Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema

語(yǔ)言達(dá)標(biāo)

詞匯達(dá)標(biāo)

高考詞匯

panic vt. （panicked， panicked）（使）恐慌；（使）驚慌失措

tie vt. （用繩、帶等）綁，系，拴

disturb vt. 打擾

resemble vt. 與……相似

create vt. 塑造；創(chuàng)作

warn vt. 警告

force vt. 強(qiáng)迫；迫使

pour vi. （雨）傾盆而下

paddle vi. 用槳?jiǎng)潱ㄐ〈?/p>

lie vi. 說(shuō)謊；撒謊

biography n. （由他人撰寫的）傳記

fantasy n. 幻想，想象

detective n. 偵探

account n. 敘述；描寫；報(bào)道

companion n. 同伴；伙伴

shelter n. 遮蔽物；棲身之地

rope n. 繩子

beard n. 胡須

trunk n. 樹干

outline n. 外形；輪廓

comedy n. 喜劇

fiction n. 虛構(gòu)或幻想出來(lái)的事

review n. （影視、音樂）評(píng)論

adolescent n. 青少年

penny n. （硬幣）便士；（美）分

pilot n. 領(lǐng)航員

reputation n. 名譽(yù)；名望；聲望

curious adj. 好奇的

shallow adj. 淺的

vivid adj. （描述）生動(dòng)的；逼真的

常用短語(yǔ)

have connection with 與…… 有聯(lián)系/有關(guān)聯(lián)

run away （秘密地）逃跑

play a trick on sb 捉弄某人，對(duì)某人惡作劇

make up 編造（說(shuō)法、解釋等）

be/feel in the mood （for sth/to do sth） 有意（做某事）；

有（做某事的）心情

set （a play， novel， etc.） in 設(shè)置（戲劇、小說(shuō)等的）背景

make ones fortune 發(fā)財(cái)

set off 出發(fā)；啟程

point at （把……）對(duì)準(zhǔn)，指向

pour down 流下，（雨）傾盆而下

die of 因……而死

out of breath （運(yùn)動(dòng)后）喘不上氣，透不過(guò)氣來(lái)

as if/though 似乎，好像，仿佛

look like 看起來(lái)像……（一樣）

take place （尤指根據(jù)安排或計(jì)劃）發(fā)生，進(jìn)行

for ages 很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間

start with 以…… 開始

draw up （車輛）到達(dá)某處停下，停止

ahead of （時(shí)間、空間）在……前面；早于；領(lǐng)先

拓展詞匯

murderer n. 兇手；謀殺犯

fright n. 恐懼；害怕

exception n. 例外

terrified adj. 非常害怕的；極度恐慌的

determined adj. 堅(jiān)決的

語(yǔ)法達(dá)標(biāo)

1. 復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；

2. 復(fù)習(xí)連系動(dòng)詞。

詞匯短語(yǔ)園地

1. pour vi. （雨）傾盆而下；涌流，傾瀉

vt. 傾倒

Its pouring outside.

外面下著瓢潑大雨。

Although I poured it carefully， I still spilled some.

盡管我小心倒它，但還是灑了一些。

1） pour... into... 向……投入大量……

The government has poured millions into education system.

政府已經(jīng)投入了數(shù)百萬(wàn)到教育系統(tǒng)。

2） pour out 傾訴；傾吐

She poured out her troubles over me.

她向我傾訴她的煩惱。

3） pour cold water on... 給……澆冷水

Dont pour cold water on my new idea.

不要給我的新想法澆冷水。

2. lie vi. 說(shuō)謊，撒謊；躺，平躺

n. 謊言（可數(shù)）

You could see from her face that she was lying.

從她的表情上你可以看出她在撒謊。

The whole account is nothing but a pack of lies.

整個(gè)敘述只不過(guò)是一派胡言。

1） lie to sb 對(duì)某人撒謊

Dont lie to me.

別對(duì)我撒謊。

2） lie about sth 在某事上撒謊

She lied about her age.

她謊報(bào)自己的年齡。

3） give the lie to... 證明……是虛假的

These new figures give the lie to the thought that employment is going down.

這些新的數(shù)據(jù)表明失業(yè)率在下降的看法是不真實(shí)的。

4） tell （sb） a lie/lies （向某人）說(shuō)謊

Dont believe him！ He always tells lies.

別相信他！他總是說(shuō)謊。

5） a white lie 善意的謊言

I dont think it is wrong to use a white lie to comfort others.

我不認(rèn)為用善意的謊言來(lái)安慰他人是有錯(cuò)的。

比較：

3. curious adj. 好奇的

1） be curious about... 對(duì)……感到好奇

They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs.

他們對(duì)住在樓上的人感到很好奇。

2） be curious to do... 想做……

I was curious to find out what she had said.

我真想弄清楚她說(shuō)了些什么。

4. tie vt. （用繩、帶等）綁，系，拴；系，扣

They tied him to a chair with the rope.

他們用繩子把他綁在一把椅子上。

I tied a knot in the rope.

我在繩子上打了個(gè)結(jié)。

1） tie sb down （to sth/to doing sth） 限制/束縛/牽制 某人（做某事）

I dont want to tie myself down to coming back on a particular day.

我不想限定自己在某一天回來(lái)。

2） tie in with... 連接在一起，同時(shí)進(jìn)行

The concert will tie in with the festival of dance taking place at the same weekend.

音樂會(huì)將與周末舉行的舞蹈節(jié)同時(shí)進(jìn)行。

3） tie up 系好，捆上

He left his dog tied up to a tree.

他把狗拴在了樹上。

5. disturb vt. 打擾；擾亂

I am sorry to disturb you， but can I talk to you for a moment？

對(duì)不起打擾你一下，我能跟你談一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)幔?/p>

Dont disturb the papers on my desk.

別把我書桌上的文件弄亂了。

disturbance n. （受）打擾；騷亂

disturbing adj. 引起煩惱的，令人不安的

6. warn vt. 警告（說(shuō)）

（1） warn后接從句

She was warned that if she did it again she would lose her job.

她被警告說(shuō)如果她再這樣做就會(huì)丟掉工作。

（2） warn sb of/about sth 警告或提醒某人某事

I warned you of the risk， didnt I？

我事先警告過(guò)你有危險(xiǎn)，是不是？

A government notice warns the public about the dangers of cigarette smoking.

一個(gè)政府通知警告公眾吸煙的危害。

（3） warn （sb） against doing sth 告誡某人不要做某事

The guidebook warns against walking alone at night.

這本指南告誡我們夜間不要單獨(dú)行走。

（4） warn sb to do sth 警告某人做某事

He warned Billy to keep away from his daughter.

