康東升,王 妹,羅 婧
(中南民族大學(xué) 數(shù)學(xué)與統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)學(xué)院,武漢 430074)
帶有Hardy位勢(shì)項(xiàng)和Sobolev臨界指數(shù)的非齊次橢圓方程組解的存在性
康東升,王 妹,羅 婧
(中南民族大學(xué) 數(shù)學(xué)與統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)學(xué)院,武漢 430074)
運(yùn)用Ekeland變分原理和Hardy不等式方法,討論了一類帶有Hardy位勢(shì)項(xiàng)和Sobolev臨界指數(shù)的非齊次橢圓方程組,證明了在參數(shù)滿足一定約束條件時(shí)該方程組至少存在一個(gè)解.
非齊次橢圓方程組;Sobolev臨界指數(shù);Ekeland變分原理
(1)
(2)
對(duì)于?(u,v)∈H2,記:
J(u,v):=E(u,v)-(2*-1)F(u,v).
Λ:={(u,v)∈H2;〈I′(u,v),(u,v)〉=0}=
{(u,v)∈H2;E(u,v)-F(u,v)-
Λ+:={(u,v)∈Λ;J(u,v)>0}.
Λ0:={(u,v)∈Λ;J(u,v)=0}.
Λ-:={(u,v)∈Λ;J(u,v)<0}.
(3)
其中E(u,v):=
設(shè)方程組(1)的能量泛函為:
(4)
稱(u,v)∈H2是方程組(1)的解,如果(u,v)∈H2滿足:
(u,v)≠(0,0),〈I′(u,v),(φ,φ)〉=0,?(φ,φ)∈H2.
下面給出相關(guān)參數(shù)的假設(shè)條件如下:
E(u,v)≥
(5)
近年來(lái),帶Hardy位勢(shì)項(xiàng)和Sobolev指數(shù)的這類問(wèn)題引起學(xué)者們的廣泛關(guān)注,相關(guān)的研究結(jié)果大量出現(xiàn)[2-7].其中有學(xué)者討論一類含f(x)滿足一定條件下解的存在性問(wèn)題[8-10].這類結(jié)果加深了我們對(duì)于橢圓方程的認(rèn)識(shí),同時(shí)也促進(jìn)我們研究其他的方程,相關(guān)的新結(jié)果也不斷出現(xiàn)[11-17]. 本文主要結(jié)果見(jiàn)定理1.
定理1 假設(shè)條件(M1)和(M2)成立,且f(x),g(x)∈L∞(Ω),f(x)?0,g(x)?0,則方程組(1)在H2中至少有一個(gè)解存在.
引理1 設(shè)f(x)?0,g(x)?0,條件(M1)、(M2)成立,則有:
引理2 假設(shè)條件(M1)、(M2)成立,則對(duì)于?(u,v)∈Λ,(u,v)≠(0,0),有:
E(u,v)-(2*-1)F(u,v)≠0
(6)
證明 證明過(guò)程與文獻(xiàn)[8]相似.
引理3 設(shè)f(x)?0,g(x)?0,滿足條件(M1)、(M3),則對(duì)任意的(u,v)∈Λ,J(u,v)≠0,存在ε>0和可微函數(shù)t=t(α,β)>0,(α,β)∈H2,‖α‖+‖β‖<ε,使得t(0,0)=1,t(α,β)(u-α,v-β)∈Λ,并且有:
〈t′(0,0),(α,β)〉=
(2*-1)F(u,v)].
證明 證明過(guò)程仿照文獻(xiàn)[9]可得到.
引理4 設(shè)條件(M1)、(M2)成立,則對(duì)于(3)式而言存在一個(gè)極小化序列{(un,vn)}?Λ,使得:
‖β-vn‖),?(α,β)∈Λ.
證明 首先證明I是有界的.對(duì)于(u,v)∈Λ,有:
所以有:
(7)
下一步需要找到c0的一個(gè)上界,令(φ,φ)∈H2是以下方程組的弱解:
對(duì)于f?0,g?0有:
由引理1,可得到一個(gè)t0=t0(φ,φ),使得(t0φ,t0φ)∈Λ和J(t0φ,t0φ)>0成立.從而:
因此有:
c0≤I(t0φ,t0φ)<0.
(8)
再對(duì)極小化問(wèn)題(3)運(yùn)用Ekeland變分原理,可得到一個(gè)滿足引理4中條件(i)、(ii)的極小化序列(un,vn)∈Λ.證畢.
引理5 設(shè)條件(M1)、(M2)成立,{(un,vn)}?Λ是通過(guò)引理4獲得的極小化序列,且B:={(u,v)∈H2;F(u,v)=1}.如果下列極小化問(wèn)題:
(9)
成立,則有:
‖I′(un,vn)‖(H2)-1→0,n→∞.
證明 當(dāng)n充分大時(shí),由(8)式有:
因此:
(10)
且un≠0,vn≠0.再由(8)、(10)式有:
(11)
因此{(lán)(un,vn)}有界.
因此δ1→0,δ2→0有:
‖I′(un,vn)‖.
由(11)式,對(duì)于某個(gè)常數(shù)C>0,有:
因而有:
定理1的證明 設(shè)條件(M1)、(M2)成立.由引理4和引理5,可得到一個(gè)滿足下列條件的極小化序列(un,vn)∈Λ:
由引理4中(ii)有:
〈I′(u0,v0),(α,β)〉=0,?(α,β)∈H2.
如此(u0,v0)就是方程組(1)的一個(gè)弱解,且(u0,v0)∈Λ.因此:
故而有(un,vn)→(u0,v0),且:
對(duì)于?ε∈(0,1),fε=(1-ε)f,?η∈(0,1),gη=(1-η)g滿足條件(M2),記:
(12)
I(u,v)+ε‖f‖H-1‖u‖+η‖g‖H-1‖v‖≤
I(u,v)+εC4+ηC5,
(13)
其中C4,C5為正常數(shù).令f=fε,g=gη,由(6)、(13)式有:
cε,η≤c0+εC4+ηC5.
當(dāng)n→∞,取εn→0,ηn→0,使得在H2空間里對(duì)于某個(gè)(u0,v0)∈H2,有:
由(12)式有:
〈I′(u0,v0),(α,β)〉=0,?(α,β)∈H2.
從而有:
I(u0,v0)≤c0,(u0,v0)∈Λ.
進(jìn)而有I(u0,v0)=c0.因此(uεn,vηn)→(u0,v0).定理1證畢.
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Existence of Solutions to Inhomogeneous Elliptic Systems Involving Hardy-Type Terms and Critical Sobolev Exponents
Kang Dongsheng, Wang Mei, Luo Jing
(College of Mathematics and Statistics, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China)
In the paper, an inhomogeneous elliptic system is investigated,which involves Hardy-type terms and critical Sobolev exponents. The existence of at least one solution to the system is verified by the Ekeland varuational principle and the Hardy inequality, when the parameters satisfy certain constraints.
inhomogeneous elliptic systems; critical Sobolev exponent; Ekeland varuational principle
2015-07-22
康東升(1967-),男,教授,博士,研究方向:偏微分方程,E-mail: dongshengkang@scuec.edu.cn
國(guó)家民委科研基金資助項(xiàng)目(12ZNZ004);中南民族大學(xué)研究生創(chuàng)新基金資助項(xiàng)目(2015sycxjj128)
O175
A
1672-4321(2015)04-0109-05