遼寧省腫瘤醫(yī)院大腸外科,遼寧 沈陽(yáng) 110042
下調(diào)miR-21對(duì)PDCD4表達(dá)及結(jié)腸癌HT-29細(xì)胞功能的影響研究
任宇鵬,宋純,張昊
遼寧省腫瘤醫(yī)院大腸外科,遼寧 沈陽(yáng) 110042
背景與目的:miR-21可能通過(guò)抑制PDCD4表達(dá)調(diào)控結(jié)腸癌浸潤(rùn)及轉(zhuǎn)移等惡性行為。本研究通過(guò)下調(diào)miR-21表達(dá)后,檢測(cè)結(jié)腸癌HT-29細(xì)胞功能的變化,并觀察PDCD4在蛋白及mRNA表達(dá)水平的改變,探討miR-21及PDCD4的表達(dá)在結(jié)腸癌惡性行為中的關(guān)系及機(jī)制。方法:構(gòu)建靶向miR-21的干擾質(zhì)粒simiR-21,轉(zhuǎn)染HT-29細(xì)胞后,以實(shí)時(shí)定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染效率,MTT法檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染后細(xì)胞增殖變化,流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染后細(xì)胞調(diào)亡變化,Transwell檢測(cè)遷移及浸潤(rùn)能力改變,蛋白質(zhì)印跡法(Western blot)及qRT-PCR法檢測(cè)干擾后PDCD4表達(dá)水平變化。結(jié)果:經(jīng)qRT-PCR檢測(cè)simiR-21在HT-29細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染效率為60%~65%,轉(zhuǎn)染效率佳;MTT顯示轉(zhuǎn)染后72、96和120 h,HT-29增殖能力減弱(t=1.276,P<0.05;t=3.276,P<0.01;t=4.523,P<0.01);流式細(xì)胞術(shù)結(jié)果顯示,與si-negative control及miR-21組對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)染后HT-29調(diào)亡率明顯增加(t=2.132,P<0.05;t=3.524,P<0.05);Transwell結(jié)果顯示,simiR-21轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞遷移能力降低(t=2.423,P<0.05;t=3.153,P<0.05),侵襲能力降低(t=3.245,P<0.05;t=5.236,P<0.05);Western blot檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示,PDCD4蛋白在simiR-21細(xì)胞的表達(dá)水平明顯上調(diào)(t=2.342,P<0.05;t=4.215,P<0.05);qRT-PCR檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示,PDCD4 mRNA在simiR-21細(xì)胞的表達(dá)水平明顯上調(diào)(t=2.261,P<0.05;t=3.492,P<0.05)。結(jié)論:simiR-21下調(diào)miR-21表達(dá)后,結(jié)腸癌HT-29細(xì)胞增殖能力受抑制,并促進(jìn)其調(diào)亡,抑制遷移及浸潤(rùn)能力,PDCD4上調(diào)。miR-21可能通過(guò)下調(diào)PDCD4表達(dá)促進(jìn)腫瘤細(xì)胞惡性行為,可作為結(jié)腸癌治療新的靶向候選基因。
結(jié)腸癌;增殖;調(diào)亡;miR-21;HT-29
結(jié)腸癌發(fā)病率高,在惡性腫瘤中的發(fā)病率呈現(xiàn)逐年快速上升趨勢(shì),在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家及發(fā)展中國(guó)家更為明顯,發(fā)病越來(lái)越年輕化,在我國(guó)位居消化道惡性腫瘤致死率的第4位[1]。結(jié)腸癌的發(fā)生、發(fā)展是多基因參與的過(guò)程。miR-21是miRNAs家族成員之一,在胃癌、食管癌、卵巢癌及乳腺癌等多種腫瘤中高表達(dá)[2],miR-21高表達(dá)與結(jié)腸癌TNM分期、淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移、凋亡、遷移及浸潤(rùn)等惡性行為具有正相關(guān)性[3],但是對(duì)其分子生物學(xué)的研究相對(duì)較少。有研究認(rèn)為,miR-21通過(guò)下調(diào)抑癌基因程序性死亡因子4(programmed cell death 4,PDCD4)的表達(dá)促進(jìn)惡性腫瘤細(xì)胞的遷移及浸潤(rùn)等惡性行為。PDCD4可能是miR-21直接和功能的靶分子[4]。本研究采用小干擾RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)對(duì)結(jié)腸癌HT-29細(xì)胞株中miR-21基因表達(dá)進(jìn)行干擾下調(diào),旨在觀察miR-21基因表達(dá)在結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞增殖及調(diào)亡中所起的作用,為進(jìn)一步研究其功能及基因治療靶點(diǎn)提供試驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