他警告比利離他女兒遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)。

（5） warn后不接特別結(jié)構(gòu)

I tried to warn him， but he wouldnt listen.

我設(shè)法提醒過(guò)他，可他就是不聽。

（6） warn...off...（尤指以威脅的方式）叫……離開……，

告誡……不要靠近……

The farmer warned us off his land when we tried to camp there.

我們想在農(nóng)場(chǎng)主的土地露營(yíng)時(shí)，他警告我們不得靠近那里。

7. force vt. 強(qiáng)迫；迫使

（1） force sb to do sth 強(qiáng)迫某人做某事

She forced herself to be polite to them.

她對(duì)他們強(qiáng)裝客氣。

（2） force sb into sth/doing sth 強(qiáng)迫或迫使某人做某事

Ill health forced him into early retirement.

他由于健康不佳不得不提前退休。

The president was forced into resigning.

總統(tǒng)被迫辭職。

1） force... back 強(qiáng)忍……（不表露情感）

She swallowed hard and forced back her tears.

她使勁咽了一下口水，強(qiáng)忍住了眼淚。

2） force... on/upon sb 把……強(qiáng)加給某人

They always force their will on me.

他們總是將他們的意愿強(qiáng)加給我。

8. run away（秘密地）逃跑

They ran away together to get married.

他們私奔結(jié)了婚。

Someone has run away with all my jewels.

有人偷了我的珠寶逃跑了。

1） run across 偶然遇見 2） run after 追趕

3） run around 東奔西跑 4） run down 耗盡能量

5） run into... 撞上……

6） run out （of sth） 用完（某物）

9. make up 編造（說(shuō)法、解釋等）；形成，構(gòu)

成；化妝，打扮

Are you telling the truth， or making it up？

你說(shuō)的是真話還是編故事？

Girls make up 30% of the number of students.

女生占學(xué)生人數(shù)的30%。

She never goes out without making herself up first.

不先化妝她是從不外出的。

1） make up for 補(bǔ)償；賠償

2） make up to 接近；奉承

10. set （a play， novel， etc.） in 設(shè)置（戲劇、小說(shuō)

等的）背景

This writer set his story in China.

這位作家把故事背景設(shè)定在中國(guó)。

The movie is set in the countryside in the 19th century.

這部電影是以19世紀(jì)的農(nóng)村為背景的。

1） set... aside 把……置于一旁

2） set off 出發(fā) 3） set out 出發(fā)

4） set up 建立，創(chuàng)立 5） set down 寫下，記下

幽默小故事

Catching a Thief

Witty Hare can run very fast. One day when he gets home， he sees a rat. The rat is jumping down his window. “Oh. A thief！” Witty Hare shouts and runs after the rat， “You cant run faster than me.” Soon Witty Hare catches up with the rat， and the rat is left behind. “I must run away，” the rat says and laughs. “He is so silly.”

Witty Hare goes on running. A sheep sees him and asks him， “What are you doing？” “Im catching the thief，” Witty Hare says. “Thief？ Wheres the thief？” the sheep feels surprised. “Hes behind me，” Witty Hare says proudly.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

A

New York State Governor David Paterson described the crash-landing of US Airways Flight 1549 on a freezing river as “a miracle（奇跡）on the Hudson”. The miracle was the survival and safe rescue of all 155 passengers aboard the Airbus A320 that suffered bird hits on both its engines soon after take-off on January 16. The hero in this remarkable escape was the 57-year-old captain， Chesley Sullenberger. The former US Air Force pilot showed extreme skill and presence of mind to control—from an altitude of 900 meters—the plane over the crowds， over the buildings， over the George Washington Bridge， and on to the Hudson River， nose-up and at an angle that gave it the best chance. The pilot walked into the plane twice after the crash to make sure all of the passengers and staff were safe.

“The left engine just blew. Flames were coming out of it and I was looking at it because I was sitting right there. And it just started smelling like gas. Everyone started， to be honest， to say prayers（祈禱文），” a passenger told WNBC.

“We had to give it to the pilot man，” the shaken passenger added， “he did a hard job.”

“There were a couple of people who took charge and started shouting at everyone to calm down.” Alberto Panero told CNN. “Once everyone realized they were going to be OK， they settled down.”

Along the bank of the Hudson， people right there could not believe their eyes： A plane was flying impossibly low yet steady as it could be. It was as if the pilot was approaching a runway， not the icy winter waters of Manhattans Hudson River.

Ferry（渡船）passengers who happened to be on the Hudson at the time of the crash jumped into action. “We just started taking people from the wing，” said Janis Krums who was riding on one of the first boats to arrive and save the passengers. “And we just started giving them clothes and keeping them warm. In less than six or seven minutes we just had five or six boats helping.”

1. What can we learn about Chesley Sullenberger from Paragraph 1？

A. He was brave and kind.

B. He was skillful and calm.

C. He was young and strong.

D. He was clever and careful.

2. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to？

A. The injured plane. B. The left engine.

C. The situation. D. The honor.

3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the news？

A. The plane landed on the Hudson finally.

B. The passengers were disappointed about the crash.

C. The rescue work turned out to be immediate and successful.

D. Janis Krums was one of the passengers on board the plane.

4. What can be the best headline of the news？

A. A Jet Crash Called “A Miracle on the Hudson”

B. Heroic Actions Followed a Strange Air Crash

C. Survivors Described a Frightening Experience

D. Air Safety Has Been a Great Concern

B

In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken， not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome， testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.

In the European universities of the Middle Ages， students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates（應(yīng)試者）for the doctors degree.

Generally， however， modern examinations are written. The written examination， where all students are tested on the same questions， was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination， timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by teachers， resembles a group of workers at a factory. Certainly， during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.

One type of test is sometimes called as “objective” test. It is intended to deal with facts， not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions， each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.

5. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the students in the Middle Ages？

A. They were timed by electrical clocks.

B. They specialized in one subject.

C. They usually took spoken tests.

D. They took objective tests.

6. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3？

A. The population grows rapidly.

B. Exams are now written and timed.

C. Workers now take examinations.

D. There are mostly written exams today.

7. Modern industry must have developed ___ .

A. before the Middle Ages B. around the 19th century

C. in Greece or Rome D. machines to take tests

8. What test requires students to choose the answer from several choices？

A. Objective test. B. Personal test.

C. Spoken test. D. Written test.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

A group of happy， high-performing individuals is not a team. Even if each of the people is highly motivated and wants to do great work， you will still need to spend time actively developing a sense of unity and cooperation to create a truly team-oriented（團(tuán)隊(duì)精神的）environment. 1

Building a team takes time. 2 We will review the building blocks of a team environment， so you can work on this aspect of your role over time.

