...or...連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上與鄰近的主語保持一致。例如:
Either you or I am right.不是你對(duì),就是我對(duì)。
2.對(duì)either...or...的句型進(jìn)行否定,把它直接替換成neither...nor...就可以。例如:
Either you or I am going to cook supper tonight.不是你就是我今晚要做晚飯。
→Neither you nor I am going to cook supper tonight.你和我今晚都不做晚飯。
3.把含either...or...的句型改為一般疑問句,be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞的形式要與either后面的主語保持一致。例如:
Either you or she has a cat.不是你就是她有一只貓。
→Do either you or she have a cat?是你還是她養(yǎng)了一只貓?
Either Tony or Peter has a new watch.不是托尼就是彼特有一塊新手表。
→Does either Tony or Peter have a new watch?是托尼還是彼特有一塊新手表?
●both...and...
“右舍”both...and...意為“兩個(gè)都;既……又……”,表達(dá)的內(nèi)容與neither...nor...相反。
1.當(dāng)both...and...連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
Both Millie and Sandy were there.米麗和桑迪都在那兒。
2.both...and...可連接兩個(gè)性質(zhì)相同的動(dòng)詞作謂語的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
She can both sing and dance.她既會(huì)唱歌又會(huì)跳舞。
3.both...and...可連接兩個(gè)性質(zhì)相同的名詞或代詞作賓語的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
He can speak both English and Japanese.他既能講英語,又能講日語。
4.both...and...的否定句,可用neither...nor...來代替。連接的兩個(gè)部分若是名詞,可以是單數(shù),也可以是復(fù)數(shù)。例如:
Both she and Linda were pleased with the girl.她和琳達(dá)都喜歡這個(gè)女孩。
→Neither she nor Linda was pleased with the girl.她和琳達(dá)都不喜歡這個(gè)女孩。
I know both the man and the woman.我既認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)男人,也認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)婦女。
→I know neither the man nor the woman.我既不認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)男人,也不認(rèn)識(shí)那婦女。
1.—My parents are crazy about Running Man.How about your parents?
—______my dad______my mom likes it.They prefer The Reader.【2017·西寧中考題】
A.Neither;nor B.Both;and
C.Either;or D.Not only;but also
【答案與解析】A neither...nor...意為“既不……也不……”;both...and...意為“兩個(gè)都……”;either...or...意為“或者……或者……”;not only...but also...意為“不僅……而且……”。根據(jù)答語可知,他們倆都不喜歡《跑男》,故排除B、C、D三項(xiàng)。
2.I have only two tickets of Kong Fu._______you_______he can go with me.【2016·邵陽中考題】
A.Either;or B.Neither;nor C.Both;and
【答案與解析】A 根據(jù)“I have only two tickets of Kong Fu.”可推測(cè),下一句的意思應(yīng)該是“或者你或者他能和我一起去”。
3.—Alice,how do your parents like pop music?
—_______my dad_______my mom likes it.But they both prefer Beijing Opera.【2016·荊門中考題】
A.Either;or B.Neither;nor
C.Not only;but also D.Both;and
【答案與解析】B 根據(jù)答語中后一分句的句意“但是他們兩個(gè)都喜歡京劇”可推斷,答語中前一分句的意思是“我爸爸和我媽媽都不喜歡流行音樂”。表示“既不……也不……”,應(yīng)用連詞neither...nor...。
4.—What would you like to have for supper?
—Either noodles or rice_____OK.I don’t mind.【2015·安順中考題】
A.are B.were C.is D.was
【答案與解析】C either...or...連接兩個(gè)名詞作主語時(shí),句子的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與鄰近的主語保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。鄰近的主語是不可數(shù)名詞rice,因此謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。
5.Neither Tony nor I_______interested in playing Weibo. 【2015·六盤水中考題】
A.am B.is C.are D.be
【答案與解析】A neither...nor...連接兩個(gè)主語Tony和I,謂語動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)與nor后面的主語I保持一致。
一、用 neither...nor...、either...or...或 both...and...填空,完成下列句子。
1.______Dad_______Mum areEnglish teachers.
2._______Dad______Mum is at home today.I must look after my little sister.
3.My grandma’s hobby is______cooking______watching TV.It’s square dancing.
4.When the girl is happy,she______sings______dances.
二、按括號(hào)里的要求,改寫下列句子。
1.In the program tonight Mary will both sing and dance.(改為否定句)
In the program tonight Mary will_______sing______dance.
2.Either you or I am going there this evening.(改為一般疑問句)
________either you or I_______there this evening?
3.Neither Jack nor Ann is living in the building.(改為肯定句)
________Jack_______Ann_______living in the building.