語(yǔ)法填空專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

湖北 徐鴻鳴

語(yǔ)法填空專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

湖北 徐鴻鳴

Passage 1

When times become difficul（tand you know they sometimes will），remember__1_moment in your life that was filled with joy and_2_（happy）. Remember how it made you feel，and you will have the strength you need to get through any trial.

When life__3_（throw）you one more obstacle than you think you can handle，remember something you achieved through perseverance and by_4_（struggle）to the end. In doing so，youl’l find you have the ability to overcome each obstacle brought your way.

When you find yourself exhausted and short_5_ energy，remember to find a shelter and rest.

Take the necessary time in your own life_6_（dream）your dreams and renew your energy，so youl’l be ready to face each new day.

When you feel tension building，find something fun to do. Youl’l find that the stress you feel_7_（be）relieved and your thoughts will become__8_（clear）.

Your’e listening to Faith Radio Online—Simply to Relax _9_ Im’ Faith. When your’e faced with so many negative and difficult situations，realize how insignificant problems will seem when you view_10_（you）life as a whole—and remember the positive things.

Passage 2

The important thing in life is to have a great goal and the determination to attain it. Living without a goal is like_1_（sail）without a compass. Lack of purpose is the cause of most of our_2_（failure）. When a great aim has been decided on，determination and persistence are most important. _3_Benjamin Franklin said，“He who is patient can have whatever he wants.”This persistence is necessary；_4_（success）people expect periodic defeats，learn what went wrong and why，and make necessary adjustments，and try again. If you are persistent，you will almost_5_（definite）succeed. When Ludwig van Beethoven，“the Michelangelo of Music”，_6_（reach）his peak，he was totally deaf. If you study_7_（he）biography，and get acquainted with his trials，his hardships，battles，and triumphed over fate. Success seldom comes easily on the first try. What_8_（separate）the successful from the unsuccessful is persistence. Many organizational analysts and career consultants consider persistence to be ultimate key_9_success at both the organizational and personal level. Successful people also fail occasionally，__1__0_they do not let their failures defeat their spirit.

Passage 3

Grinding an Iron Rod into a Needle

Li Bai was a great poet in the Tang Dynasty of China.

It is said_1_in his childhood，he__2_（be）very fond of playing and afraid of_3_（difficult），and made slow progress in his studies.

One day， 4_his way home after school，he walked by a creek and saw_5_old woman grinding a very，very thick iron rod.

Out of__6_（curious），he went to the old woman and asked：“Old grandma，why are you grinding this iron rod?”

The old woman replied：“_7_（make）a needle.”

At this moment，Li Bai felt more curious and asked again：“How can you grind such a thick iron rod into a needle?”

“Yes，I can. I_8_（certain）can，”the old woman said.“If one_9_（work）with constant effort，one can grind an iron rod into a needle.”

_10_（hear）the old woman’s words，Li Bai was enlightened（開(kāi)明的，被啟發(fā)的）. Since then，Li Bai studiedhard and made rapid progress. Eventually he became a famous poet.

Passage 4

A Letter to Apply for a Student Loan

Dear Sir or Madam，

I am a freshman in Peking University__1_（major）in Civil Engineering. I am applying to your bank for a loan of 10 000 yuan. It is hard for me_2_（make）the application，but I have to. Last year both my parents_3_（be）laid off，and to make matters_4_（bad），three months ago my mother was discovered to have caught a serious disease._5_，I could not get support for my study from my family any more. But I treasure_6_opportunity to go to college very much，and I have no_7_（choose）but to ask for your help. If the application__8_（approve），all the money will go to my tuition and fees for the next two years. I guarantee to repay the loan_9_five years，that is，one year after my graduation. _10_（attach）are documents confirming my statements. I would be greatly obliged if my application is granted. Many thanks.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

【參考答案與解析】

Passage 1

【文章大意】當(dāng)你身陷困境或感覺(jué)筋疲力盡時(shí)，多想想你生命中快樂(lè)和幸福的時(shí)刻，以及自己的夢(mèng)想，一切都會(huì)好起來(lái)。