1.1 材料
HT-29細(xì)胞株購(gòu)自中國(guó)科學(xué)院上海生命科學(xué)研究院生物化學(xué)與細(xì)胞生物學(xué)研究所細(xì)胞庫(kù),所有細(xì)胞采用貼壁細(xì)胞法培養(yǎng)、傳代及保留,取對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期細(xì)胞進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。MTT試劑盒購(gòu)自美國(guó)Sigma公司,miRNA isolation提取分離試劑盒、RPMI-1640、LipofectamineTM2000及TRIzol購(gòu)自美國(guó)Invitrogen公司,All-in-OneTMqPCR Mix試劑盒購(gòu)自美國(guó)GeneCopoeia公司,Annexin V-FITC/PI試劑盒購(gòu)自南京凱基生物科技發(fā)展有限公司。兔抗人PDCD4單克隆抗體購(gòu)自北京中杉金橋生物制品有限公司。引物由上海吉瑪制藥技術(shù)有限公司設(shè)計(jì)并合成,simiR-21及si-negative control均由上海吉瑪制藥技術(shù)有限公司合成。simiR-21上游引物:5’-GATCCAUCUTCGAAGUGACTT-3’,下游引物:5’-UGCUCUTUGACGUAUGGAGTT-3’;sinegative control上游引物:5’-UUCACCGUACGU CUCACCUGT-3’,下游引物:5’-ACUGGAACC UCUCGCGGAATT-3’;PDCD4上游引物:5’-CAGTCGCATCTCGGTATCA-3’,下游引物:5’-CCGGCCGTGATGAGCGTA-3’。
1.2 研究方法
1.2.1 simiR-21及si-negative control轉(zhuǎn)染HT-29細(xì)胞
將對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期細(xì)胞分為3組:miR-21組、simiR-21組及si-negative control組。對(duì)simiR-21組及si-negative control組對(duì)24 h內(nèi)細(xì)胞融合達(dá)到70%~90%的細(xì)胞株依照LipofectamineTM2000試劑說(shuō)明書(shū)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)染,轉(zhuǎn)染48 h后按照miRNA isolation提取及分離試劑盒說(shuō)明書(shū)提取miRNA進(jìn)行總RNA完整性檢測(cè),應(yīng)用紫外線分光光度儀進(jìn)行RNA溶解吸光度(A)值檢測(cè)(介于260~280 nm處比值),計(jì)算RNA濃度及純度,比值為1.8~2.1者用于進(jìn)一步實(shí)驗(yàn),采用實(shí)時(shí)定量PCR(qRT-PCR)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)染后HT-29中miR-21 mRNA表達(dá)與miR-21組及si-negative control組進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染效率。
1.2.2 qRT-PCR測(cè)定轉(zhuǎn)染效率及轉(zhuǎn)染后PDCD4水平
按照TRIzol試劑盒說(shuō)明書(shū)步驟進(jìn)行提取純化各細(xì)胞株總RNA;所有RNA樣本濃度均稀釋至1 g/L,根據(jù)逆轉(zhuǎn)錄-擴(kuò)增試劑盒說(shuō)明書(shū)進(jìn)行逆轉(zhuǎn)錄及擴(kuò)增。RT-PCR反應(yīng)體系(2×All-in-One qPCR Mix 10 μL,引物正義鏈1 μL,50×Syber Green 2 μL,cDNA 2 μL,引物反義鏈1 μL,ddH2O 4 μL),反應(yīng)的條件:95 ℃預(yù)變性10 min;95 ℃變性10 s、60 ℃退火20 s、72 ℃延伸10 s,共30個(gè)循環(huán)。所有反應(yīng)均設(shè)立復(fù)孔,并以DEPC水代替模板,cDNA作為陰性對(duì)照,GAPDH為內(nèi)參照。反應(yīng)結(jié)束后進(jìn)行溶解曲線分析。
1.2.3 MTT(methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium)法檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染后HT-29細(xì)胞增殖
取各組細(xì)胞,按MTT試劑盒說(shuō)明操作,以5×103細(xì)胞/孔密度于96孔細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)板內(nèi)進(jìn)行接種,設(shè)3個(gè)復(fù)孔,培養(yǎng)24、48、72、96及120 h后,每孔加5 mg/mL MTT 2μL,繼續(xù)溫育4 h,棄去上清液,加入DMSO 150 μL,振蕩溶解結(jié)晶,比色選擇570 nm波長(zhǎng),在酶聯(lián)免疫檢測(cè)儀上測(cè)定各孔A值,重復(fù)3次試驗(yàn)。
1.2.4 流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染后HT-29細(xì)胞調(diào)亡
