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      實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)檢測妊娠晚期孕婦和新生兒B族溶血性鏈球菌價(jià)值的系統(tǒng)評價(jià)和Meta分析

      2015-04-20 03:36:26鄭雪艷
      中國循證兒科雜志 2015年3期
      關(guān)鍵詞:匯總敏感度異質(zhì)性

      鄭雪艷 韋 紅

      ?

      ·論著·

      實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)檢測妊娠晚期孕婦和新生兒B族溶血性鏈球菌價(jià)值的系統(tǒng)評價(jià)和Meta分析

      鄭雪艷 韋 紅

      目的 評價(jià)實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR(RT-PCR)檢測妊娠晚期孕婦和新生兒B族溶血性鏈球菌(GBS)的價(jià)值,為GBS感染早期診斷提供依據(jù)。方法檢索PubMed、Cochrane圖書館、中國生物醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫、維普數(shù)據(jù)庫、萬方數(shù)據(jù)庫和中國知網(wǎng),收集RT-PCR用于妊娠晚期孕婦及生后7 d內(nèi)新生兒GBS并與細(xì)菌培養(yǎng)金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)比較的診斷性研究,檢索時(shí)間均從建庫至2015年5月。行文獻(xiàn)質(zhì)量評價(jià),提取診斷參數(shù),采用Meta Disc1.4 軟件進(jìn)行Meta分析,計(jì)算匯總敏感度、特異度、陽性似然比和陰性似然比,繪制匯總受試者工作特征(SROC)曲線,計(jì)算曲線下面積(AUC),評估RT-PCR檢測GBS的診斷價(jià)值。結(jié)果17篇文獻(xiàn)(20項(xiàng)研究)進(jìn)入Meta分析,其中英文15篇,中文2篇,共納入研究對象5 660例,5 938個(gè)研究標(biāo)本。①M(fèi)eta分析結(jié)果顯示,RT-PCR檢測GBS的匯總敏感度為0.92(95%CI:0.90~0.94) , 特異度為0.94(95%CI:0.93~0.95) ,陽性似然比為13.81(95%CI:8.80~21.69) ,陰性似然比為0.11(95%CI:0.06~0.20),SROC AUC為 0.972 1, Q*指數(shù)為0.923 3。②分別剔除樣本量<100、中文語種、樣本采集時(shí)間不明確和靶基因不明的文獻(xiàn)行敏感性分析,顯示剔除文獻(xiàn)后各診斷參數(shù)95%CI與原數(shù)據(jù)基本重疊。③各診斷參數(shù)的文獻(xiàn)間存在顯著的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)異質(zhì)性,亞組分析提示研究對象和靶基因可解釋部分異質(zhì)性來源,樣本類型可能不是異質(zhì)性的來源。結(jié)論現(xiàn)有證據(jù)顯示,RT-PCR檢測GBS價(jià)值較高,可作為妊娠晚期孕婦和新生兒診斷GBS感染的重要檢測手段之一。

      實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR; B型溶血性鏈球菌; 診斷; 新生兒; 敏感度; 特異度; 系統(tǒng)評價(jià); Meta分析

      B族溶血性鏈球菌(GBS)是新生兒早發(fā)型感染主要的致病菌之一,主要由新生兒經(jīng)產(chǎn)道時(shí)感染。GBS常引起新生兒肺炎、敗血癥、化膿性腦膜炎等重癥感染,危及患兒的生命或殘留神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)不良結(jié)局。2002年世界疾病預(yù)防控制中心(CDC)和美國兒科學(xué)會(AAP)提出開展產(chǎn)前GBS篩查后,新生兒GBS感染率下降了80%;2010年CDC推薦行產(chǎn)前GBS狀態(tài)的篩查及抗生素預(yù)防治療[1]。有研究表明,GBS感染的孕婦預(yù)防性使用抗生素能有效降低新生兒GBS感染發(fā)生率[2~4],但晚近的Meta分析表明,對存在高危因素的新生兒產(chǎn)時(shí)或產(chǎn)前母親預(yù)防性使用抗生素并不能顯著降低新生兒GBS感染[5]。因此早期診斷和治療仍是最有效降低新生兒GBS感染發(fā)生率及病死率的方法。細(xì)菌培養(yǎng)是GBS診斷的金標(biāo)準(zhǔn),但耗時(shí)長,早期診斷的價(jià)值不大,近年來發(fā)展的實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR(RT-PCR)方法在GBS感染的早期診斷中優(yōu)勢明顯,但各文獻(xiàn)納入樣本量不大且報(bào)道的診斷參數(shù)不盡相同,為此本研究檢索RT-PCR診斷妊娠晚期孕婦和新生兒GBS感染的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),采用Meta分析方法進(jìn)行定量綜合,以期為新生兒GBS感染的早期診斷提供證據(jù)。