【文章來(lái)源】http：//www.langfly.com/a/20100721/114643. shtml

1. a?？疾楣谠~。moment在此處表示“時(shí)刻，一段時(shí)間”，故前面應(yīng)用不定冠詞修飾，表示“一段時(shí)間”。

2. happiness。考查名詞。and為并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)，空格前面的“joy”為抽象名詞，故后面也應(yīng)使用名詞，happy的名詞形式為happiness。

3. throws?？疾橹髦^一致。life為抽象名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。且此句根據(jù)上下文可知，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故應(yīng)填throws。

4. struggling。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?？崭袂暗摹癰y”為介詞，后面應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞形式，表示“通過(guò)做某事的方式”。

5. of?？疾榻樵~?！癰e short of ”為固定搭配，表示“缺少，短缺”，故此處應(yīng)填of。

6. to dream?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意“利用生活中必要的時(shí)間來(lái)構(gòu)思自己的夢(mèng)想”可知，此處應(yīng)填不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。

7. will be?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上文中的“You’ll find that...”及下文中的“and your thoughts will become...”可知，此處時(shí)態(tài)也應(yīng)與前后文的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，故應(yīng)使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。

8. clearer?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)。句意為：當(dāng)壓力得到緩解后，思維就會(huì)變得更為清晰。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)使用形容詞比較級(jí)形式。

9. and。考查連詞。句意為：您正在收聽(tīng)的是Faith Radio Online—Simply to Relax，我是Faith。這兩個(gè)分句之間是自然承接關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用and來(lái)連接。

10. your。考查代詞。此句的主語(yǔ)是“you”，后面的賓語(yǔ)也應(yīng)該是第二人稱(chēng)，此處意為“意識(shí)到相對(duì)于你的整個(gè)生命”，因空格后面是名詞，故此處只能用形容詞性物主代詞“your”來(lái)修飾life。

Passage 2

【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文，講述了一個(gè)人要成功應(yīng)具備的素質(zhì)——應(yīng)有目標(biāo)以及實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的決心，此外堅(jiān)持也是必需的。

【文章來(lái)源】http：//wenku.baidu.com/link?url=R5Q2f EQ0PdotTlqC0mTuj7fcOFxFhmHkjeC4tYA89KFg6LqbX7U BAwBVws0mlR2iHOF26sFPRI4U7P3WxdT8USIOmp6w_4q rFOJZEeZOqbS

1. sailing。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。like是介詞，介詞后面的動(dòng)詞必須使用動(dòng)名詞形式。故應(yīng)填sailing。

2. failures。考查名詞。failure是可數(shù)名詞，此處泛指很多次的失敗，故應(yīng)使用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。

3. As?？疾檫B詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句屬于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句位于主句之前，且表示“正如……”，只能用as引導(dǎo)。

4. successful?？疾樾稳菰~。由空格后是名詞可知，此空應(yīng)用形容詞來(lái)修飾people。

5. definitely。考查副詞。根據(jù)前后句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)使用副詞形式，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞succeed。

6. reached?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。貝多芬已是古人，故此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

7. his。考查代詞。空格前的“study（研究）”是及物動(dòng)詞，空格后的“biography（傳記）”是名詞，故空格處應(yīng)使用形容詞性的物主代詞his，表示“他的傳記”。

8. separates?？疾橹髦^一致。此句中what引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，而what代指的是后面表語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，表示整體，應(yīng)屬于單數(shù)，故動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。

9. to?？疾榻樵~搭配。當(dāng)表示“……的鑰匙”時(shí)，必須使用“the key to...”來(lái)搭配。

10. but?？疾檫B詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處應(yīng)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填but。

Passage 3

【文章大意】“只要功夫深，鐵杵磨成針”的故事在中國(guó)可謂是家喻戶曉，本文重溫李白少年時(shí)期這一經(jīng)典故事，旨在指導(dǎo)青少年學(xué)生做任何事都要肯下真功夫。

