機(jī)組工作負(fù)荷模擬飛行測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn)

王黎靜　何雪麗

摘要：測(cè)量民用飛機(jī)機(jī)組工作負(fù)荷是為了檢驗(yàn)規(guī)定的飛行任務(wù)是否超過(guò)機(jī)組人員的能力范圍，以確保機(jī)組人員能夠快速安全地完成任務(wù)。工作負(fù)荷的在線飛行測(cè)量是最小機(jī)組適航審定的重要測(cè)量手段。因此，本研究在多名民用航空飛行員、ARJ21和C919飛行教員協(xié)助工作下，開(kāi)展了三次模擬飛行工作負(fù)荷測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中采用主觀評(píng)價(jià)（SWAT量表、NASA量表、Bedford量表）及生理測(cè)量（眼動(dòng)測(cè)量、心電測(cè)量）對(duì)各飛行階段下的工作負(fù)荷進(jìn)行測(cè)量研究。本研究對(duì)測(cè)量指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了篩選，同時(shí)對(duì)各指標(biāo)對(duì)工作負(fù)荷評(píng)測(cè)的適用性進(jìn)行了分析。通過(guò)這三次測(cè)量研究，明確和完善了在線飛行機(jī)組工作負(fù)荷的測(cè)量方法和測(cè)量技術(shù)，并且明確了相關(guān)的測(cè)量指標(biāo)。

關(guān)鍵詞：工作負(fù)荷；主觀評(píng)價(jià)；生理測(cè)量；最小機(jī)組；適航審定

Abstract：Methods measuring crew workload has been developed to ensure the mandate does not exceed the capacity of the crew， which can ensure the safety of the crew to quickly complete the task. The online flight measurement of workload is the important means of measurement for the smallest unit airworthiness. Therefore， in this study， the work to measure the workload in three simulated flight missions were carried out with the assistance of some civil aviation （ARJ21 and C919） flight instructors. Experiments of subjective evaluation （SWAT Scale， NASA Scale and Bedford Scale） and physiological measurement （REM measurements and ECG measurements） were used for workload measurement in each phase of flight missions. The indexes of the workload measurements were screened and analyzed for the evaluation of workload. Through this study， the measurement scheme and measurement techniques in online flight were cleared and improved， and the relevant measure indexes were defined.

Keywords：Workload； Subjective Evaluation； Physiological Measurement； Minimum Flight Crew； Airworthiness Certification