      1 方法

      1.1 文獻(xiàn)納入和排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ①RT-PCR對妊娠晚期孕婦及新生兒GBS感染診斷價(jià)值的前瞻性研究;②研究對象為出生7 d內(nèi)新生兒或妊娠晚期孕婦(孕28周至產(chǎn)時(shí))③文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道了RT-PCR檢測GBS感染的診斷參數(shù),或通過其提供的數(shù)據(jù)可以做出推算;④診斷金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為細(xì)菌培養(yǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn)GBS,且明確說明診斷標(biāo)本的來源;⑤中文和英文文獻(xiàn)。

      1.2 文獻(xiàn)檢索 電子檢索PubMed、Cochrane圖書館、中國生物醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(CBM)和維普數(shù)據(jù)庫(VIP)、萬方數(shù)據(jù)庫、中國知網(wǎng)(CNKI)。英文檢索詞:Group B streptococcus, GBS, real time PCR;中文檢索詞:B族鏈球菌、PCR。檢索起止時(shí)間為建庫至2015年5月10日。以PubMed數(shù)據(jù)庫為例,檢索式如下:(“real time PCR” OR RT-PCR) AND (“group B Streptococci” OR GBS)。未手工檢索灰色文獻(xiàn)。

      1.3 文獻(xiàn)篩選、資料提取和偏倚風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià) 本文文獻(xiàn)篩選、資料提取和質(zhì)量評價(jià)由鄭雪艷、韋紅完成,意見不統(tǒng)一時(shí)協(xié)商討論決定。

      1.3.1 文獻(xiàn)篩選 首先通過閱讀文題和摘要進(jìn)行初篩,排除明顯不符合納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的文獻(xiàn),之后閱讀全文決定是否納入。

      1.3.2 資料提取 ①一般情況及臨床信息:包括題目、作者、發(fā)表年份、國家、研究類型、樣本類型、研究對象和靶基因;②診斷參數(shù):診斷四格表參數(shù),包括真陽性值(TP)、假陽性值(FP)、真陰性值(TN)、假陰性值(TN),計(jì)算敏感度、特異度、陽性似然比(PLR)和陰性似然比(NLR)等。

      1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法 采用Spearman相關(guān)分析檢驗(yàn)由閾值效應(yīng)引起的異質(zhì)性;采用χ2檢驗(yàn)評價(jià)敏感度和特異度的異質(zhì)性;Cochrane-Q檢驗(yàn)評價(jià)PLR、NLR以及診斷比值比(DOR)的異質(zhì)性,檢驗(yàn)水準(zhǔn)為α=0.05。采用I2評價(jià)異質(zhì)性程度:I2≤25%為低度異質(zhì)性,~70%為中等異質(zhì)性,≥70%為高度異質(zhì)性。若存在非閾值效應(yīng)引起的異質(zhì)性則采用隨機(jī)效應(yīng)模型合并分析,反之則采用固定效應(yīng)模型合并分析。

      采用Meta-Disc 1.4軟件繪制匯總受試者工作特征(SROC)曲線,計(jì)算曲線下面積(AUC)和Q*指數(shù),Q*指數(shù)為SROC曲線與直線(敏感度=特異度)相交處的敏感度,Q*指數(shù)越大,AUC越接近1,表示診斷試驗(yàn)的準(zhǔn)確性和診斷價(jià)值越高。