【文章來(lái)源】http：//www.kekenet.com/read/201510/ 399567.shtml

1. that?？疾槌Ｓ镁涫??！癐t is said that...”是常用句式，意為“據(jù)說(shuō)……”，此處that不能省略。

2. was。考查時(shí)態(tài)。李白是唐朝人物，是很遙遠(yuǎn)的過(guò)去，故此處應(yīng)填一般過(guò)去時(shí)形式was。

3. difficulties?？疾槊~?？崭袂暗膐f是介詞，后面應(yīng)使用名詞形式，difficulty表示“困難，難題”，是可數(shù)名詞，故此處應(yīng)填difficulties，意即李白害怕多種困難。

4. on?？疾榻樵~?！皁n one’s way home”是固定表達(dá)，表示“在某人回家的路上”，故此處應(yīng)填介詞on。

5. an?？疾楣谠~。此處表示“李白看見(jiàn)一個(gè)老奶奶”，老奶奶在此屬于泛指，又因“old”以元音音素開(kāi)頭，故應(yīng)填an。

6. curiosity?？疾槊~。空格前的“out of ”是介詞短語(yǔ)，后面應(yīng)接名詞，curious的名詞形式是curiosity。

7. To make。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此句是承接上文“why are you grinding this iron rod?”，磨鐵杵是為了做成針，故應(yīng)使用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。

8. certainly?？崭窈笫乔閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞can，此處只能使用副詞對(duì)can加以強(qiáng)調(diào)，意即“我肯定能”。

9. works?？疾橹髦^一致。此處是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，句子不能使用將來(lái)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是“one”，為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。

10. Hearing。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是狀語(yǔ)，因hear的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子主語(yǔ)“Li Bai”，為主動(dòng)，故應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞Hearing。

Passage 4

【文章大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，一個(gè)剛?cè)氪髮W(xué)的學(xué)生向一家銀行申請(qǐng)貸款，并敘述了自己申請(qǐng)的原因和所遇到的困難。

【文章來(lái)源】http：//www.docin.com/p-1279834300. html+原創(chuàng)

1. majoring?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處作定語(yǔ)，修飾“freshman”，故應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，表示“學(xué)習(xí)土木工程的大學(xué)新生”。

2. to make。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！癐t is +形容詞+ for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，故此處應(yīng)用不定式形式。

3. were?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句首的“Last year”可知，此處應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，又因主語(yǔ)是“both my parents”，故此處應(yīng)填were。

4. worse?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)?！皌o make matters worse”是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“更糟的是……”，是一種表示糟糕情況的遞進(jìn)。

5. Therefore。考查副詞。前面敘述了母親被發(fā)現(xiàn)得了重病，下文講到不能從家里得到經(jīng)濟(jì)援助，故中間應(yīng)使用therefore，表示因果關(guān)系。

6. the。考查冠詞。此處意為“珍惜上大學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)”，機(jī)會(huì)是特指，故其前面應(yīng)用定冠詞the修飾。

7. choice?？疾槊~?？崭袂笆切稳菰~性不定代詞no，可知此處應(yīng)使用名詞形式，且“I have no choice but to do...”也是一種固定句型，表示“除了……別無(wú)選擇”。

8. is approved?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。申請(qǐng)是被批準(zhǔn)的，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且此處是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，從句中不能使用將來(lái)時(shí)，故答案為is approved。

9. within/in。根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)表示“在五年之內(nèi)”，不會(huì)是五年之后或之前，因此介詞應(yīng)使用within或in。

10. Attached。考查形容詞。此句是倒裝句，還原后是“documents are attached confirming my statements”?！癰e attached（to）”是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，表示“附上”，在“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)句中作表語(yǔ)的詞提至句首時(shí)，應(yīng)倒裝，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“表語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”。

（作者單位：湖北省巴東縣第一中學(xué)）