□ 文/本刊記者 黎敏
立體交通連點(diǎn)成線,南寧樞紐聯(lián)結(jié)“一帶一路”
□ 文/本刊記者 黎敏
在中國廣西民族大學(xué)讀研的越南留學(xué)生郭氏云英每次從南寧回越南河內(nèi),都需要坐近10個(gè)小時(shí)的大巴,一路舟車勞頓,多少有些疲憊。但隨著南寧至憑祥高鐵的籌建,未來,“郭氏云英們”的回國路將更加便捷、舒適。
根據(jù)2017年4月中國南寧市印發(fā)的南寧市綜合交通運(yùn)輸發(fā)展“十三五”規(guī)劃顯示,接下來南寧市將加快建設(shè)包括南寧至憑祥高鐵在內(nèi)的多條陸路通道,并提質(zhì)升級(jí)水路、航空等立體交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
南寧市立足交通互聯(lián)互通,打造區(qū)域性綜合交通樞紐城市,亦符合《北部灣城市群發(fā)展規(guī)劃》(以下簡稱《規(guī)劃》)的要求?!兑?guī)劃》在“深化海陸雙向合作開放”篇章指出,北部灣城市群要以深度參與中國—東盟合作為基點(diǎn),主動(dòng)融入“一帶一路”建設(shè)和全球經(jīng)濟(jì)體系,要拓展海上開放通道,建設(shè)陸路南向、北向開放通道,提升開放平臺(tái)作用,推動(dòng)經(jīng)貿(mào)合作升級(jí),擴(kuò)大科技人文交流。
“連點(diǎn)成線、通南達(dá)北、承東聯(lián)西”,近年來,南寧市正以扎扎實(shí)實(shí)的交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),寫好“開放”的大文章。
南寧四通八達(dá)的城市交通
南寧吳圩機(jī)場跑道上正在起飛的泰國客機(jī)
2016年12月28日,隨著D4201次列車緩緩駛離南寧東站并奔向“彩云之鄉(xiāng)”云南,云桂鐵路在人們的期待中終于迎來了正式通車運(yùn)營,也翻開了兩地從通途到高速往來的新篇章,從此兩地旅程時(shí)間縮短至最快4小時(shí)。
就在云桂鐵路正式通車運(yùn)營的前兩年,南寧市還迎來了南廣(南寧—廣州)高鐵正式建成通車,南寧到廣州已建成最快3小時(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)圈。而同期,南寧火車東站也同步啟動(dòng),開始擔(dān)負(fù)起連接廣東、廣西、貴州(粵桂黔)的樞紐作用。自此,廣西,特別是南寧市作為中國西南中南地區(qū)東聯(lián)南下、出海通邊大通道的作用進(jìn)一步顯現(xiàn),開放發(fā)展的步伐進(jìn)一步加快。
據(jù)南寧火車站負(fù)責(zé)人介紹,南寧東站有南廣、湘桂、廣西沿海、云桂等多條快速鐵路在此交會(huì)。東站與原有的南寧火車站一起,將逐漸構(gòu)成中國西南鐵路網(wǎng)中重要的地域性樞紐,成為中國西南地區(qū)重要的出海通道節(jié)點(diǎn)和中國面向東盟的重要鐵路樞紐。
通過各條高鐵線路連點(diǎn)成線,廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)4市已形成以南寧為中心的1小時(shí)高鐵經(jīng)濟(jì)圈?,F(xiàn)如今,不少來自東盟國家的客商在參加完每年在南寧舉辦的中國—東盟博覽會(huì)后,都有時(shí)間到廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)其他城市參觀考察、洽談合作。這在無形中帶動(dòng)了北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)沿海城市的產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展,激活了城市旅游潛力,提升了廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)出海通道的地位。
同樣是在2016年,南寧市的空中網(wǎng)絡(luò)也得到完善。2016年8月11日,隨著中國南寧—文萊斯里巴加灣的國際航線正式開通,至此,南寧機(jī)場與全部東盟國家實(shí)現(xiàn)了通航,期盼已久的“東盟國家通”空中網(wǎng)絡(luò)格局就此形成。
可以說南寧市在構(gòu)建面向中國—東盟合作的區(qū)域性國際城市方面,已經(jīng)夯實(shí)了基礎(chǔ)。而隨著2017年《北部灣城市群發(fā)展規(guī)劃》的發(fā)布,南寧市在建設(shè)“一帶一路”開放通道和平臺(tái)、深度參與中國—東盟合作、加強(qiáng)中國國內(nèi)區(qū)域協(xié)作上又將有哪些新的動(dòng)作呢?