轉(zhuǎn)染48 h后,取各組細(xì)胞,按照Annexin V-FITC/PI試劑盒說(shuō)明書(shū)進(jìn)行操作,上流式細(xì)胞儀,Alexa FITC最大激發(fā)波長(zhǎng)為488 nm,最大發(fā)射波長(zhǎng)為509 nm,PI-DNA復(fù)合物最大激發(fā)波長(zhǎng)為535 nm,最大發(fā)射波長(zhǎng)為615 nm,用Cell Quest進(jìn)行分析。Alexa FITC為X軸,PI為Y軸,每個(gè)樣本采集10 000例,可將早期調(diào)亡細(xì)胞、晚期調(diào)亡細(xì)胞及繼發(fā)壞死細(xì)胞區(qū)分開(kāi),計(jì)算出陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞百分比,重復(fù)3次試驗(yàn)。
1.2.5 細(xì)胞遷移能力檢測(cè)
按TranswellRPolycarbonate Membrane Inserts試劑盒的操作步驟試驗(yàn),檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染前、后HT-29細(xì)胞遷移能力的變化。在顯微鏡下取8個(gè)不同的視野(×100)進(jìn)行計(jì)數(shù),重復(fù)3次,計(jì)算每次遷移細(xì)胞減少百分比。
1.2.6 細(xì)胞侵襲能力檢測(cè)
按BioCoat Matrigel invasion chamber試劑盒說(shuō)明書(shū)進(jìn)行試驗(yàn),顯微鏡下取8個(gè)不同的視野(×100)進(jìn)行計(jì)數(shù),重復(fù)3次,計(jì)算侵襲細(xì)胞減少的百分比。
1.2.7 蛋白質(zhì)印跡法(Western blot)檢測(cè)simiR-21轉(zhuǎn)染后PDCD4在蛋白水平表達(dá)
按說(shuō)明書(shū)提取HT-29總蛋白,BCA定量試劑盒測(cè)蛋白濃度,樣本均定量為5 g/L,每條泳道上樣10 μg 蛋白,采用12%十二烷基磺酸鈉-聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳,70 V 80 min電轉(zhuǎn)移至PVDF膜。5%脫脂奶粉封閉2 h,加入一抗,4 ℃溫育過(guò)夜。TBST洗膜,加入二抗室溫溫育1.5 h,TBST清洗后ECL發(fā)光,凝膠顯像儀顯像。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
采用PASW Statistics 18.0軟件進(jìn)行作圖及統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,計(jì)量資料采用±s表示,率的比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn),qRT-PCR結(jié)果采用GraphPad Prism 6.0進(jìn)行ONE WAY ANOVA分析及作圖,P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 qRT-PCR檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染效率
2.1.1 總RNA濃度測(cè)定
用DEPC水調(diào)零后,取1.5 μL樣本在ND-1000全波長(zhǎng)紫外/可見(jiàn)光掃描分光光度計(jì)測(cè)樣臺(tái)上進(jìn)行測(cè)量,記錄A260/A280值及濃度,結(jié)果顯示,總RNA樣本A260/A280值為1.8~2.0,RNA純度較高,無(wú)DNA、蛋白質(zhì)等污染,濃度在100~1 458.2 μg/μL。
2.1.2 總RNA完整性檢測(cè)
取RNA樣本1 μL,1%瓊脂凝膠電泳80 V 20 min,EB染色10 min,用凝膠成像系統(tǒng)觀察并拍照。結(jié)果顯示,總RNA 5sRNA、18sRNA及28sRNA條帶完整,總RNA抽取比較完整(圖1)。
圖1 總RNA完整性檢測(cè)Fig. 1 Detecting the integrity of total RNA
2.1.3 qRT-PCR檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染效率
qRT-PCR檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示,simiR-21轉(zhuǎn)染后與si-negative control組及miR-21組對(duì)比,HT-29細(xì)胞miR-21在mRNA水平表達(dá)量明顯降低(t=2.542,P<0.05),干擾效果明顯,沉默效率為60%~65%(圖2)。
圖2 qRT-PCR檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染后miR-21在mRNA水平表達(dá)Fig. 2 miR-21 mRNA expression detecting by qRT-PCR
2.2 simiR-21轉(zhuǎn)染后PDCD4在mRNA水平及蛋白水平的表達(dá)