      2 結(jié)果

      2.1 檢索結(jié)果 初檢索到155篇文獻(xiàn),17篇文獻(xiàn)[6~22](20項(xiàng)研究)進(jìn)入Meta分析,其中英文15篇,中文2篇,文獻(xiàn)納入和排除流程見圖1。一般情況如表1所示,17篇文獻(xiàn)共納入5 660例研究對象,5 938個(gè)研究樣本,16篇文獻(xiàn)樣本來源于孕婦,1篇文獻(xiàn)樣本來自新生兒。4篇文獻(xiàn)RT-PCR采用的靶基因不明確。納入文獻(xiàn)的診斷參數(shù)見表2。

      圖1 文獻(xiàn)篩選流程圖

      表1 納入17篇文獻(xiàn)的基本情況Tab 1 Characteristics of 17 included studies

      Notes w: weeks

      表2 納入17篇文獻(xiàn)診斷參數(shù)Tab 2 The diagnostic parameters of RT-PCR for GBS detection of 17 included studies

      Notes TP:true positive;FP:false positive;TN:true negative;FN:false negative;Sen:sensitivity;Spe:specificity

      2.3 發(fā)表偏倚 圖2B顯示,漏斗圖比較對稱,提示發(fā)表偏倚的可能性不大。

      2.4 閾值效應(yīng) SROC曲線顯示(圖2C),各文獻(xiàn)所對應(yīng)的點(diǎn)散在分布,不呈“肩臂”狀,計(jì)算敏感度對數(shù)與特異度對數(shù)的Spearman 相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.009,P=0.970,提示不存在閾值效應(yīng)。

      2.5 Meta分析結(jié)果 報(bào)道敏感度、特異度、PLR和NLR的文獻(xiàn)間Q檢驗(yàn)P均<0.001,I2均>50%,文獻(xiàn)間存在顯著的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)異質(zhì)性。采用隨機(jī)效應(yīng)模型合并結(jié)果,Meta分析的結(jié)果顯示(圖3和4),匯總敏感度為0.92 (95%CI: 0.90~0.94) ,特異度為0.94 (95%CI: 0.93~0.95),PLR為13.81(95%CI:8.80~21.69),NLR為0.11(95%CI:0.06~0.20)。SROC AUC= 0.972 1,Q*指數(shù)為0.923 3(圖2C)。

      圖2 納入17篇文獻(xiàn)的偏倚風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)結(jié)果、發(fā)表偏倚和診斷GBS感染的匯總受試者工作特征曲線

      Fig 2 Quality, SROC of GBS detection and publication bias analysis of 17 included studies

      Notes A: +: yes, -: no; ?: unclear;1:spectrum composition;2:selection criteria;3:reference standard;4:disease progression bias;5: partial verification;6:differential verification;7:incorporation bias;8: index test execution;9:reference standard execution;10:test review bias;11:reference standard review bias;12:clinical review bias;13:uninterruptible test results;14:withdrawals; B: funnel plot for publication bias analysis; C: SROC of RT-PCR in GBS detection

      圖3 RT-PCR診斷GBS感染的匯總敏感度、特異度

      Fig 3 Pooled sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR in GBS detection

      2.6 異質(zhì)性原因分析 報(bào)道各診斷參數(shù)的文獻(xiàn)間均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)異質(zhì)性,以DOR為效應(yīng)量行Meta回歸(REML法)分析異質(zhì)性來源。自變量選擇:患者類型(孕婦為1,新生兒為0)、樣本(陰道直腸拭子/陰道拭子為1,其他為0)、靶基因(cfb為1,其他或不清楚為0),結(jié)果提示患者類型是造成非閾值效應(yīng)的主要原因,RDOR=8.83(95%CI:1.20~64.94),P=0.034 1。

      以患者類型、樣本來源和靶基因行亞組分析,Meta分析結(jié)果顯示(表3),新生兒文獻(xiàn)的匯總特異度、PLR和NLR無顯著統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)異質(zhì)性,敏感度異質(zhì)性的P值處于臨界值(0.09);靶基因?yàn)閏fb的文獻(xiàn)匯總特異度和PLR有顯著的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)異質(zhì)性,孕婦、直腸陰道拭子標(biāo)本的匯總敏感度、特異度、PLR、NLR均有顯著統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)異質(zhì)性。提示患者類型和靶基因可解釋部分異質(zhì)性,樣本來源可能不是異質(zhì)性的來源。

