不飽和烴高效轉(zhuǎn)化中的新催化體系研究

王從洋

摘 要：催化劑在現(xiàn)代有機(jī)反應(yīng)中占核心地位，眾多知名反應(yīng)的發(fā)現(xiàn)和發(fā)展都以新催化劑和催化體系的發(fā)現(xiàn)為基礎(chǔ)。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展對化學(xué)提出越來越高的要求，圍繞不飽和烴催化轉(zhuǎn)化反應(yīng)在催化效率、選擇性、原子經(jīng)濟(jì)性和實(shí)用性等各個(gè)方面都面臨著巨大挑戰(zhàn)。因此，迫切需要針對存在的挑戰(zhàn)性難題發(fā)展新型的催化劑和催化體系。催化劑的種類繁多，不同類反應(yīng)（甚至不同底物的同類反應(yīng)）對催化劑的結(jié)構(gòu)都有不同的要求，因此，催化劑的結(jié)構(gòu)創(chuàng)新，發(fā)展結(jié)構(gòu)可調(diào)的催化劑，特別是有一定優(yōu)勢結(jié)構(gòu)的催化劑是不飽和烴高效轉(zhuǎn)化的關(guān)鍵問題。同時(shí)催化劑的創(chuàng)新性運(yùn)用，如，多種催化劑的協(xié)同作用，對反應(yīng)的優(yōu)化和新反應(yīng)的發(fā)現(xiàn)也有重要意義。

關(guān)鍵詞：不飽和烴 不對稱催化 催化劑 全合成

Abstract： Catalysts play an essential role in modern organic syntheses and green chemistry， which is the key basis for the discovery and evolution of a wide range of name reactions. The expectation of sustainable chemistry poses great challenges for the transformations of unsaturated hydrocarbons in terms of the efficiency of catalysis， reaction selectivities， atom economy， and the applicability of reactions， among others. Therefore， the development of new types of catalytic systems to meet these challenges is highly desirable. Due to the variety of reactions relies mainly on the structures of catalysts， the design and development of novel catalysts with easily tunable structure is the key for high efficient transformations of unsaturated hydrocarbons. Moreover， the implication of multiple catalysts to generate a synergic effect has also great importance to explore for new reactions. In the past two years， we have developed a series of highly efficient chiral catalysts marked with our specialty， such as bioinspired-primary-amine catalysts， N-heterocyclic carbine catalysts， supermolecular catalysts， and so on. Furthermore， a plethora of new reactions and the total syntheses of important natural products were achieved. As a result， 59 SCI publications were obtained and 11 patents were applied.

Key Words： Unsaturated hydrocarbons； Asymmetric catalysis； Catalysts； Total syntheses

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