車田村游客接待中心，貴安，貴州，中國

建筑設(shè)計：魏浩波，謝勁松/西線工作室

車田村游客接待中心，貴安，貴州，中國

建筑設(shè)計：魏浩波，謝勁松/西線工作室

1 外景/Exterior view

場地秩序＋形式原型＋基本建造

車田村游客接待中心位于貴州省中部貴安國家級開發(fā)新區(qū)的車田村內(nèi)。車田村是一山地石頭村落，沿開闊地與河流平行退臺布局。該村的空間結(jié)構(gòu)是典型的無主次等級的單元平行復(fù)加模式。車田村的整體成形方式雖然是常見的平行組織方式，但其所特有的矩形基本單元體的自發(fā)串聯(lián)生長成條形單元組的現(xiàn)象，條形單元組所具備的通過轉(zhuǎn)折、環(huán)繞等方式自我再構(gòu)空間的能力，以及相鄰的若干條形單元組在端部相互咬合的特點，使其形成了特殊的“單元同構(gòu)+列平行+咬合節(jié)點”的場地秩序。

由此，在車田村游客接待中心的設(shè)計中嘗試導(dǎo)入這種“單元同構(gòu)+列平行+咬合節(jié)點”的場地秩序作為空間生成機制：將建筑劃分為從面向道路交叉口的廣場向后山遞進的3列不同空間類型與建造方式的平行條帶，這樣的處理既承續(xù)了車田村典型的平行控制方式，也有效地利用了平行條帶可靈活處理不規(guī)則場地的特點。

此3列平行帶均采用了“L”型轉(zhuǎn)折的空間同構(gòu)方式；直面交叉口前三角廣場的條帶一，空間類別為“院”，通過多次“L”型折轉(zhuǎn)完成院落圍合，采用普通的磚砌體建造方式，通體白色粉刷，是具有儀式性原境的入口空間；條帶二地處基地中最寬的地段，空間類別為“巷”，在充分利用地形進行“L”型拉伸扭轉(zhuǎn)之后，在北端繞出一方小小的含男女洗手間的功能組，通體運用車田村傳統(tǒng)的“石頭砌筑+干抹”工藝，蘊含了曲徑通幽的石巷原境；條帶三體量最大，空間類別為“堂”，基本建造方式為常態(tài)的“框架結(jié)構(gòu)+填充墻+外墻當?shù)厥姆竺妗?，系帶有回味質(zhì)感的游客接待中心主功能區(qū)。內(nèi)部亦遵循單元體成條、條組平行的方式進行功能分區(qū)，且在靠近條帶一與條帶二的南側(cè)端頭刻意做了個“L”型的突然轉(zhuǎn)折，由此將3個條帶咬合成一個整體，將平行控制模式無精確邊沿界限的狀態(tài)調(diào)整為以某種特定的場地結(jié)構(gòu)作為收束。3列條帶在形式處理上突出了車田村老房子“墻圍合+墻排排”的形式原型,只是將墻與墻的平等關(guān)系有意識地轉(zhuǎn)化為有秩序的等級關(guān)系?？傊?這種各單元條帶各自“L”型同構(gòu)后再平行復(fù)加的組織模式，既保持了列與列間相對的獨立性，亦獲取了平行組合所具有的勻質(zhì)性與整體性，由此透射出重復(fù)性與差異性共存的鄉(xiāng)土空間控制思維。

總之，車田村游客接待中心系“場地秩序＋形式原型＋基本建造”的工作方式投射的結(jié)果：1）研究場地秩序是試圖將漫長鄉(xiāng)土社會中日積月累的處理復(fù)雜地形的場地控制經(jīng)驗轉(zhuǎn)換為空間生發(fā)的基本控制骨架，這骨架浸透著傳統(tǒng)生活慣性的烙?。?）企圖通過對形式原型的操作與變形控制，保持形象的身份認同與基本穩(wěn)定，達成某種似曾相識的淵源感；3）技術(shù)是生活世界的物象化，不管什么樣的技術(shù)，已經(jīng)在此的、正在生成的或?qū)⒁傻亩嫉旎诋敃r當?shù)氐纳钍澜邕@一基礎(chǔ)和源泉之上。

2 效果圖/Rendering

Site order + prototype + and basic construction

Chetian Village Tourist Center is located at the heart of China's Guizhou Province, in the national new development zone of Guian. Chetian's standard groupings of units are spread across various plains alongside the foot of the hill range which runs in parallel with the small river. The spatial layouts of these three bands of units come in a classic reproductive and parallel formation. With the spontaneous expansion of these common but highly adaptive bands of units, the arrangement eventually turns into a phenomenon in which the toothed part of these parallel units conform towards one another in creation of a natural site order.

Therefore we integrated the unique characteristics of the units mentioned above into our Chetian Village Tourist Center, which created a highly adaptive spatial formation in parallel with the surrounding roads as well as the hills.

These three parallel bands of units produce L-shape spaces in an isomorphic fashion. The repetitive L-shape turns eventually create a space similar to that of a courtyard, categorized in China as "yuan". The surrounding walls of the courtyard adopt bluestone masonry and are cohesively painted in white, which creates a ritualistic atmosphere for the stone alleyway entrance. The space formed by the second band is categorized as "Xiang" (alley), which is located in the widest part of the site. By stretching and twisting the L shape, additional space is produced for a restroom at the north end of the site. Chetian Village's traditional stone masonry and wipe-dry technics are also adopted to capture the essence of a winding stone path into a secluded space. The third band takes up the largest volume of the site, a space categorized as "Tang" (hall). This area is the main functional part of the tourist center. An aftertaste is brought about by the basic frame structure and the filler and exterior walls of local stones. The interior units follow the parallel pattern of the band and are partitioned according to their functions. We deliberately put a turn near the south end of the first band and the second band in order to combine the three bands into one structural unity. We went beyond the traditional methods of expansion by predetermining the parameters of the project, putting the relationship among each of the walls in an orderly hierarchy, and emphasizing the functions of each section. Nevertheless, we preserved the traditional L-shape units in aim of retaining the relative independence among the parallel bands while gaining the benefits of uniformity and integrity. Our project displays the repeatability and uniqueness of the local spatial control.