Successful teams have some common attributes（品質(zhì)）you can encourage and develop as you work with the members of your group. 3 Making them clear to every member of your group is a great first step toward developing a team-oriented culture.

All effective teams operate on the basis of trust. 4

Each member on your team needs to see consistent（一致的）behavior patterns from you and their colleagues over time to be able to believe a certain person will act in a certain way.

5 While having these discussions can be great for your teams creativity， you want to ensure they remain within respectful communication. Challenging another team members view can help refine an idea and make it more perfect. You should encourage everyone to contribute to the discussion.

A. Trust is based on pattern recognition.

B. Building a great team needs a lot of skills.

C. You cant expect to achieve success quickly.

D. Your aim is to encourage your team members to work together.

E. A healthy team will have debates， and sometimes even heated discussions.

F. You will need to show these values through your actions as well as your words.

G. Therefore， working with others is not the same as being mutually supportive and dependent on one another.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Lunch hour is crazy at SAME Cafe， the 40-seat restaurant my husband and I run in Denver.

A woman in a（n） 1 suit stepped in. “Hi， Libby，” she said. Wow， what a 2 ！ The first time she came to the 3 two years ago， she had no money to pay. Like many customers， she volunteered to wash dishes and sweep. Look at her now： 4 and hopeful. Wasnt this what wed hoped for？

In 2003， wed hatched this crazy dream： 5 a restaurant with a donation box instead of a cash register（收銀機(jī)）. Right away we hit hurdles（阻礙）. “There is no such thing as a 6 lunch，” one potential landlord sniffed. I met brokers， bankers and suppliers， only to 7 them walk away， shaking their heads. No bank would 8 us the money to open a restaurant with no cash register. The only fund we could get was our individual retirement account. Finally we 9 space from a landlord on Colfax Street. We put flyers（傳單）around the neighborhood， asked friends to 10 the word， and held our breath.

Word traveled 11 ， thanks to stories in the papers and on TV. Soon we had more than 50 customers a day. A few ate without 12 or donating an hour of work. But most gave what they could， 13 it was just a dollar. Those with money gave， and then more. One of our customers left a 14 for 500 dollars. Another bought 1，000 dollars in gift certificates. 15 ， another donated a truck so we could transport 16 from suppliers.

People came here partly for what our cafe 17 —SAME： So All May Eat. We treat everyone with dignity. We 18 to develop a sense of community—so that we might 19 each other. The woman in business suit was one of them. Our 20 to open the cafe was worth it.

1. A. dinner B. evening C. business D. summer

2. A. change B. beauty C. fool D. pity

3. A. bar B. cafe C. diner D. shop

4. A. healthy B. young C. careful D. confident

5. A. visit B. start C. buy D. build

6. A. packed B. delicious C. free D. delivered

7. A. make B. let C. watch D. have

8. A. send B. give C. show D. lend

9. A. took B. received C. rented D. needed

10. A. analyze B. spread C. read D. accept

11. A. fast B. early C. along D. alone

12. A. regretting B. gaining C. paying D. balancing

13. A. but B. since C. so D. though

14. A. reward B. check C. bill D. list

15. A. Still B. Instead C. Otherwise D. Thus

16. A. lunch B. customers C. dishes D. produce

17. A. stood for B. applied for

C. benefited from D. depended on

18. A. asked B. offered C. waited D. hoped

19. A. protect B. trust C. help D. treasure

20. A. dream B. struggle C. management D. style

用方框里單詞的正確形式填空，使其句意完整，每空一詞。

biography company curious detective

fantasy lie murder pour

1. A ____ essay presents a persons most noteworthy characteristics and achievements.

2. The whole thing was so ____ that I couldnt help being amused.

3. Instead of becoming a doctor， George became a successful writer of ____ stories.

4. The ____ has been in prison for ten years for his crime.

5. Are you alone or with a ____ when you are walking on your way home？

6. What terrible weather！ It was ____ all the day yesterday.

7. Everything may tell you lies， but mirrors dont ____ .

8. I was really ____ to hear what he would say.

下列各句均有1個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)改正。

1. The man had fallen asleep where he was laying without undressing. ___

2. Its bad to point out your parents and say rude words. ___

3. Because of missing the last bus， it looks even if well have to walk. ___

4. The new building is 100 meters on height. ___

1. 使我感到吃驚的是， 你還沒有受夠他。（to ones surprise）

2. 兩母女非常害怕地注視著大雨順著窗戶往下流。（pour down）

3. 在今天遲到的原因上，這個(gè)小男孩撒了個(gè)謊。（tell a lie）

4. 囚犯是如何把守衛(wèi)們捆住然后從監(jiān)獄逃跑的，這還是一個(gè)未解之謎。（tie up）

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

A

A new weapon is on the way in the fight against smoking in Europe. Soon when smokers buy cigarettes they might see a shocking photo of a blackened lung or a cancer patient staring back at them from the packet.

The European Union announced that it had chosen 42 photos that showed the damage cigarettes could do to the body. It called on member nations to put these pictures on packets to discourage smokers. To catch the attention of teenagers， the special packets warn of long-term medical dangers， like cancer. Short-term effects， like bad skin， are also on the list.

“The true face of smoking is disease， death and horror. That is the message we should send to the young，” said David Byrne， an EU health official. “Hopefully these pictures will shock students out of their love for cigarettes.”

The EU head office hoped the pictures would work better than current written warnings on packs of cigarettes. The warnings included “smoking kills” and “smoking can lead to a slow and painful death.”

So far， Ireland and Belgium have shown interest in the photos. Canada used similar pictures and warnings on cigarette packs soon after that. The country has recently seen a fall in the number of smokers. According to studies， smoking is the single biggest cause of avoidable death in the EU. Every year more than 650，000 smokers die， more than one person a minute.

1. What can we learn from the text about the warning method？

A. Countries in the EU still use the old one.

B. The new one has worked in some EU countries.

C. The EU countries have put the new one into practice.

D. A large number of the EU countries have used the new one.

2. Which is most successful in stopping smoking according to the text？

A. Ireland. B. Belgium.

C. Canada. D. The EU.

3. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest？

A. Its hard to stop smoking in the EU.

B. Smoking is the biggest cause of death in the EU.

C. Deaths caused by smoking could have been avoided.

D. The EU has the largest number of death caused by smoking.

4. What would be the best title for the text？

A. New Way to Stop Smoking

B. Pictures to Shock Smokers

C. New Packets of Cigarettes

D. Dangers of Smoking

B

Anyone who reads a book and then goes to see a movie based on that book generally leaves the movie feeling a little disappointed. Why might this be？ Both books and movies serve the purpose of entertainment. Both books and movies offer characters and plots. And， both books and movies provide a setting for a story. Books， however， offer a more attractive and complex form of entertainment than movies.