Western blot檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示,在52×103處有灰色調(diào)帶顯示,PDCD4蛋白在simiR-21細(xì)胞的表達(dá)量明顯高于miR-21細(xì)胞及si-negative control細(xì)胞(t=2.342,P<0.05;t=4.215,P<0.05,圖3A);qRT-PCR結(jié)果顯示,PDCD4 mRNA在simiR-21細(xì)胞的表達(dá)水平明顯高于miR-21細(xì)胞及si-negative control細(xì)胞(t=2.261,P<0.05;t=3.492,P<0.05,圖3B)。
2.3 MTT檢測(cè)simiR-21干擾后HT-29細(xì)胞的增殖改變
通過(guò)采集0、24、48、72、96、120 h時(shí)間點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù),simiR-21、miR-21與si-negative control細(xì)胞增殖率,72 h分別為:(41.7±14.6)%、(59.3±6.3)%、(58.3±3.2)%;96 h分別為:(43.6±15.4)%、(77.2±8.2)%、(78.5±7.3)%;120 h分別為:(49.6±16.4)%、(81.9±4.6)%、(85.2±3.8)%。simiR-21干擾后HT-29細(xì)胞增殖能力受到抑制,在72、96及120 h差異均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=1.276,P<0.05;t=3.276,P<0.01;t=4.523,P<0.01,圖4)。
圖3 simiR-21轉(zhuǎn)染前、后PDCD4在蛋白水平(A)及mRNA水平的變化(B)Fig. 3 PDCD4 expression at protein level (A) and mRNA level(B) after simiR-21 transfection
圖4 MTT檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染后HT-29細(xì)胞增殖Fig. 4 HT-29 proliferation after transfection detecting by MTT
2.4 流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)simiR-21干擾后HT-29細(xì)胞調(diào)亡改變
simiR-21、miR-21與si-negative control各組細(xì)胞凋亡率分別為32.74%、10.16%及14.98%,simiR-21與si-negative control及miR-21組對(duì)比,HT-29細(xì)胞調(diào)亡率增高,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=2.132,P<0.05;t=3.524,P<0.05,圖5)。
2.5 simiR-21轉(zhuǎn)染后細(xì)胞遷移能力檢測(cè)
Transwell結(jié)果顯示,simiR-21轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞與si-negative control轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞及miR-21細(xì)胞遷移減少百分比對(duì)比,明顯降低HT-29細(xì)胞的遷移能力(t=2.423,P<0.05;t=3.153,P<0.05,圖6A)。
2.6 simiR-21轉(zhuǎn)染后細(xì)胞侵襲能力檢測(cè)
與si-negative control及miR-21組對(duì)比,HT-29細(xì)胞的侵襲能力在simiR-21轉(zhuǎn)染后明顯降低(t=3.245,P<0.05;t=5.236,P<0.05,圖6B)。
圖5 流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染后HT-29細(xì)胞調(diào)亡Fig. 5 HT-29 apoptosis after transfection detected si-negative control by flowcytometry
圖6 轉(zhuǎn)染后遷移及侵襲檢測(cè)Fig. 6 Migration and invasion after transfection
結(jié)腸癌至發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)瘤體一般較大,因此多以貧血或急性腸梗阻為首發(fā)癥狀,首診時(shí)腫瘤已發(fā)展較晚,也是較容易被忽略的腫瘤之一[5]。對(duì)于結(jié)腸癌惡性生長(zhǎng)行為的研究一直是熱點(diǎn),微小RNAs(miRNAs)是一類(lèi)內(nèi)源性小片段的非編碼RNA的調(diào)控因子,長(zhǎng)度21個(gè)核苷酸左右,定位于17p23.2染色體,由72nt莖環(huán)樣結(jié)構(gòu)前體剪切加工成熟的具有自主轉(zhuǎn)錄單位的miRNA組成,其在腫瘤發(fā)展中的作用為癌基因或抑癌基因樣作用[6]。miR-21是miRNAs家族成員之一,在胃癌、乳腺癌及卵巢癌等腫瘤中高表達(dá),并作為肺癌判斷預(yù)后的標(biāo)志物[7-8]。
miR-21在結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞中的研究目前報(bào)道較少[4]。有研究認(rèn)為,miR-21過(guò)表達(dá)會(huì)下調(diào)PDCD4表達(dá),PDCD4是抑癌基因,PDCD4蛋白在細(xì)胞凋亡所需新生大分子復(fù)合物之一,在細(xì)胞凋亡中增量調(diào)節(jié)。PDCD4及miR-21在胃癌及乳腺癌中具有相關(guān)性。