作為古代絲綢之路陸路重要通道的中國寧夏,距離南寧有2300多公里;南寧距離東南亞國家(越南)最近的距離是350公里,從里程的數(shù)字中我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn),無論古今,絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶與21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路都有一定地理上的距離。但隨著中國建設(shè)“一帶一路”倡議的提出,兩條線路沿線國家與地區(qū)的交流正在日益密切,提升沿線國家往來的便利性成為新的訴求。
廣西作為中國唯一與東盟國家海陸相連的省區(qū),具有聯(lián)結(jié)絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶與21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路的優(yōu)勢。在廣西“十三五”規(guī)劃中,陸路方面,廣西將以南寧為樞紐,重點(diǎn)建設(shè)南寧至貴陽、重慶、成都、西安、蘭州、烏魯木齊等中國國內(nèi)城市,聯(lián)結(jié)絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶的北上通道;南寧至越南、老撾、柬埔寨、泰國、馬來西亞、新加坡等中南半島國家,聯(lián)結(jié)21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路的南下通道。特別是加強(qiáng)與越南重要路網(wǎng)口岸的對(duì)接,暢通瓶頸路段,從而推動(dòng)形成銜接“一帶一路”的南北陸路新通道。
南寧市作為廣西的首府以及廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)的核心城市,銜接“一帶一路”既是光榮的使命,也是其自身發(fā)展的機(jī)遇。乘著“一帶一路”建設(shè)及《規(guī)劃》發(fā)布的東風(fēng),南寧市將在“十三五”期間,建設(shè)五象火車站和南寧北站;加快推進(jìn)貴南高鐵、南寧至憑祥高鐵建設(shè);實(shí)施既有客運(yùn)專線達(dá)速改造?;拘纬梢阅蠈帪橹行牡摹?2310”高鐵經(jīng)濟(jì)圈,即1小時(shí)通達(dá)南寧周邊城市,2小時(shí)通達(dá)廣西設(shè)區(qū)市,3小時(shí)通達(dá)周邊省會(huì)城市,10小時(shí)左右通達(dá)中國國內(nèi)主要中心城市。屆時(shí),廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)6市的聯(lián)系將更為緊密,北部灣城市群之間的互動(dòng)也將更為頻繁。
同時(shí),南寧市還將完善出區(qū)、出海、通口岸的高速公路主通道網(wǎng)絡(luò),建設(shè)南柳第二高速等,形成以南寧為中心的“一環(huán)六射三橫一縱”的高速公路網(wǎng)絡(luò)。到2020年,南寧市公路總里程要達(dá)到1.3萬公里,高速公路總里程達(dá)到1000公里。
依托北部灣城市群的聯(lián)動(dòng)發(fā)展,南寧在水道航運(yùn)上,將全面提升連接珠江—西江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶主要城市黃金水道的航運(yùn)能力。加快推進(jìn)南寧港牛灣、六景、橫縣和隆安等港口、碼頭、作業(yè)區(qū)建設(shè),實(shí)現(xiàn)2020年南寧港總吞吐能力突破2000萬噸的目標(biāo),并建設(shè)一批旅游碼頭,發(fā)展南寧市邕江水上旅游交通。
此外,為建設(shè)面向東盟的國際門戶航空樞紐,南寧市將推動(dòng)吳圩機(jī)場軍用、民用分離,建設(shè)南寧機(jī)場第二跑道和吳圩國際機(jī)場換乘中心,實(shí)現(xiàn)吳圩機(jī)場與南寧城市軌道交通、公共交通的無縫銜接。同時(shí),提高吳圩機(jī)場的運(yùn)輸能力,進(jìn)一步開拓航線網(wǎng)絡(luò),到2020年,實(shí)現(xiàn)到東盟國家主要城市的全覆蓋。
通則暢,暢則達(dá),交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的互聯(lián)互通是打破北部灣城市群開放合作瓶頸的重要一環(huán)。南寧市依托現(xiàn)有基礎(chǔ),發(fā)揮區(qū)位優(yōu)勢,其打造成為面向中國—東盟合作的區(qū)域性國際城市,以及聯(lián)動(dòng)珠三角、溝通中國中南西南地區(qū)、引領(lǐng)北部灣城市群的區(qū)域性綜合交通樞紐城市的目標(biāo),將越來越近。
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In April 2017, the 13thFive-Year Plan for Nanning Comprehensive Communication & Transportation Development (2016-2020) was released by the Nanning government, Guangxi, China. According to the plan, the Nanning government will accelerate construction of landbased routes connecting Nanning and Pingxiang, including Nanning-Pingxiang High-speed Railway, and will improve its surrounding water- and air-based routes, and thus to achieve regional communication connectivity. This goal meets the demands of Beibu Gulf Cities Cluster Development Planning, which aims to deeply engage in China-ASEAN cooperation and to be energetically integrated into both the Belt and Road construction and global economic development.