Although movies are entertaining to watch， books have advantages over them. First， books， in comparison with movies， can more easily catch hold of the depths of characters and create a complex setting through the use of rich description. Books leave it up to the reader to interpret， imagine， and recreate the story in his or her own mind. However， movies are action packed and provide lots of visual stimuli（視覺刺激）； still， it is the movie not the viewer that interprets the characters， plot and setting. Second， books are not limited to time. A writer can write as much or as little as necessary in order to create and tell a story. Movies， on the other hand， are limited to an hour and a half to two hours of entertaining time before the audience begins to get restless. Last， reading is an intellectual form of entertainment. Readers can improve their level of reading and vocabulary in a harmless， healthy， and pleasurable way. Movies， on the other hand， are not as complex and entertaining as books， and they leave nothing to interpret. Therefore， the advantages and entertainment value of books outweigh those of movies.

To conclude， books， through interpretation， help the reader develop a sense of relationship to the characters and the story itself， but movies entertain strictly. Books are a better form of entertainment than movies.

5. What can we know from the text？

A. Movies are usually time limited.

B. Books provide more visual stimuli.

C. Books leave readers nothing to interpret.

D. Movies can easily catch the depths of characters.

6. The underlined word “intellectual” in Paragraph 2 may relate to ___ .

A. training B. learning

C. translating D. memory

7. What is the authors idea about books and movies？

A. Movies often make people disappointed.

B. Both books and movies entertain strictly.

C. Books have many advantages over movies.

D. More and more people prefer books to movies.

8. Which would be the best title for the text？

A. Movies： Easy Form of Entertainment

B. Books： Better Form of Entertainment

C. Why Are We Disappointed at Movies

D. How to Produce Movies Based on Books

C

Not too long ago， our teacher， being a “tree-hugger” （as the kids call her）， had us write an essay on an environmental issue. I was eager to start， but something made me stop.

“What is an environmental issue？” one kid asked. “What if we dont care about the environment？” another complained. “Its not like it affects me.”

These comments shocked me. I have always cared about the environment and thought that others did too. From the surprised look on my teachers face， I could tell she felt the same way.

In no time， I finished my essay. In my essay I wrote about logging（伐木）， which is an important industry， but if we continue to cut down trees without replacing， it will damage the environment.

There are so many things that we can do to save our world. Recycling， of course， is always a good thing， but not everyone has a recycling plant nearby （I dont）. There are other ways to help the environment. Plant a tree. Dont waste water.

I cant stand it when a persons excuse for not caring is “Nothing is going to happen in my lifetime， so why should I care？” Sure， the chances of something terrible happening are slim， but I want people to realize that if we dont deal with it， someone will have to eventually. Do you want that to be your children？ Or your childrens children？

When my teacher told me to read my essay to my class， I was a little embarrassed because I didnt want everyone to call me “tree-hugger”. I realize now that if being a tree-hugger means you care about the environment， Im a tree-hugger 100 percent. I just wish more people were.

9. Why do the students call their teacher “tree-hugger”？

A. She likes hugging trees.

B. She knows a lot about trees.

C. She grew up in the countryside.

D. She cares a lot about the environment.

10. At the beginning， the author stopped writing ___ .

A. to ask some questions

B. because of other kids comments

C. to listen to the teachers instructions

D. because he had no idea about the topic

11. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about？

A. What we can recycle.

B. How we can save the earth.

C. Why we should protect the earth.

D. What damage we are doing to the earth.

12. What can we infer from the text？

A. The students dont like the teacher.

B. The teacher liked the authors essay.

C. The author is ashamed of being a tree-hugger.

D. The author should have written a better essay.

D

Welcome to your future life！

You get up in the morning and look into the mirror. Your face is firm and young-looking. In 2035， medical technology is better than ever. Many people your age could live to be 150， so at 40， youre not old at all. And your parents just had an anti-aging（抗衰老的）treatment. Now， all three of you look the same age！

You say to your shirt， “Turn red.” It changes from blue to red. In 2035， “smart clothes” contain particles（粒子）much smaller than the cells in your body. The particles can be programmed to change your clothes color or pattern.

You walk into the kitchen. You pick up the milk， but a voice says， “You shouldnt drink that！” Your fridge has read the chip（芯片）that contains information about the milk， and it knows the milk is old. In 2035， every kind of food in the grocery store has such a chip.

Its time to go to work. In 2035， cars drive themselves. Just tell your “smart car” where to go. On the way， you can call a friend using your jacket sleeve. Such “smart technology” is all around you.

So will all these things come true？ “For new technology to succeed，” says scientist Andrew Zolli，” it has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already.” The Internet is one example—what will be the next？

13. What can be inferred in the future from Paragraph 4？

A. Milk will be harmful to health.

B. More drinks will be available for sale.

C. Milk in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer.

D. Food in the grocery store will carry electronic information.

14. Which of the following about the life in 2035 is mentioned in the text？

A. Cars can be able to drive automatically.

B. Jacket sleeves can be used as a guide.

C. Fridges will know what people need.

D. Nothing can replace the Internet.

15. What is the text mainly about？

A. Food and clothing in 2035.

B. Medical treatments of the future.

C. Future technology in everyday life.

D. The reason for the success of new technology.

It was a busy morning， about 8：30， when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the 1 that he was in a hurry for an appointment at 9：30.

The nurse had him take a 2 in the waiting area， telling him it would be at least 40 minutes 3 someone would be able to see him. I saw him looking at his 4 and decided， since I was not 5 — my patient didnt turn up at the 6 hour， I would examine his wound（傷口）. While taking care of his wound， I asked him if he had another doctors appointment.

The gentleman said no and told me that he 7 to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his 8 . He told me she had been there for a while and she had a special 9 . I asked if she would be 10 if he was a bit late. He replied that she no longer 11 who he was， and that she had not been able to 12 him for five years. I was 13 ， and asked him， “And you 14 go every morning， even though she doesnt know who you are？”

He 15 and said， “She doesnt know me， but I know who she is.” I had to hold back tears as he left.

Now I 16 that in marriage， true love is 17 of all that is. The happiest people dont 18 have the best of everything. They just 19 the best use of everything they have. 20 isnt about how to live through the storm， but how to dance in the rain.