本研究采用siRNA技術(shù)成功構(gòu)建simiR-21,并轉(zhuǎn)染結(jié)腸癌HT-29細(xì)胞,經(jīng)qRT-PCR證明沉默效率達(dá)到60%以上,siRNA干擾技術(shù)在腫瘤細(xì)胞功能研究方面是成熟、便捷、有效及低成本的[9-10]。MTT顯示,miR-21下調(diào)表達(dá)72 h以后,HT-29細(xì)胞增殖能力明顯下降,在96及120 h時(shí),simiR-21對(duì)HT-29細(xì)胞增殖的抑制更為明顯,與未下調(diào)組相比,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,miR-21基因編碼的蛋白產(chǎn)物可以造成DNA受損,促進(jìn)細(xì)胞周期停滯于G1期,具有重要的促癌功能[11]。有研究顯示,miR-21基因高表達(dá)的結(jié)直腸癌中,緊密連接蛋白(ZO-1)及上皮鈣黏蛋白(E-cad)表達(dá)降低、神經(jīng)鈣黏蛋白(N-cad)及轉(zhuǎn)錄因子Slug的表達(dá)升高,第10號(hào)染色體上同源缺失性磷酸酶-張力蛋白(PTEN)表達(dá)量顯著降低、磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-Akt)表達(dá)升高,提示miR-21對(duì)人結(jié)直腸癌細(xì)胞EMT的發(fā)生有促進(jìn)作用,并誘發(fā)細(xì)胞遷移和侵襲,其機(jī)制可能與下調(diào)PTEN蛋白表達(dá)、激活PI3K/Akt通路,從而促進(jìn)EMT有關(guān)[12-13]。PTEN是PI3K/Akt信號(hào)通路中重要靶基因之一,miR-21可能通過(guò)下調(diào)PDCA4表達(dá),從而抑制PTEN信號(hào)傳遞實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)結(jié)腸癌惡性行為的調(diào)控。
本研究顯示,通過(guò)流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè),simiR-21干擾后,HT-29細(xì)胞株凋亡率明顯升高,并以早期凋亡為主,miR-21高表達(dá)可能抑制腫瘤細(xì)胞凋亡,對(duì)其基因進(jìn)行敲除后結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞凋亡增加。miR-21高表達(dá)會(huì)下調(diào)PDCD4表達(dá),通過(guò)PI3K/Akt信號(hào)通路抑制結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞凋亡,PDCD4高表達(dá)會(huì)加速結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞凋亡,miR-21基因敲除后PDCD4表達(dá)上調(diào),說(shuō)明miR-21對(duì)PDCD4表達(dá)具有調(diào)控作用。miR-21通過(guò)與靶基因3’端非翻譯區(qū)的不完全配對(duì)抑制靶基因mRNA的翻譯或降解,從而參與細(xì)胞分化、增殖、發(fā)育、凋亡及代謝等生物過(guò)程[14]。遺傳或表觀遺傳改變、miRNA加工相關(guān)基因及相關(guān)蛋白異常變化是miRNA表達(dá)異常的主要原因[15]。遺傳改變是指染色體的異常,大部分miR-21位于脆性位點(diǎn),因此,常常與癌變相關(guān)[16]。miR-21可能通過(guò)抑制人10號(hào)染色體缺失磷酸酶或PTEN、PDCD4及TPMI等抑癌基因作用而促進(jìn)腫瘤發(fā)生、發(fā)展,因此miR-21可能具有原癌基因的作用[17]。一部分腫瘤中的miR-21具有誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞凋亡,抑制細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)移及浸潤(rùn)的作用,在不同腫瘤中,miR-21可能扮演著抑癌基因及促癌基因的雙重作用。miR-21下調(diào)后,PDCD4明顯上調(diào),PDCD4可能接受miR-21作用,如果miR-21高表達(dá),PDCD4表達(dá)水平下降,癌細(xì)胞遷移及浸潤(rùn)能力提高[18]。
與miR-21促進(jìn)結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞增殖,抑制其凋亡相關(guān)的基因及通道蛋白有抑制或促進(jìn)細(xì)胞分裂、增殖、遷移及凋亡等功能[19]。本研究顯示,通過(guò)對(duì)miR-21基因的敲除,對(duì)結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞的惡性行為具有抑制作用,這種抑制作用可能是由于對(duì)PDCD4表達(dá)水平的上調(diào)而引起的,miR-21可以作為結(jié)腸癌診斷及預(yù)后分析的標(biāo)志物,也可能成為治療的靶點(diǎn)[20-21]。
[1] WANG Z, CAI Q, JIANG Z, et al. Prognostic role of MicroRNA-21 in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis [J]. Med Sci Monit, 2014, 18(20): 1668-1674.
