王 穎,易 坤
(沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué) 建筑與土木工程學(xué)院,沈陽 110870)
鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)及鋼結(jié)構(gòu)單層單跨框架力學(xué)性能分析*
王 穎,易 坤
(沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué) 建筑與土木工程學(xué)院,沈陽 110870)
鋼管混凝土柱;空鋼管柱;框架;工字鋼梁;外加強(qiáng)環(huán);節(jié)點(diǎn);有限元;力學(xué)性能
在本文中工字鋼梁的鋼材采用簡化的兩段線模型,適用于低碳鋼,彈性模量為206 GPa,泊松比為0.262,其雙直線模型如圖1所示.
圖1 雙直線模型Fig.1 Double linear model
核心區(qū)混凝土受到方鋼管柱的約束,其塑性能力得到提高,故普通混凝土單軸應(yīng)力應(yīng)變曲線無法反映出核心混凝土塑性性能的提升.為了充分考慮方鋼管柱對核心區(qū)混凝土的約束效應(yīng),本文采用劉威[5]提出的核心區(qū)混凝土本構(gòu)模型,如圖2所示.劉威在譚清華等[6]提出的混凝土本構(gòu)模型的基礎(chǔ)上對其峰值和下降段進(jìn)行了修改,使其更加適用于有限元分析,其應(yīng)力應(yīng)變關(guān)系的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為
(1)
圖2 核心約束混凝土應(yīng)力應(yīng)變曲線Fig.2 Stress-strain curve of core confined concrete
圖3 方鋼管混凝土柱鋼梁框架模型尺寸Fig.3 Model dimensions of concrete filled square steel tube column-I beam frame
本文中鋼管混凝土框架試驗(yàn)邊界條件和荷載的施加形式明確,柱腳固接,兩柱頂施加軸向荷載,工字鋼梁端右側(cè)施加水平循環(huán)荷載.在有限元計(jì)算模擬中,對方鋼管柱腳采取嵌固的邊界條件,加勁板底部同樣采用嵌固邊界,由于只有柱頂板和底板限制了核心混凝土的軸向位移,所以核心混凝土的邊界僅需約束其軸向位移即可.在荷載施加的過程中,梁端右側(cè)水平循環(huán)荷載的加載過程采用位移加載控制,加載歷程如圖5所示,其中,Δ/Δy為試驗(yàn)過程中模型的位移值與模型屈服位移的比值.
圖4 方鋼管混凝土柱鋼梁框架模型及模型單元?jiǎng)澐諪ig.4 Model and model unit division for concrete filled square steel tube column-I beam frame
圖5 加載歷程Fig.5 Loading history
圖6 有限元計(jì)算和試驗(yàn)滯回曲線Fig.6 Hysteresis loops from finite element calculation and experiment
通過滯回曲線得到的骨架曲線如圖7所示.
圖7 數(shù)值模擬所得骨架曲線Fig.7 Skeleton curve obtained from numerical simulation
本文參考文獻(xiàn)[8]中確定鋼管混凝土柱屈服點(diǎn)的方法,根據(jù)骨架曲線來確定框架結(jié)構(gòu)水平承載力.試件水平承載力計(jì)算結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的比較如表1所示,其中,Pu2/Pue為鋼管混凝土模型極限水平荷載模擬值與試驗(yàn)值的比值.
表1 水平承載力計(jì)算結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的比較Tab.1 Comparison between calculated and experimental results of horizontal bearing capacity
表2 粘滯阻尼系數(shù)和能量耗散系數(shù)對比Tab.2 Comparison between viscous damping coefficient and energy dissipation factors
圖8 兩種框架結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)力云圖Fig.8 Stress nephograms of two frame structures
由圖8可知,塑性鉸只出現(xiàn)在工字鋼梁端部環(huán)板外側(cè)和柱腳加勁板上方,而節(jié)點(diǎn)區(qū)鋼管柱壁在加載過程中始終處于彈性階段,表明采用外加強(qiáng)環(huán)連接節(jié)點(diǎn)的兩種框架結(jié)構(gòu)均滿足“強(qiáng)節(jié)點(diǎn)、弱構(gòu)件”的抗震設(shè)防要求.
圖9 兩種框架結(jié)構(gòu)荷載位移曲線Fig.9 Load-displacement curves of two frame structures
圖10 兩種框架結(jié)構(gòu)的骨架曲線Fig.10 Skeleton curves of two frame structures
圖11 兩種框架結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)度退化曲線Fig.11 Strength degradation curves of two frame structures
剛度退化的定義參照《建筑抗震試驗(yàn)方法規(guī)程》(JGJ/T101-2015),同級變形下的割線剛度表達(dá)式為
(2)
式中:Ki為割線剛度;+pi,-pi為第i次正、反向峰值點(diǎn)的荷載值;+xi,-xi為第i次正、反向峰值點(diǎn)的位移值.
圖12 兩種框架結(jié)構(gòu)的剛度退化曲線Fig.12 Stiffness degradation curves of two frame structures
3) 有限元模擬分析得到的兩種框架結(jié)構(gòu)的滯回曲線、骨架曲線均未出現(xiàn)明顯的下降段,這是由于試驗(yàn)中的最終破壞為方鋼管柱腳的焊縫開裂導(dǎo)致框架結(jié)構(gòu)的承載力降低.而在有限元計(jì)算分析中,方鋼管柱作為一整體建立模型,忽略了鋼材焊縫的缺陷,故未產(chǎn)生試驗(yàn)分析中明顯的下降段曲線.
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Analysisonmechanicalpropertiesofconcretefilledsteeltubeandsteelstructureswithsinglestoryandsinglespanframe
WANG Ying, YI Kun
(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China)
In order to compare and analyze the mechanical properties of two frame structures including both concrete filled square steel tube column-I beam and hollow square steel tube column-I beam frame structures, the full-scale modeling the above-mentioned two frame structures were carried out with the finite element software, and the nonlinear finite element calculation and analysis were completed.The results show that the calculated results agree well with the experimental data, which verifies the reliability of the established model.In addition, the hysteretic curves of two frame structures are in plump spindle-shape without obvious pinch phenomenon.Furthermore, the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity at the beam ends of concrete filled square steel tube column-I beam frame structure is higher than that of hollow square steel tube column-I beam frame structure.
concrete filled steel tube column; hollow steel tube column; frame; I-beam; external strong ring; joint; finite element; mechanical property
2016-06-28.
日本高校合作基金資助項(xiàng)目(201367025).
王 穎(1975-),女,遼寧丹東人,副教授,博士,主要從事鋼混組合結(jié)構(gòu)和工程抗震防災(zāi)等方面的研究.
* 本文已于2017-10-25 21∶13在中國知網(wǎng)優(yōu)先數(shù)字出版.網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版地址:http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/21.1189.T.20171025.2113.036.html
10.7688/j.issn.1000-1646.2018.01.21
TU 398.9
A
1000-1646(2018)01-0115-06
鐘 媛 英文審校:尹淑英)