“煤等含碳固體原料大規(guī)模高效清潔氣化的基礎(chǔ)研究”年度報(bào)告

王輔臣　代正華　李偉鋒

摘 要：煤炭是我國的基礎(chǔ)能源和戰(zhàn)略原料。該研究緊密圍繞氣化技術(shù)向大型化、多原料適應(yīng)性、近零排放等目標(biāo)推進(jìn)過程中出現(xiàn)的一些亟待解決的關(guān)鍵科學(xué)問題，開展基礎(chǔ)研究。該研究的實(shí)施將推進(jìn)具有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的煤氣化技術(shù)向大規(guī)模、高效、清潔化跨越，支撐煤基大宗化學(xué)品和液體燃料合成、IGCC發(fā)電、制氫、燃料電池、直接還原煉鐵及多聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)等過程工業(yè)的發(fā)展，保障國家能源安全，是國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的客觀要求，非常必要，十分緊迫。擬解決的關(guān)鍵科學(xué)問題是：煤等多種含碳固體原料高溫高壓氣化反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)、共氣化過程的相互作用機(jī)理及微量有害元素的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律；高溫、高壓下湍流多相混合與非均相反應(yīng)過程耦合機(jī)理、過程強(qiáng)化及火焰結(jié)構(gòu)特征；高溫、還原性氣氛下熔渣形成機(jī)理、流變特性及傳熱機(jī)理；多種原料高濃度漿體制備及超濃相氣力輸送特性與規(guī)律。預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：完善大規(guī)模高效清潔煤氣化過程的理論體系。在適應(yīng)靈活原料氣化、煤等含碳固體原料CO2超濃相輸送、低階煤改性制高濃度水煤漿、多種原料共氣化機(jī)理、微量有害元素遷移轉(zhuǎn)化機(jī)理、氣化爐內(nèi)多相混合與熱質(zhì)傳遞、高溫高壓下熔渣流動(dòng)與傳熱、氣化系統(tǒng)集成優(yōu)化等方面取得理論突破，支撐關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的發(fā)展，推動(dòng)氣化技術(shù)的跨越。

關(guān)鍵詞：含碳固體原料 大規(guī)模高效 清潔氣化

Abstract：Coal is the basic energy resource and strategic raw material in china. The project focuses on the fundamental study of some key scientific issues， which are needed to be resolved urgently during the developing process of gasificaton technology to large-scale， multi-adaptive materials， near-zero emissions etc. The project will promote gasification technology with self-owned intellectual property rights to be large-scale， highly efficient and clean， and support industry development such as synthesis of coal-based chemicals and liquid fuels， IGCC power generations， industrial hydrogen manufacturing， fuel cells， direct reduction iron-making and polygeneration systems， and ensure national energy security. The project is the objective requirements of the national economic and social sustainable development， and is very necessary and pressing. Key scientific problems of this program： The gasification kinetics of coal and other carbonaceous solids at high pressure and high temperature，the interaction mechanism of co-gasification，and the migration and conversion laws of harmful trace elements；The coupling mechanism， process intensification and flame structure characteristics of multiphase turbulence mixing and non-homogeneous reactions at high pressure and high temperature； The formation mechanism， rheological properties and heat transfer mechanism of slag at high temperature and reducing atmosphere； The preparation of high concentration slurry with a wide range of raw materials，and the pneumatic conveying characteristics and laws of super dense phase. Anticipated targets of this program： Improve theoretical system of the large-scale， high efficiency efficient and clean coal gasification process. Promote the theories of flexible raw materials gasification， the super-high dense phase conveying of coal and other carbonaceous solids via CO2， the preparation of high concentrated slurry through low rank coal modification ， the co-gasification mechanism of multiple materials， the migration and transformation laws of hazardous elements， the multi-phase mixing and heat and mass transfer insider the gasifier， the slag flow and heat transfer at high temperature and high pressure， the integration and optimization of gasification system and other aspects. Use these theories to support the development of key technology and drive the gasification technology to transcend.

Key Words：Carbonaceous solid material；Large scale and high efficiency；Clean gasification

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