1. A. doctor B. patient C. nurse D. gentleman

2. A. breath B. test C. break D. seat

3. A. if B. before C. since D. when

4. A. chair B. bag C. watch D. wound

5. A. tired B. interested C. clear D. busy

6. A. appointed B. rush C. fixed D. duty

7. A. needed B. forgot C. agreed D. happened

8. A. daughter B. wife C. mother D. sister

9. A. idea B. habit C. concern D. disease

10. A. lonely B. worried C. doubtful D. hungry

11. A. cared B. remembered C. knew D. asked

12. A. recognize B. answer C. believe D. expect

13. A. moved B. disappointed C. surprised D. satisfied

14. A. only B. then C. thus D. still

15. A. nodded B. laughed C. thought D. stopped

16. A. realize B. suggest C. hope D. prove

17. A. agreement B. expression C. acceptance D. exhibition

18. A. necessarily B. completely C. naturally D. frequently

19. A. learn B. make C. favour D. try

20. A. Adventure B. Beauty C. Trust D. Life

What would we do without refrigerators？ We take it for granted now， but what are they like before refrigerators were invented？ Have you never left milk out of the fridge for a day on summer？ Within just that time it will go bad， so you can imagine what hard life was before. For a long time， people had been using ice to make food lasting longer.

The first refrigerators were sold in late 1880s and they soon became very popular. Nowadays， almost everyone has a fridge in their houses and modern refrigerator are much more safer. Some of them are so modern that they can tell you what needs bought in advance！

1. 我們相信他與這件事無(wú)關(guān)，是你在這件事上編故事。

（have connection with）

2. 對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，你感興趣的這本書聽起來(lái)好像是有趣的東西。（sound like）

3. 嘗試多次后，最終我說(shuō)服他聽從我的意見。（persuade）

4. 愚人節(jié)充滿著開玩笑的游戲，在那天很多孩子喜歡對(duì)別人惡作劇。（play tricks on sb）

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

I was walking with a friend yesterday 1 I found an iPhone in a pile of snow. I picked it up and it still worked！ I started looking through the name list and dialing numbers to see whether I could figure out whose phone it was. 2

（unfortunate）， only one person answered and she didnt recognize the number.

Since that lady didnt know whose phone it was， my friend suggested that we 3 （go） back to the house in front of which we found the iPhone. I 4 （knock） on the door and two college-age persons answered. They hadnt lost 5 （they） phones， but as I told them the story and mentioned some 6

（name） on the name list. One of them said that he also had those names and it must 7 the phone of their friends. I really didnt have anything 8 （say）， because in my mind I was just doing the right thing. I immediately tried to find the owner， because that is exactly 9 I would want someone to do if either I or any of my family members lost phones. The purpose of helping others is not for return. 10 （help） others is more than enough for me and it is the most endless joy of life.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

A

Millions of women use cosmetics， often called “make-up”. The cosmetics industry is one of the biggest in the world. Most large stores sell cosmetics， and there are always shops at airports selling them cheaply. The word “cosmetics” refers to anything that people put on their faces to make them look better. Lipstick， face powder and cream， and eye make-up are the most popular. Although more women than men use cosmetics， there are cosmetics for men as well as women.

Some people even have cosmetic surgery to make their faces look different. They have the shape of their noses and eyes changed.

The most widely used cosmetic is probably lipstick， as many women who do not wear any other make-up will often put on a little lipstick.

Lipstick is made by mixing together different oils and colors. This mixture is then allowed to get hard and is cut into the shape of a small pencil. When a woman presses the lipstick to her lips， the end of it becomes soft， and some of it sticks to her lips， giving them extra color.

Cosmetics were probably first used in India， but it was the Egyptians， six thousand years ago， who made the most use of them. Rich Egyptian women painted their eyes green and black. They used a red color to paint pretty designs on their fingernails， the palms of their hands and the soles（腳掌）of their feet. Pictures of Cleopatra always show her wearing a lot of make-up.

The Romans also used cosmetics. They liked to make their skin very white and to paint their eyes. They also used a kind of lipstick.

In England at one time， very rich women had baths in milk to make their skin beautiful. They also used a lot of sweet-smelling powder to stop people smelling their bodies， which were often very dirty because they did not wash very often or change their clothes.

At one time， some cosmetics were not safe. They were bad for the skin， and some of the lipsticks and powders that people used were even poisonous. Nowadays， people in the cosmetics industry take great care to make sure that everything they use is completely safe.

1. Why do people use cosmetics？

A. To feel happier.

B. To have a better look.

C. To improve the health.

D. To appear different from others.

2. What kind of cosmetics is probably used most widely？

A. Cream. B. Face powder.

C. Lipstick. D. Eye make-up.

3. Who used to use many cosmetics in the daily life？

A. Roman women. B. Egyptian women.

C. Indian women. D. English women.

4. What can we learn about cosmetics industry？

A. It is the oldest.

B. It develops very fast.

C. It is the biggest worldwide.

D. It should be very responsible to customers.

B

Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is decided in advance. He knows what he wants， and his objective is to find it and buy it； the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock （有現(xiàn)貨的）， the salesman immediately introduces it， and the business of trying it on follows at once. All being well， the deal can be and is often completed in less than five minutes， with hardly any chat and to everyones satisfaction.

For a man， slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants， or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman， as the name implies， tries to sell the customer something else， he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute（替代品）impolitely； he does so with skill， “I know this jacket is not the style you want， sir， but would you like to try it for size？ It happens to be the color you mentioned.” Few men have patience with this treatment， and the usual response is， “This is the right color and may be the right size， but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.”

Now how does a woman go about buying clothes？ In almost every way she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind about what she wants， and she is only “having a look round”. She is always open to persuasion； in fact she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her， even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Opposite to a lot of jokes， most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses， a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a tiring process， but obviously an enjoyable one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.

5. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 suggests that when a man is shopping ___ .

A. he choose the cheap ones

B. he buys whatever he likes

C. he often buys and then regrets

D. he does not mind the price for the right things

6. What does a man tend to do in the shop when he cannot get exactly what he wants？

A. He usually does not buy anything.

B. He buys so long as the style is right.

C. He buys a similar thing because of the color he wants.

D. Hell make sure at least two of his requirements must be met before buying.

7. What is the most obvious difference between men and women shoppers？

A. Men go shopping based on need， but women never.

B. Women bargain for their clothes， but men do not.

C. Men do not try clothes on while women do.

D. Women spend much more time shopping.

8. What does the passage mainly talk about？

A. Differences between men and women shoppers.

B. Why women are better at shopping than men.

C. How women go about buying clothes.

D. Why a man goes shopping.

Suzie goes to her art class on Tuesday and Thursday afternoons. She always looks forward to those days when she can do 1 things all afternoon. What Suzie likes 2 is the good feeling she gets when she has finished working on a piece of 3 . And then when she takes it home to 4 her parents， she feels so proud of what she has made.

