中國(guó)高鐵技術(shù)

中國(guó)高鐵技術(shù)

·編者按·

由中國(guó)鐵路總公司牽頭組織研制、具有完全自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)、達(dá)到世界先進(jìn)水平的中國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)動(dòng)車(chē)組于 2017年6月25日被正式命名為“復(fù)興號(hào)”。

“復(fù)興號(hào)”從 2012年開(kāi)始研發(fā)，2014年完成方案設(shè)計(jì)，2015年下線，2017年正式亮相。大量采用了中國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、中國(guó)鐵路總公司企業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在254項(xiàng)重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中，中國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)占84%。此外，“復(fù)興號(hào)”整體設(shè)計(jì)以及車(chē)體、轉(zhuǎn)向架、牽引、制動(dòng)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)都是中國(guó)自主研發(fā)，具有完全自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)?！皬?fù)興號(hào)”中國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)動(dòng)車(chē)組構(gòu)建了體系完整、結(jié)構(gòu)合理、先進(jìn)科學(xué)的高速動(dòng)車(chē)組技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系，標(biāo)志著我國(guó)高速動(dòng)車(chē)組技術(shù)全面實(shí)現(xiàn)自主化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化和系列化，極大增強(qiáng)了我國(guó)高鐵的國(guó)際話語(yǔ)權(quán)和核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。未來(lái)，還將在“復(fù)興號(hào)”中國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)動(dòng)車(chē)組平臺(tái)基礎(chǔ)上，圍繞安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)、舒適、節(jié)能、人性化等方面持續(xù)開(kāi)展科技創(chuàng)新，研制不同速度等級(jí)、適應(yīng)不同環(huán)境需求的自主化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化動(dòng)車(chē)組系列產(chǎn)品，更好地滿足市場(chǎng)需求，為人民群眾出行提供更多的選擇。

“復(fù)興號(hào)”CR 400系列動(dòng)車(chē)組的成功研制和投入運(yùn)用，對(duì)于我國(guó)全面系統(tǒng)掌握高鐵核心技術(shù)、加快高鐵“走出去”具有重要戰(zhàn)略意義。

本專題得到專家繆炳榮教授（西南交通大學(xué)牽引動(dòng)力國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室）、姜博教授（東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院）的大力支持。

·熱點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)排行·

截至2017年6月26日，中國(guó)知網(wǎng)（CNKI）和Web of Science（WoS）的數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告顯示，以“高速鐵路（high speed railway）”“高速列車(chē)（high speed train）”“動(dòng)車(chē)組（Electric Multiple Units, EMU）”期刊文獻(xiàn)分別為8225條與2065條，本專題將相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)按照：研究機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)文數(shù)、作者發(fā)文數(shù)、期刊發(fā)文數(shù)、被引用頻次進(jìn)行排行，結(jié)果如下。

研究機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（CNKI）

研究機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（WoS）

作者發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（CNKI）

作者發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（WoS）

作者發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（CNKI）

作者發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（WoS）

期刊發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（CNKI）

期刊發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（WoS）

根據(jù)中國(guó)知網(wǎng)（CNKI）數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告，以“高速鐵路（high speed railway）”“高速列車(chē)（high speed train）”“動(dòng)車(chē)組（Electric Multiple Units, EMU）”為詞條可以檢索到的高被引論文排行結(jié)果如下。

國(guó)內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)高被引論文排行

根據(jù)中國(guó)知網(wǎng)（CNKI）數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告，以“高速鐵路（high speed railway）”“高速列車(chē)（high speed train）”“動(dòng)車(chē)組（Electric Multiple Units, EMU）”為詞條可以檢索到的高被引論文排行結(jié)果如下。

國(guó)外數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)高被引論文排行

·經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)推薦·

基于Web of Science檢索結(jié)果，利用Histcite軟件選取 LCS（Local Citation Score，本地引用次數(shù)）TOP50文獻(xiàn)作為節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析，得到本領(lǐng)域推薦的經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)如下。

本領(lǐng)域經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)

來(lái)源出版物：IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2012, 30(4): 675-683

Challenges toward wireless communications for high-speed railway

Ai, Bo; Cheng, Xiang; Kuerner, Thomas; et al.