To make transportation more unimpeded
It was a historic moment when the D4201 Train started to leave for Yunnan from Nanning, Guangxi on December 28, 2016. With Yunnan-Guangxi Railway being open to traffic, travelling time between the two places has been shortened to around four hours. Moreover, before the off cial operation of Yunnan-Guangxi Railway, travelling time from Nanning to Guangzhou has been cut down to about three hours since Nanning-Guangzhou High-speed Railway was opened to traffic, forming a three-hour economic circle covering Guangxi and Guangzhou; meanwhile, Nanning East Railway Station began to serve as a hub connecting Guangdong, Guangxi and Guizhou.
As of now, One-hour High-Speed Railway Economic Circle throughout Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone (BGEZ)— with Nanning as its core — has been built. Over the years, numerous travelling traders from ASEAN countries chose to pay a f eld visit to other cities in BGEZ and to seek cooperation after CAEXPO, which has invisibly mobilized the industrial development of seaside cities in BGEZ, unleashed their tourism potential and elevated BGEZ’s position as a sea-based access.
Also, Nanning’s aviation network was improved in 2016. On August 11, 2016, with Nanning-Bandar Seri Begawan Air Route put into service, Nanning Wuxu International Airport established air-service contacts with its counterparts in all ASEAN countries.
A pivot linking China and the Belt and Road countries
Geographically, there is a long distance between the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21stCentury Maritime Silk Road. Guangxi, as China’s only province adjacent to ASEAN, is superior in making the Belt and Road linked.
According to Guangxi’s 13thFive-Year Plan (2016-2020), the Guangxi government will construct two land-based routes: One is to connect Nanning with Guiyang, Chongqing, Chengdu, Xi’an, Lanzhou and Urumchi, and thus to build a northward access to the Silk Road Economic Belt; the other to connect Nanning with Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore, so as to build a southward access to the 21stCentury Maritime Silk Road.
With regard to water-based route, work will be done to comprehensively enhance Nanning’s shipping capacity connecting to key cities along the Pearl River-Xijiang River Economic Belt, to expedite the construction of Nanning Port’s wharves and operational areas, and to build a series of tourismoriented wharves.
Furthermore, priority will also be given to the building of an international hub airport: Nanning Wuxu International Airport’s military and civil uses will be differentiated from each other, followed by a second runway and a newly-built transfer center for international passengers. In 2020, Nanning Wuxu International Airport’s air service will be available to key cities in ASEAN.
Nanning to Be a Hub Linking China and the Belt and Road Countries
Written by Li Min / Translated by Xu Zhiliang