On Wednesday afternoons Suzie writes articles for the 5

newspaper. When she first moved to her school， she wrote an article about how it 6 to be a new student in a new school. Her second 7 in the newspaper was about a（n） 8 from her school who had just finished writing a book.

Suzie 9 the teacher what it felt like to be a published author. And then she 10 what she found out with the rest of the school.

Another time she wrote an article about 11 she thought the school should have two short 12 a day instead of a long one. Lots of her friends thought that this would be a good idea too. Many teachers also 13 with Suzies suggestion.

Would you believe the principal（校長(zhǎng)）of the school asked everyone to have a 14 about Suzies suggestion？ The principal always thinks that students should help decide how the school should be 15 .

During the vote（投票）， each person in the school voted. At last， the school 16 that two short breaks would be better than one long break. And all of that 17 because Suzie wrote about her 18 in the school newspaper.

On the day the newspaper 19 each month， the first thing Suzie does is to 20 where her article is in the newspaper. And each time at the beginning of her article are the words： By Suzie Jefferson.

1. A. real B. fresh C. true D. creative

2. A. least B. best C. worst D. hardest

3. A. cloth B. art C. article D. picture

4. A. show B. explain C. introduce D. reward

5. A. national B. local C. school D. educational

6. A. felt B. experienced C. seemed D. appeared

7. A. research B. article C. method D. way

8. A. author B. artist C. student D. teacher

9. A. told B. asked C. examined D. obeyed

10. A. described B. recorded C. shared D. forgot

11. A. why B. when C. whether D. which

12. A. classes B. breaks C. activities D. sports

13. A. discussed B. argued C. supported D. agreed

14. A. vote B. choice C. question D. decision

15. A. performed B. run C. achieved D. established

16. A. imagined B. expected C. decided D. requested

17. A. happened B. failed C. passed D. recovered

18. A. belief B. dream C. idea D. judgment

19. A. puts off B. puts up C. gives out D. comes out

20. A. consider B. check C. read D. place

用方框里單詞的正確形式填空，使其句意完整，每空一詞。

account comedy fiction review

romance set shelter trunk

1. He gave the police a full ____ of the car accident.

2. In the heavy rain， I took ____ under a tree， waiting for someone to give me a hand.

3. The natives make excellent boats out of tree ____ .

4. The actor likes working on ____ because he loves to make people laugh.

5. A ____ story is one about love or adventure.

6. Their ____ world has been replaced by a fantastic real one in the end.

7. I have read the ____ of his latest novel.

8. In addition to the impressiveness of the ____ ， there is a use of the camera which at times seems magical.

下列各句均有1個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)改正。

1. The twin sisters always enjoy go to the concerts in which their favorite stars perform. ___

2. According to what you explained to me， I dont think you did much more worse than he did. ___

3. I havent seen your son and daughter for age since I moved abroad with my children many years ago. ___

4. Nobody knows when the next war will take the place. ___

1. 由于最近父親過(guò)世，他感到很累，沒有心情去做其他事情。（be/feel in the mood to do sth）

2. 這部以歐洲中世紀(jì)為背景的電影值得看第二次。（set...in）

3. 我們沿著街道走時(shí)，看到了很多有趣的商店。（make ones way）

4. 我想去看部電影，但不知道電影院現(xiàn)在上映什么新片。

（be on）

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out 1 they deserved his help.

In the center of the main road into the town， he placed a very large stone. Then he 2 （hide） behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.

“Who put this stone in the center of the road？” said the old man， but he did not try 3 （remove） the stone. Instead， with some 4 （difficult） he passed around the stone and continued on his way. Another man came along and did the same thing； then another came， and another. All of 5 （they） complained 6 the stone but didnt tried to remove it. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone， 7 （say） to himself， “The night 8 （be） very dark. Some 9 （neighbor） will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.”

Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his strength to move it. 10 great his surprise was at last！ Under the stone， he found a bag of money.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

A

When humans and nature go head to head， nature often ends up losing. Rivers get polluted. Trees are knocked down. Natural resources are used up. Thats what makes the Galapagos Islands so special—its one of the few places on the Earth that nature can truly call its own.

A visit to the Galapagos is a real eye-opening experience. Over 1，600 km west of Ecuador， the islands are home to a unique（獨(dú)一無(wú)二的）variety of animals that have absolutely no fear of people. Visitors can play on the beach with sea lions and giant sea turtles， swim with dolphins and whales， and get close enough to the penguins to count the eggs in their nests.

The islands were declared（宣布）a national park over 40 years ago， and the number of human visitors is tightly limited to avoid damaging the environment or putting stress on the animals. Tourists have to pay $100 for the daily fee， and cant step off the boat unless accompanied（陪同）by an official guide. Once on the islands， you have to stay on the special car. The animals are so curious about people that theyll usually come up to say hello.

“Its a little like being in a zoo，” said one traveler. “But instead of us looking at the animals， the animals are looking at us.”

Besides the wildlife， one of the islands more unusual features is its post office. You can send postcards for free， but the problem is that theres no postman to collect them. Instead， travelers pick up mail addressed to people who live near them back home and then hand-deliver the postcards when their trip is finished.

1. The Galapagos Islands are ___ .

A. west of Ecuador B. terribly polluted

C. in the Atlantic Ocean D. independent of Ecuador

2. Which animal is mentioned in the passage？

A. Lions. B. Goats.

C. Sharks. D. Sea lions.

3. What is one of the islands more unusual features？

A. You need to buy stamps to send letters.

B. There are some postmen to collect letters.

C. Travelers deliver the letters by themselves.

D. There are only the wild animals on the islands.

4. Which would be the best title for the passage？

A. A Special Zoo

B. Go Head to Head

C. Human and Nature

D. Ecuador—an Island Country

B

When families gather for Christmas dinner， some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandmas generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver， and the dress code will be Sunday-best.

But in many other homes， this china-and-silver custom has given way to a stoneware-and-stainless（不銹的）informality， with dresses appearing an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts and guests， the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain， it means economic hard times.

Last week Royal Doulton， the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent， announced that it is cutting down 1，000 jobs—one-fifth of its total workforce. That brought to the number of more than 4，000 positions lost in 18 months in the pottery（陶瓷）region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.

Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing， the layoffs（臨時(shí)解雇）in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social changes. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend” toward casual dining. Families eat together less often， he explained， and more people eat alone， either because they are single or they eat in front of television.

Even dinner parties， if they happen at all， have gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules， busy hosts insist， rightly， that its better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a “real” dinner party. Too often， the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine-designed tablecloth？ Forget it. Shine the silver？ Who has time？

Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of table manners that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grand-parents （“Chew with your mouth closed” “Keep your elbows off the table”） must be picked up elsewhere.