The Chetian Village Tourist Center displays a design concept of "site order + prototype + basic method of construction", which leads to the following conclusions: 1) We research on site order is an attempt to transform the local experience in handling complex landforms into a basic framework for continuous spaces, a framework that embraces the village's traditional way of living. 2) We retain the unique characteristics of the village in our prototype while maintaining control through transformation of design. 3) We believe that technology is the materialization of life, therefore, no matter how advanced technology becomes, it must adapt to the place, the times and the life which it belongs to.

項目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client：貴州貴安文化旅游投資有限公司/Guizhou Gui'an Cultural Tourism Investment Co.,Ltd.

主持建筑師/Principal Architects：魏浩波，謝勁松/WEI Haobo, XIE Jinsong

建筑設(shè)計/Architectural Design：魏浩波，馬寧/WEI Haobo, MA Ning

設(shè)計單位/Design Team：西線工作室/Westline Studio

室內(nèi)設(shè)計師/Interior Designers：魏浩波，謝勁松，馬寧，吳蛟/WEI Haobo, XIE Jinsong, MA Ning, WU Jiao

結(jié)構(gòu)工程師/Structural Engineers：李元平，楊小強/LI Yuanping, YANG Xiaoqiang

圖紙審核/Drawings Verifier：周可/ZHOU Ke

現(xiàn)場負責(zé)/On-site Controller：唐曉，張波紋，李新鑫/ TANG Xiao, ZHANG Bowen, LI Xinxin

項目功能/Program：游客接待，導(dǎo)覽，休息與紀念/Tourist reception, information center, resting place and souvenir shop結(jié)構(gòu)形式/Structure：磚混，傳統(tǒng)石砌，框架/Brick, traditional barnacle, and frame

層數(shù)/Number of Floors：2

建筑材料/Materials：磚，車田村當?shù)厥?，混凝土，清水混凝土掛?Bricks, local stones, concrete, fair-faced concrete slabs

建筑面積/Floor Area：935m2

設(shè)計時間/Design Period：2014

攝影/Photos：謝勁松，歐明華/XIE Jinsong, OU Minghua

3 總圖/Site plan

4 剖面/Section

5 外景/Exterior views 7 施工中/Under construction

6 外景/Exterior views

7 施工中/Under construction

8 外景/Exterior views

評論

方曉風(fēng)：這是一個常規(guī)的旅游配套設(shè)施項目，但建筑師走出了符號拼貼的俗套。建筑師一方面依據(jù)所在村落的空間原型組織布局結(jié)構(gòu)，一方面挖掘和塑造場地所蘊含的詩意。彩色玻璃的介入在南方炎熱的氣候條件下有其特殊意義，嶺南園林和民居中曾有大量運用，這個項目突破了傳統(tǒng)裝飾性的使用手法，而將其與空間的序列和節(jié)奏變化結(jié)合在一起，表現(xiàn)力更勝一籌。筆者更欣賞的是設(shè)計者在此案中顯現(xiàn)的文化心態(tài)，平和而自信，用現(xiàn)代的技術(shù)和語言吟出了一首地域化的小詩。

魯安東：扭曲的空間

這是一個內(nèi)向性的建筑，一個從場地開始向內(nèi)收縮、折疊、包裹、最終營造意境的建構(gòu)過程?？臻g是唯一的關(guān)鍵詞，形式秩序、材料工藝、傳統(tǒng)意境都是它一體三面的具現(xiàn)。它并非一個接待中心，甚至也不是一個展覽空間，它是一次空間展覽，或者說其本身就是展品。這個建筑是對“場地”的一次空間實驗，但與地方“場所”無關(guān)。

Comments

FANG Xiaofeng: This is a common tourist facility project. What makes it uncommon is the architects' way of design going beyond the collage of symbols. On the one hand, the architects organize the layout structure based on the village's spatial prototype. On the other hand, they explore and establish the poetic connotations of the site. The use of color glass has special significance in hot climatic conditions of southern China. Indeed, it was used in large quantities in Lingnan gardens and residences. Breaking from thetraditional practice of using color glass as decoration, this project integrates it with spatial sequence and rhythm variation which achieved a more powerful expression. Personally, I appreciate more the cultural mentality of peace and confidence expressed through the project by the architects, who have uttered a localized poem with modern technology and language.

9 外景/Exterior views

10 外景/Exterior views

11 外景/Exterior views

LU Andong: Twisted Space

This is an introversive architecture, a building process starting from the site, then shrinking inward, followed by folding, enveloping, and ending with the setting up of atmosphere. Space is the only keyword, while formal hierarchy, materials and crafts, traditional images are its three embodiments. It is not a reception center, nor an exhibition space, but an exhibition OF space, or in another word, an object to be exhibited itself. This architecture is a spatial exercise on the "Site", but irrelevant to the local "Place".

Chetian Village Tourist Center, Gui'an, Guizhou, China, 2014

Architects：WEI Haobo, XIE Jinsong/Westline Studio