王慶山+梁艷萍
摘 要:針對高壓感應(yīng)電動機轉(zhuǎn)子斜槽在工藝上的困難,提出了在定子上采用斜槽結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計方法。建立求解定子斜槽高壓感應(yīng)電動機的三維非線性瞬態(tài)場數(shù)學(xué)模型。通過對電機進行三維實體建模,并采用基于T,ψ-ψ電磁位對的三維有限元法對定子斜槽的高壓感應(yīng)電動機額定工況進行分析計算。分析了定子斜槽后電機基波磁場和齒諧波磁場沿軸向的分布情況,并研究了斜槽對主要齒諧波磁場的削弱作用,進一步對比分析了斜槽與直槽額定工況下主要性能參數(shù),計算結(jié)果表明,定子斜槽高壓感應(yīng)電動機電氣性能優(yōu)于直槽電機,并大幅降低了齒諧波。
關(guān)鍵詞:高壓感應(yīng)電動機;定子斜槽;三維有限元法;三維磁場;性能分析
DOI:10.15938/j.jhust.2017.03.015
中圖分類號: TM343
文獻標志碼: A
文章編號: 1007-2683(2017)03-0085-05
Abstract:In view of the difficulties on technology of rotor chute in high voltage induction motor, the design method adopted stator chute structure is put forward. The mathematical model of three dimensional nonlinear transient field for solving stator chute in high voltage induction motor is set up. Through the three dimensional entity model of motor, three dimensional finite element method based on T,ψ-ψ electromagnetic potential is adopted for the analysis and calculation of stator chute in high voltage induction motor under rated condition. The distributions along axial of fundamental wave magnetic field and tooth harmonic wave magnetic field are analyzed after stator chute, and the weakening effects on main tooth harmonic magnetic field are researched. Further more, the comparison analysis of main performance parameters of chute and straight slot is carried out under rated condition. The results show that the electrical performance of stator chute is better than that of straight slot in high voltage induction motor, and the tooth harmonic has been sharply decreased.
Keywords:high voltage induction motor;stator chute; three dimensional finite element method; three dimensional finite magnetic field; performance analysis
從表3中可以看出,定子采用斜槽后定子相電流增加,這是因為在定子采用斜槽后定轉(zhuǎn)子在空間錯開一定角度使定轉(zhuǎn)子間互感降低,為得到相同氣隙磁密需要更大的定子相電流與之匹配的緣故;采用斜槽后,大幅降低了諧波幅值,從而降低了諧波銅耗,電流略有增加,導(dǎo)致定轉(zhuǎn)子總銅耗降低了0.92 kW;定轉(zhuǎn)子總鐵耗下降約32.9%,根據(jù)式(8)可知,斜槽時定子基波磁密與齒諧波磁密幅值降低,因此鐵耗隨之降低;采用斜槽后,由于降低了銅耗和鐵耗,使效率增大了0.02%,功率因數(shù)增大了0.1%。
4 結(jié) 論
本文以一臺7700kW高壓感應(yīng)電動機為例,采用基于T,ψ-ψ電磁位對的三維有限元法對定子斜槽的高壓感應(yīng)電動機額定工況進行分析計算。主要結(jié)論如下:
1) 定子斜槽改變了電機內(nèi)磁場分布規(guī)律,使電機內(nèi)軸向磁場在各個截面不同?;ù艌觯◤较?、切向)磁密幅值沿軸向逐漸增大,定轉(zhuǎn)子主要齒諧波磁密幅值沿軸向無明顯分布規(guī)律,主要是由斜槽時諧波磁場沿軸向的相位移動大小引起。與直槽相比,大幅降低了齒諧波磁密幅值,對改善由氣隙磁場引起的振動和噪聲有很好的作用。
2) 斜槽對降低鐵耗有顯著作用,降低幅度達到32.9%,定轉(zhuǎn)子總銅耗降低了0.92kW;由于降低了損耗,使效率增大0.02%,功率因數(shù)增大了0.1%。
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(編輯:溫澤宇)