基于聚光太陽(yáng)能熱發(fā)電的聯(lián)合循環(huán)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)

洪慧　彭爍　徐超

摘 要：針對(duì)我國(guó)西北沙漠地區(qū)太陽(yáng)能資源豐富但缺水嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，提出了一種間冷回?zé)崽?yáng)能燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)與卡林那相結(jié)合的聯(lián)合循環(huán)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)“比較法”，推導(dǎo)出太陽(yáng)能熱發(fā)電效率簡(jiǎn)明解析式。基于能的品位概念，采用EUD圖像分析方法，探討了新循環(huán)各個(gè)子過(guò)程的不可逆損失，指出了不可逆損失分布特征和太陽(yáng)能熱發(fā)電效率提高的潛力。通過(guò)分析關(guān)鍵參數(shù)對(duì)熱力性能的影響，揭示了這種太陽(yáng)能聯(lián)合循環(huán)的熱力特性規(guī)律。另外，針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)太陽(yáng)能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)在低輻照時(shí)不發(fā)電的現(xiàn)狀，提出了一種由太陽(yáng)能燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)循環(huán)、朗肯循環(huán)、卡林那循環(huán)組成的聯(lián)合循環(huán)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，并提出了一種新的運(yùn)行調(diào)變策略，根據(jù)太陽(yáng)輻照強(qiáng)度的變化切換系統(tǒng)流程，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)低輻照發(fā)電。以新疆地區(qū)的氣象條件為例，研究了系統(tǒng)四季典型日的變輻照運(yùn)行性能。

關(guān)鍵詞：太陽(yáng)能熱發(fā)電 熱力循環(huán) 卡琳娜循環(huán)

Abstract：In order to conserve water for solar thermal power plants in arid area， a new solar tower thermal power system integrating the intercooled gas turbine top cycle and the Kalina bottoming cycle is proposed. The thermodynamic performance of the proposed system is investigated， and the irreversibility of energy conversion is disclosed using the energy-utilization diagram method. A concise analytical formula of solar-to-electric efficiency of the proposed system is developed. As a result， the peak solar-to-electric efficiency of the proposed system is 27.5% at a gas turbine inlet temperature of 1000 °C under the designed solar direct normal irradiance of 800 W/m2. Compared with a conventional solar power tower plant， the proposed integrated system conserves approximately 69% of consumed water. On the other hand， a new solar-driven triple cycle is proposed to allow power generation during low insolation periods. A new operational strategy was presented to generate electricity during low isolation period without the backup of fossil fuel. The off-design performance was investigated and the irreversibility was disclosed with the aid of the energy-utilization diagram method. Thus， the proposed system can utilize low isolation to generate electricity.

Key Words：Concentrating solar power；Power cycle；Kalina cycle

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