5. In Britain， the formal traditions at family dinner ___ .

A. show peoples respect for the older generations

B. are mainly preferred in families of the upper class

C. have a long history and are valued by some people

D. will be deserted with the development of economy

6. Royal Doulton in Paragraph 3 is probably ___ .

A. the manager of a fine china factory

B. a company that produces fine china

C. a large region in Britain famous for producing china

D. an organization that determines the use of workforce

7. What is the main reason of less formality at dinner party？

A. Busy schedules dont allow for formality.

B. Hosts care less about their social behavior.

C. Being formal has been out of date at present.

D. Hosts are getting tired of frequent family dinner.

8. What can we learn about informality from the last paragraph？

A. It should be picked up elsewhere.

B. It has resulted in the great loss in British economy.

C. It has reduced parents influence on childrens behavior.

D. It helps table manners become more important than before.

C

Like many languages spoken by people， Ayapaneco is dying. Only two people in the world still speak it， and they wont talk to each other.

Spoken in Mexico for centuries， Ayapaneco is one of 68 surviving languages in the mainly Spanish-speaking nation. The two speakers are Manuel Segovia and Isidro Velazquez. Though they live only 500 meters from each other in the village， the two men seldom talk to each other. Daniel， an American expert， who is working to make a dictionary of Ayapaneco， says the two men “dont have a lot in common，” and that Segovia can be “active” while Velazquez tends to mind his own business and stay at home.

While Segovia still speaks to his wife and son in Ayapaneco， neither of them can manage more than a few words. Velazquez hardly speaks his native tongue any more. Daniel is working to preserve（維持）the language in dictionary form before its last surviving speakers pass away. According to Daniel， Ayapaneco and the other languages began dying out with the introduction of public Spanish education in the mid-20th century. For decades， local children werent allowed to speak anything else. Many people going to cities， starting in the 1970s， also helped the dying out of native languages.

Ayapaneco is the name given to the language； Segovia and Velazquez call it “Nuumte Oote”， which means “true voice”. Neither man， however， speaks the same language. The dictionary will contain two versions（版本）of the language when it comes out later this year. Those behind the dictionary arent the only ones trying to save Ayapaneco. The National Language Institute plans to hold classes so that Segovia and Velazquez can pass on what they know to children.

It is thought that there are about 6，000 languages spoken on earth and that about half will disappear over the next 100 years. Lets hope the “true voice” isnt one of them.

9. Who does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to？

A. Daniel and his son. B. Segovia and Daniel.

C. Segovia and his wife. D. Segovias wife and son.

10. Why did the language Ayapaneco start dying out？

a. No teacher liked to teach it.

b. Local children had to speak Spanish.

c. Many villagers went to live in cities.

d. The surviving speakers didnt like to use it.

A. a， b B. a， c

C. b， c D. c， d

11. How does the National Language Institute try to save Ayapaneco？

A. Write a dictionary of Ayapaneco.

B. Ask villagers to speak Ayapaneco.

C. Let Ayapaneco be taught at school.

D. Introduce a public Ayapaneco education.

12. Talking about Ayapaneco， the author ____ .

A. thinks Daniels effort to preserve it wont work

B. thinks highly of it and wants people to learn it

C. agrees that it is natural that it should die out

D. hopes that it will not die out in the future

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Although nobody can guarantee that by adopting an exact lifestyle you will be able to live a longer life， there are some things you can do to increase your chances of living longer.

1 In other words you have to do it without realizing it. Here are 5 most important habits for a better life：

★ 2

It has been proven by many studies that people who are happy live a better life. To find happiness in your life you have to ask for it and run after it.

★ Healthy diet habits.

3 A diet based on healthy principles can not only improve your mood， but it also can help you keep to a healthy weight.

★ Physical exercise and activity.

This is the most well-known guideline. Exercise is good for your health and can help you live longer. By exercising you help your body function better.

★ Relaxation.

Relax as much as possible. Our life is full of tasks. 4

Relaxation means everything that makes you feel good and happy. This may be watching a nice movie or going to a basketball match.

★ Sleep.

5 It has been proven by many researchers that people who sleep 7 hours per day enjoy a happier and healthier life. Try to keep a sleeping pattern.

A. Dont worry， and be happy.

B. Any form of exercise is good for you.

C. Many people dont realize the power of sleep.

D. People who want to live longer should learn how to relax.

E. Anything you do in order to live longer has to turn into a habit.

F. Following a healthy diet is among the best ways to enjoy a life.

G. People who have negative thoughts end up with low confidence.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Tracy Wong is a well-known Chinese-American writer. But her writing 1 was something she picked up by herself. After her first 2 ， teaching disabled children， she became a part-time writer for IBM. 3 ， writing stories was simply a 4 interest. Tracy sent three of her stories to a publisher.

5 ， they immediately suggested that she put them together to make a single long 6 and paid Tracy a $15，000 in advance. “A pretty money，” said the publisher， “for a（n） 7 writer at that time.”

8 Tracys characters are interesting， her stories sometimes 9 readers uneasy： those about the supernatural. “My mother believed I could 10 with the afterlife world，” she told a close friend， “she used to have me speak with my grandmother， who died many years ago.”

“Can I？ I dont think I can.” Tracy said with a laugh. “But I do have 11 when things come to me for no reason.” Once， she was 12 how to complete a 13 set in ancient China.

14 the doorbell rang. It was a FedEx deliveryman（送貨人）， with a copy of a book on Chinese 15 . It came without her having 16 them.

Though she has published 45 books， Tracy has remained

17 by her fame. She lives in the same 18 she lived 27 years ago— 19 in a more comfortable home. Theres more room for 20 in her life—and it wasnt just writing.

1. A. skill B. experience C. practice D. idea

2. A. duty B. effort C. job D. task

3. A. Instead B. Normally C. Certainly D. Then

4. A. general B. deep C. personal D. lively

5. A. Interested B. Anxious C. Serious D. Encouraged

6. A. account B. story C. program D. article

7. A. foreign B. popular C. unusual D. unknown

8. A. Now that B. Even though C. Just because D. Except that

9. A. find B. turn C. leave D. hold

10. A. compare B. connect C. deal D. meet

11. A. events B. chances C. feelings D. moments

12. A. wondering B. figuring C. telling D. wanting

13. A. description B. point C. scene D. talk

14. A. Surprisingly B. Suddenly C. Expectedly D. Fortunately

15. A. cooking B. history C. play D. medicine

16. A. known B. sent C. realized D. ordered

17. A. unchanged B. excited C. determined D. unmoved

18. A. life B. city C. house D. way

19. A. because B. but C. although D. since

20. A. joy B. success C. variety D. work

When I was the boy， the most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring Festival. My grandma was the best cooker in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. One time， I just couldnt wait to the Spring Festival dinner. As I was about to take a piece from a cooked duck， I see Grandma in the kitchen looking at me. Shake her head， she said， “It isnt a good time do that， dear.” At once I apologized and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. You know， the dinner was that we had waited for several month.