Abstract:High-speed railway (HSR) brings convenience to peoples’ lives and is generally considered as one of the most sustainable developments for ground transportation.One of the important parts of HSR construction is the signaling system, which is also called the “operation control system,” where wireless communications play a key role in the transmission of train control data. We discuss in detail the main differences in scientific research for wireless communications between the HSR operation scenarios and the conventional public land mobile scenarios. The latest research progress in wireless channel modeling in viaducts, cuttings, and tunnels scenarios are discussed. The characteristics of nonstationary channel and the line-of-sight (LOS) sparse and LOS multiple-inputmultiple-output channels, which are the typical channels in HSR scenarios, are analyzed. Some novel concepts such as composite transportation and key challenging techniques such as train-to-train communication, vacuum maglev train techniques, the security for HSR, and the fifth-generation wireless communications related techniques for future HSR development for safer, more comfortable, and more secure HSR operation are also discussed.

Keywords:channel modeling; composite transportation;cuttings and tunnels; high-speed railway (HSR); operation control system; train control data; viaducts

來(lái)源出版物：IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2014, 15(5): 2143-2158

High-speed railway lines on soft ground: Dynamic behaviour at critical train speed

Madshus, C; Kaynia, AM

Abstract:Results from instrumented test runs with a high-speed train on a soft soil site in Sweden are presented.It is shown that large dynamic amplifications appear in the dynamic response of the rail/embankment/ground system as the train speed approaches an apparently critical value.The measured dynamic response is analyzed in detail, and it is shown that the critical speed is controlled by the minimum phase velocity of the first Rayleigh mode of the soil and embankment profile at the site. Moreover, it is shown that the critical speed and the amount of dynamic amplification also depend on a coincidence between characteristic wavelengths for the site and the distances between bogies and axles in the train. The displacement response is found to consist of a speed-independent portion in quasi-static equilibrium with the train loads and a dynamic portion representing freely propagating Rayleigh waves. An efficient computer code for the prediction of ground response to high-speed trains has been developed and its ability to reproduce the observed behaviour is demonstrated.

來(lái)源出版物：Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2000, 231(3):689-701

Position-based modeling for wireless channel on high-speed railway under a viaduct at 2.35 GHz

Liu, Liu; Tao, Cheng; Qiu, Jiahui; et al.

Abstract:This paper presents a novel and practical study on the position-based radio propagation channel for High-Speed Railway by performing extensive measurements at 2.35 GHz in China. The specification on the path loss model is developed. In particular, small scale fading properties such as K-factor, Doppler frequency feature and time delay spread are parameterized, which show dynamic variances depending on the train location and the transceiver separation. Finally, the statistical positionbased channel models are firstly established to characterize the High-Speed Railway channel, which significantly promotes the evaluation and verification of wireless communications in relative scenarios.

Keywords:high-speed railway; position-based wireless channel; path loss; K-factor; doppler frequency; time dispersion

來(lái)源出版物：IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2012, 30(4): 834-845

Recent development of design and construction of medium and long span high-speed railway bridges in China

Hu, Nan; Dai, Gonglian; Yan, Bin; et al.

Abstract:Medium- and long-span bridges of the high-speed rail (HSR) projects play a significant role when crossing certain obstacles, such as rivers, existing highways, etc.This paper provides a state-of-the-art review on the design practice of these special spans in the HSR projects of China. Given standard spans are usually smaller than 100 m,special spans can be divided into two categories by the length of main span: medium length (100-200 m) and large length (200-500 m). For medium length, three structural forms are discussed as feasible design options, including steel arch, rigid frame and hybrid arch-girder. In addition,recently completed long-span bridges are reviewed to feature several innovative structural forms on the HSR of China, including steel truss arches and cable-stayed bridges with truss girder. Finally, the key technical features of long-span HSR bridges are summarized, and a discussion of the feasibility of longer spans is also included.

Keywords:high-speed rail; bridges; design; construction;medium-span; long-span

來(lái)源出版物：Engineering Structures, 2014, 74: 233-241

Distributed antenna systems for mobile communications in high speed trains

Wang, Jiangzhou; Zhu, Huiling; Gomes, Nathan J

With the deployment of high speed train(HST) systems increasing worldwide and their popularity with travelers growing, providing broadband wireless communications (BWC) in HSTs is becoming crucial. In this paper, a tutorial is presented on recent research into BWC provision for HSTs. The basic HST BWC network architecture is described. Two potential cellular architectures, microcells and distributed antenna systems(DASs) based cells, are introduced. In particular, the DAS is discussed in conjunction with radio over fiber (RoF)technology for BWC for HSTs. The technical challenges in providing DAS-based BWC for HSTs, such as handoff and RoF are discussed and outlined.

microcells; distributed antenna systems;handoff; high speed train; mobile communications; radio over fiber