      2.7 敏感性分析 分別剔除樣本量<100的文獻(xiàn)[7,12,13]、中文文獻(xiàn)[21,22]、樣本采集時(shí)間不明的文獻(xiàn)[11,13,14,18,19],靶基因不明的文獻(xiàn)[11~13,21]行敏感性分析,Meta分析結(jié)果顯示剔除文獻(xiàn)后各診斷參數(shù)的匯總95%CI與未剔除文獻(xiàn)的結(jié)果基本重疊(表4)。

      圖4 RT-PCR診斷GBS感染的匯總陽性似然比、陰性似然比

      表3 異質(zhì)性亞組分析結(jié)果Tab 3 Subgroup analysis results of heterogeneity

      Notes PLR: positive likelihood ratio; NLR: negative likelihood ratio

      表4 敏感度分析結(jié)果Tab 4 The results of sensitivity analysis

      Notes Sen:sensitivuty; Spe:specificty;PLR: positive likelihood ratio; NLR: negative likelihood ratio

      3 討論

      本文納入的17篇文獻(xiàn)中,1篇可能存在疾病譜偏倚,3篇可能存在選擇偏倚,3篇有金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)施偏倚的可能,5篇有發(fā)生待評價(jià)試驗(yàn)實(shí)施偏倚的可能,16篇可能存在金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀偏倚。所有病例均未出現(xiàn)難以解釋的中間結(jié)果。所有文獻(xiàn)發(fā)生金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏倚、疾病進(jìn)展偏倚、部分參照偏倚、多重參照偏倚、混合偏倚、試驗(yàn)解讀偏倚可能性不大。提示本研究納入文獻(xiàn)的總體質(zhì)量強(qiáng)度較高。

      細(xì)菌培養(yǎng)作為GBS感染診斷的金標(biāo)準(zhǔn),但至少48 h才能得出陽性結(jié)果,陰性結(jié)果至少也需72 h。GBS的血清學(xué)檢測,如乳膠凝集試驗(yàn)、酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)等,特異度較好(約95%),但報(bào)道的敏感度差別較大(9%~82%),且由于抗生素不合理使用,也可能會降低檢測的敏感度[23],上述方法已較少應(yīng)用。核酸分子雜交技術(shù)具有較高的敏感度和特異度,但需行預(yù)富集培養(yǎng)18~24 h[24]。常規(guī)PCR檢測至少需要6 h。RT-PCR最短30 min可得到陽性結(jié)果[25],150 min可得出陰性結(jié)果[14],因此在GBS的早期診斷中優(yōu)勢明顯。

      本文納入的文獻(xiàn)間存在顯著的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)異質(zhì)性。考慮可能與靶基因、納入的研究對象和樣本來源有關(guān)。目前用于GBS檢測的基因有:編碼特異性溶血性致病物質(zhì)CAMP因子(Christie-Atkins-Munch-Petersen factor)的cfb基因[26],編碼莢黏膜多糖的cps基因(cps1aH, cps1a/2/3IJ,cps5O 分別編碼Ⅰa,Ⅲ 和Ⅴ型GBS)[27],編碼表面免疫相關(guān)蛋白的sip基因等,其中以cfb為靶基因的RT-PCR研究最多。Meta回歸分析顯示,研究對象是異質(zhì)性的來源,為進(jìn)一步分析異質(zhì)性來源,以新生兒為研究對象的文獻(xiàn)、妊娠晚期孕婦為研究對象的文獻(xiàn)、靶基因?yàn)閏fb基因的文獻(xiàn)、直腸陰道拭子為樣本的文獻(xiàn)行亞組分析,結(jié)果提示研究對象和靶基因可解釋部分異質(zhì)性,樣本來源不是異質(zhì)性的原因??紤]異質(zhì)性可能還與其他原因有關(guān),如孕產(chǎn)婦抗生素使用情況、經(jīng)產(chǎn)情況、年齡、產(chǎn)檢情況、GBS分布的地域性差異、試驗(yàn)操作步驟、實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件、儀器和試劑等,但各文獻(xiàn)缺乏詳盡的描述,故無法進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步分析。

