不可不知的冬奧會(huì)歷史

張祖平

1. The first Winter Olympic Games were held in 1924， in Chamonix， France.

1924年，法國(guó)城市夏蒙尼舉辦了第一屆冬奧會(huì)。

2. 250 athletes1 coming from 16 nations competed2 in the 16 events of the first Winter Olympics.

16個(gè)國(guó)家的250名運(yùn)動(dòng)員參加了首屆冬奧會(huì)16個(gè)項(xiàng)目的角逐。

3. The 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi saw a number of 2，800 athletes from 88 countries， competing in 7 sports over 98 events.

2014年俄羅斯索契冬奧會(huì)上，來(lái)自88個(gè)國(guó)家的2800位運(yùn)動(dòng)員參加了比賽，在7種運(yùn)動(dòng)的98個(gè)項(xiàng)目上進(jìn)行了角逐。

4. The United States has hosted the Winter Olympics four times： Lake Placid in 1932 and 1980， Squaw Valley in 1960， and Salt Lake City in 2002.

美國(guó)已經(jīng)舉辦過(guò)四屆冬奧會(huì)：1932年和1980年的普萊西德湖冬奧會(huì)、1960年斯闊谷冬奧會(huì)、2002年鹽湖城冬奧會(huì)。

5. No country in the Southern Hemisphere3 has ever hosted a Winter Olympics.

南半球迄今為止沒(méi)有國(guó)家舉辦過(guò)冬奧會(huì)。

6. Twelve countries have sent athletes to every Winter Olympics： Austria， Canada， Finland， France， Great Britain， Hungary， Italy， Norway， Poland， Sweden， Switzerland and the United States. Six of those countries have won a medal at every games： Austria， Canada， Finland， Norway， Sweden and the US.

12個(gè)國(guó)家每屆冬奧會(huì)都派運(yùn)動(dòng)員參賽：奧地利、加拿大、芬蘭、法國(guó)、英國(guó)、匈牙利、意大利、挪威、波蘭、瑞典、瑞士和美國(guó)。上述國(guó)家中，有六個(gè)國(guó)家每屆冬奧會(huì)都獲得獎(jiǎng)牌：奧地利、加拿大、芬蘭、挪威、瑞典和美國(guó)。

7. Norway has won the most gold （118）， the most silver （111）， the most bronze （100） and the most total medals （329） of any nation at the Winter Olympics.

挪威贏得了最多的金牌（118枚）、最多的銀牌（111枚）、最多的銅牌（100枚），總獎(jiǎng)牌數(shù)也居首位（329枚）。

8. American Eddie Eagan is the only person in history to have won a gold medal at both the Winter and Summer Olympics.

美國(guó)的埃迪·伊根是歷史上唯一一位在冬奧會(huì)和夏奧會(huì)上都獲得金牌的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。

9. Before the start of the 2014 Games in Sochi， the Olympic torch traveled the longest distance in history to some amazing places， including the North Pole， the bottom of Lake Baikal （the worlds deepest lake）， the top of Mount Elbrus （Europes highest mountain）， and even into outer space.

2014年索契冬奧會(huì)開(kāi)始之前，奧運(yùn)火炬進(jìn)行了歷史上最長(zhǎng)的傳遞，途徑一些神奇的區(qū)域，包括：北極、貝加爾湖（世界最深湖）底部、厄爾布魯士山脈（歐洲最高的山脈）和外太空。

10. They were suspended4 following the 1936 Olympics until 1948 due to World War II.

1936年之后，冬奧會(huì)因?yàn)榈诙问澜绱髴?zhàn)而中斷，直到1948年恢復(fù)。

11. Only the top three competitors receive a medal. The top eight competitors receive a diploma5 from the IOC.

只有前三名參賽者才能獲得獎(jiǎng)牌，前八名參賽者可以從國(guó)際奧委會(huì)獲得證書(shū)。

12. Women will be allowed to compete in ski-jump for the first time at the Sochi games. It was a male-only competition before that.

索契冬奧會(huì)上，女子首次被允許參加滑雪跳高賽，此前，只有男子才能參加。

13. In the Winter Olympics in 1980 at Lake Placid， it was the first time man-made snow had to be used.

1980年的普萊西德湖冬奧會(huì)上首次使用了人造雪。

14. The Summer Olympics and Winter Olympics used to be held in the same year. It was last seen in 1992. After this， they alternated6， being two years apart.

夏奧會(huì)和冬奧會(huì)曾經(jīng)在同一年中舉辦，這種情形一直持續(xù)到1992年。此后，兩者交替舉辦，中間間隔兩年。

15. Sochi is the warmest city to hold the Winter Olympic Games to date.

俄羅斯的索契是迄今為止舉辦冬奧會(huì)最暖和的城市。