1. 越來(lái)越多的村民動(dòng)身離開村莊去城里，決定去那里發(fā)財(cái)。（set off）

2. 湯姆經(jīng)常捉弄同學(xué)，最后他聲名狼藉，沒人愿意和他在一起。（play a trick on）

3. 我們都警告他可能發(fā)生的危險(xiǎn)，不要強(qiáng)迫那只大狗做它不想做的事。（warn ... of ...）

4. 我們匆忙趕到教室，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)那兒沒人，但誰(shuí)也不知道究竟發(fā)生了什么事。（only to do ...）

義工旅行指青年旅行者，在青年旅舍做義工換取免費(fèi)食宿，并在工作空余時(shí)間在當(dāng)?shù)赜瓮娴穆眯蟹绞?。它在?guó)外很常見，在國(guó)內(nèi)也越來(lái)越流行。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)所給要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文，談?wù)劻x工旅行。

內(nèi)容包括：

1. 什么是義工旅行；

2. 國(guó)內(nèi)外義工旅行的現(xiàn)狀；

3. 你對(duì)義工旅行的看法（如節(jié)省開支、體驗(yàn)不同文化……）。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：義工 volunteer 青年旅舍 youth hostel

Mark Twain in Hannibal馬克·吐溫在漢尼堡

When he wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn， Mark Twain turned Hannibal， Missouri—which he later described as a “white town bathing in the sunshine of a summers morning”—into an American literary Mecca. No other town in the country has stronger associations with an author， and Twain readily acknowledged its role in his success.

The relationship between Hannibal and Twain began in November 1839， when Twains father， John Clemens， decided to leave the hamlet of Florida， Missouri， and move east about 35 miles（56km） to the somewhat larger and more prosperous Hannibal， on the banks of the Mississippi River. Twain， then known as Samuel Clemens， marked his fourth birthday about a week after the family settled there. However， he showed little promise of becoming a long-term resident， because his health was so poor that his parents probably feared he would not survive childhood.

During the familys first few years in Hannibal， Twain was too young to understand fully the changes going on around him. About the time the family moved into their new home， Twains health improved dramatically. Instead of having to lead a quiet indoor life， he could roam the streets of Hannibal， climb the surrounding hills， explore the areas caves and splash about in local swimming holes.

Twains carefree days did not last long. His father used their house as collateral for a friends loan， and the creditor took possession when the loan failed. A physician who lived diagonally across the street from the family offered to let them live in his home. The Clemens family moved into that house sometime in late 1846. On March 24， 1847， John Clemens died. His wife， Jane Lampton Clemens， and their oldest son， Orion， managed to regain possession of the little house on Hill Street， and the family moved back into it that summer. These events dampened but did not extinguish Twains cheerful disposition.

Within a year of his fathers death， he quit school and became an apprentice printer， and when his brother Orion bought the Hannibal Journal in 1851， Twain went to work for him as a printer and editorial assistant. The stories he wrote for Orions paper， his first publications， taught him that he much preferred writing to typesetting. Thus， when he decided to leave Hannibal in May 1853， he already had an inkling of his future career.

當(dāng)馬克·吐溫撰寫《湯姆·索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》和《哈克貝里·費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記》時(shí)，他把密蘇里州的漢尼堡變成了美國(guó)文學(xué)的圣地（后來(lái)他描寫它如同一座“沐浴在夏日清晨陽(yáng)光下的安寧小鎮(zhèn)”）。在這個(gè)國(guó)家沒有哪一座城鎮(zhèn)會(huì)比這里與作家的關(guān)系更緊密的了，而且吐溫樂于承認(rèn)它在他取得成功中的作用。

漢尼堡與吐溫的關(guān)系始于1839年11月，當(dāng)時(shí)吐溫的父親約翰·克萊門斯，決定離開密蘇里州佛羅里達(dá)的小村子，遷往東35英里（56千米）位于密西西比河岸邊那座大點(diǎn)兒的、繁榮些的漢尼堡。當(dāng)一家人在那里定居大約一個(gè)星期后，吐溫（當(dāng)時(shí)叫塞繆爾·克萊門斯）過(guò)了他四歲的生日。然而他差點(diǎn)兒沒能成為那里的長(zhǎng)期居民，因?yàn)樗纳眢w很差以致父母擔(dān)心他可能會(huì)夭折。

在全家人住在漢尼堡的頭幾年里，吐溫因?yàn)樘∵€不能完全理解他周圍發(fā)生的變化。而在全家喬遷新居時(shí)，吐溫的身體戲劇性地好轉(zhuǎn)了。他不再被迫過(guò)著肅靜的室內(nèi)生活，而可以在漢尼堡的街道上隨處閑逛，攀爬周圍的小山，探尋那里的洞穴以及在當(dāng)?shù)氐乃独镦覒颉?/p>

吐溫?zé)o憂無(wú)慮的日子沒過(guò)多久。父親將他們的房子做了抵押，以便向一個(gè)朋友貸款，而當(dāng)貸款還不上時(shí)，這個(gè)債主占了抵押物。一位住在他家斜對(duì)面的醫(yī)生主動(dòng)提出讓他們住在他家。在1846年末的一個(gè)時(shí)候克萊門斯一家搬進(jìn)了那棟房子。1847年3月24日，約翰·克萊門斯去世。其妻簡(jiǎn)·蘭普頓·克萊門斯和長(zhǎng)子奧利翁，設(shè)法重新得到了希爾街那棟小屋的產(chǎn)權(quán)，并在那年夏天舉家搬了回去。這些事雖然很喪氣，但并沒有改變吐溫愉悅的個(gè)性。

父親去世的一年后，他輟了學(xué)并在印刷廠當(dāng)了學(xué)徒。當(dāng)1851年他哥哥奧利翁買下《漢尼堡日?qǐng)?bào)》時(shí)，吐溫去那里為哥哥干活，當(dāng)了一名印刷工兼編輯助理。他為奧利翁的報(bào)紙寫的故事，也是他的處女作，使他明白與排字工作相比自己更喜歡寫作。于是，當(dāng)他在1853年5月決定離開漢尼堡時(shí)，他對(duì)自己將來(lái)的事業(yè)已有了初步的勾畫。