      本研究結(jié)果顯示, RT-PCR檢測 GBS的匯總敏感度為0.92 (95%CI:0.90~0.94%), 提示其漏診率為8%;匯總特異度為0.94(95%CI:0.93~0.95) , 提示其誤診率為6%。似然比為同時(shí)反映敏感度和特異度的復(fù)合指標(biāo), 當(dāng)PLR>10 且NLR<0.1時(shí), 具有非常好的診斷效能;PLR 5~10且NLR<0.2 時(shí),具有較好的診斷效能。本文結(jié)果的匯總PLR為13.81(95%CI:8.80~21.69) ,NLR為0.11(95%CI:0.06~0.20),同時(shí)SROC AUC為0.972 1,Q*指數(shù)為0.923 3。提示RT-PCR對于GBS具有非常好的診斷效能。

      本文Meta分析的局限性:①未檢索灰色文獻(xiàn),檢索語種局限于中文和英文;②各研究間的異質(zhì)性較大, 無法分析各研究間異質(zhì)性的原因;③用于新生兒檢測的研究很少,仍需更多文獻(xiàn)積累。

      [1]Baker CJ, Byington CL, Polin RA. Policy statement-Recommendations for the prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal (GBS) disease. Pediatrics, 2011,128(3):611-616

      [2]Fairlie T, Zell ER, Schrag S. Effectiveness of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of early-onset group B streptococcal disease. Obstet Gynecol, 2013,121(3):570-577

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      [8]Bergseng H, Bevanger L, Rygg M, et al. Real-time PCR targeting the sip gene for detection of group B Streptococcus colonization in pregnant women at delivery. J Med Microbiol, 2007,56(Pt 2):223-228

      [9]de Tejada BM, Stan CM, Boulvain M, et al. Development of a rapid PCR assay for screening of maternal colonization by group B streptococcus and neonatal invasive Escherichia coli during labor. Gynecol Obstet Invest, 2010,70(4):250-255

      [10]Bourgeois-Nicolaos N, Cordier AG, Guillet-Caruba C, et al. Evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert GBS assay for rapid detection of group B Streptococci in amniotic fluids from pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes. J Clin Microbiol, 2013,51(4):1305-1306

      [11]Chan KL, Levi K, Towner KJ, et al. Evaluation of the sensitivity of a rapid polymerase chain reaction for detection of group B streptococcus. J Obstet Gynaecol, 2006,26(5):402-406

      [12]Tanaka K, Iwashita M, Matsushima M, et al. Intrapartum group B Streptococcus screening using real-time polymerase chain reaction in Japanese population. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med, 2015:1-5

      [13]Gavino M, Wang E. A comparison of a new rapid real-time polymerase chain reaction system to traditional culture in determining group B streptococcus colonization. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 2007,197(4):388.e1-4

      [14]Park JS, Cho DH, Yang JH, et al. Usefulness of a rapid real-time PCR assay in prenatal screening for group B streptococcus colonization. Ann Lab Med, 2013,33(1):39-44

      [15]Alfa MJ, Sepehri S, De Gagne P, et al. Real-time PCR assay provides reliable assessment of intrapartum carriage of group B Streptococcus. J Clin Microbiol, 2010,48(9):3095-3099

      [16]Wei CF, She BC, Liang HS, et al. Prenatal Group B Streptococcus test using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol, 2009,48(2):116-119

      [17]Feuerschuette OM, Serratine AC, Bazzo ML, et al. Performance of RT-PCR in the detection of Streptococcus agalactiae in the anogenital tract of pregnant women. Arch Gynecol Obstet, 2012,286(6):1437-1442

      [18]Church DL, Baxter H, Lloyd T, et al. Evaluation of the Xpert(R) group B streptococcus real-time polymerase chain reaction assay compared to StrepB Carrot Broth for the rapid intrapartum detection of group B streptococcus colonization. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 2011,69(4):460-462

      [19]Riedlinger J, Beqaj SH, Milish MA, et al. Multicenter evaluation of the BD Max GBS assay for detection of group B streptococci in prenatal vaginal and rectal screening swab specimens from pregnant women. J Clin Microbiol, 2010,48(11):4239-4241

      [20]Morozumi M, Chiba N, Igarashi Y, et al. Direct identification of Streptococcus agalactiae and capsular type by real-time PCR in vaginal swabs from pregnant women. J Infect Chemother, 2015,21(1):34-38

      [21]Shi CY(時(shí)春艷), Zhao YY, Fang L, et al.A multi-center study on realtime polymerase chain reaction assay for group B Streptococcus in pregnant women.Chin J Perinat Med(中華圍產(chǎn)醫(yī)學(xué)雜志),2014,17(6):361-364

      [22]You YQ(游艷琴), Tong HL, Gao ZY.實(shí)時(shí)聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)技術(shù)檢測妊娠晚期B族溶血性鏈球菌的臨床價(jià)值.Chin J Perinat Med(中華圍產(chǎn)醫(yī)學(xué)雜志),2014,17(6):403-405

      [23]Deng JH(鄧江紅), Yang YH. The review of Molecular-based diagnosis and genotype study for group B streptococcus. Chin J Pediatr(中華兒科雜志), 2005,43(11):832-835

      [24]Emonet S, Schrenzel J, de Tejada B M. Molecular-based screening for perinatal group B streptococcal infection: implications for prevention and therapy. Mol Diagn Ther, 2013,17(6):355-361

      [25]Jost C, Bercot B, Jacquier H, et al. Xpert GBS assay for rapid detection of group B streptococcus in gastric fluid samples from newborns. J Clin Microbiol, 2014,52(2):657-659

      [26]Ke D, Menard C, Picard FJ, et al. Development of conventional and real-time PCR assays for the rapid detection of group B streptococci. Clin Chem, 2000,46(3):324-331

      [27]Poyart C, Tazi A, Reglier-Poupet H, et al. Multiplex PCR assay for rapid and accurate capsular typing of group B streptococci. J Clin Microbiol, 2007,45(6):1985-1988

      (本文編輯:丁俊杰)

      The diagnostic value of real-time PCR in group B Streptococci detection: a systematic review and meta analysis

      ZHENGXue-yan,WEIHong

      (DepartmentofNeonatology,Children′sHospitalofChongqingMedicalUniversity,MinistryofEducationKeyLaboratoryofChildDevelopmentandDisorders,ChongqingKeyLaboratoryofPediatrics,Chongqing400014,China)

      WEI Hong,E-mail:1056670630@qq.com

      ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic value of real time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)in group BStreptococci(GBS) detection.MethodsPubMed,Cochrane Library,China Biology Medicine disc(CBM disc),VIP citation databases,Wanfang database, CNKI were searched to recruit studies which evaluated the diagnostic value of RT-PCR compared with the conventional bacteria culturing method in late trimester of pregnant women and neonates aged below 7 days. The data were analyzed by using Meta Disc 1.4 software. The diagnostic value of RT-PCR in GBS detection was evaluated by the pooled sensitivity, pooled specificity, pooled likelihood ratio (LR) and area under curve (AUC) of summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC curve) statistical indicators.ResultsSeventeen literatures (twenty researches) were collected and 5 660 cases(5 938 pairs of specimens ) were included in the study . ①The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.93(95%CI:0.90-0.94) and 0.94(95%CI:0.93-0.95). The pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio(NLR) were 13.81(95%CI:8.80-21.69) and 0.11(95%CI:0.06-0.20) respectively. SROC area under the curve (AUC) was 0.972 1,Q*was 0.923 3. ②The sensitivity analysis of removing studies with sample capacity<100, domestic studies, studies with unclear period to collect samples and with unclear target gene,showed the confidence interval of the diagnostic parameters almost overlapped with the original data. ③Heterogeneity test showed remarkable heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis showed heterogeneity came from research object and target gene partly and sample type may not be the cause of heterogeneity. ConclusionRT-PCR had great value of diagnostic efficiency,and could be one of the valuable reference tests in early diagnosis of pregnant women in late trimester and neonatal GBS infection.

      Real time PCR ; Group Bstreptococci; Diagnose; Neonate; Sensitivity; Specificity; Systematic review; Meta analysis

      重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬兒童醫(yī)院新生兒科,兒童發(fā)育疾病研究教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,兒科學(xué)重慶市重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室 重慶,400014

      韋紅,E-mail:1056670630@qq.com

      10.3969/j.issn.1673-5501.2015.03.006

      2015-02-03

      2015-05-20)

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