[2] 周克兵, 谷剛. 下調(diào)miR-21表達(dá)抑制鼻咽癌CNE2細(xì)胞增殖和侵襲[J]. 中國(guó)癌癥雜志, 2013, 23(11): 863-867.
[3] 熊兵紅, 馬利, 程勇, 等. 抑制miR-21表達(dá)對(duì)結(jié)腸癌HCT116細(xì)胞生物學(xué)行為的影響[J]. 中國(guó)腫瘤生物治療雜志, 2014, 21(1): 40-54.
[4] PEACOCK O, LEE A C, CAMERON F, et al. Inflammation and miR-21 pathways functionally interact to downregulate PDCD4 in colorectal cancer[J]. 2014, 13, 9(10): e110267.
[5] MENG X R, LU P, MEI J Z, et al. Expression analysis of miRNA and target mRNAs in esophageal cancer[J]. Braz J Med Biol Res, 2014, 47(9): 811-817.
[6] YU Y, KANWAR S S, PATEL B B, et al. MicroRNA-21 induces stemness by downregulating transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFβR2) in colon cancer cells[J]. Carcinogenesis, 2012, 33(1): 68-76.
[7] REN Q, LIANG J, WEI J, et al. Epithelial and stromal expression of miRNAs during prostate cancer progression[J]. Am J Transl Res, 2014, 6(4): 329-339.
[8] 潘文征, 唐萬(wàn)燕, 袁偉, 等. 微小RNA在胰腺癌患者血漿中的表達(dá)情況及臨床意義[J]. 中華腫瘤雜志, 2014, 36(5): 351-354.
[9] FALTEJSKOVA P, BESSE A, SEVCIKOVA S, et al. Clinical correlations of miR-21 expression in colorectal cancer patients and effects of its inhibition on DLD1 colon cancer cells[J]. Int J Colorectal Dis, 2012, 27(11): 1401-1408.
[10] YE T T, YANG Y L, LIU X Y, et al. Prognostic value of circulating microRNA-21 in digestive system cancers: a meta-analysis[J]. Int J Clin Exp Med, 2014, 7(4): 873-878.
[11] XIONG B, CHENG Y, MA L, et al. miR-21 regulates biological behavior through the PTEN/PI-3 K/Akt signalingpathway in human colorectal cancer cells[J]. Int J Oncol, 2013, 42(1): 219-228.
[12] SHRESTHA S, HSU S D, HUANG W Y, et al. A systematic review of microRNA expression profiling studies in human gastric cancer[J]. Cancer Med, 2014, 3(4): 878-888.
[13] DENG J, LEI W, FU J C, et al. Targeting miR-21 enhances the sensitivity of human colon cancer HT-29 cells to chemoradiotherapy in vitro[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2014, 443(3): 789-795.
[14] CHEN J, WANG X. MicroRNA-21 in breast cancer: diagnostic and prognostic potential[J]. Clin Transl Oncol, 2014, 16(3): 225-233.
[15] NIELSEN B S, J?RGENSEN S, FOG J U, et al. High levels of microRNA-21 in the stroma of colorectal cancers predict short disease-free survival in stage Ⅱ colon cancer patients[J]. Clin Exp Metastasis, 2011, 28(1): 27-38.
[16] 徐登誠(chéng), 劉寶瑞, 沈潔. 胃癌組織和循環(huán)miR-21與胃癌伊立替康敏感性關(guān)系的初步研究[J]. 中國(guó)癌癥雜志, 2013, 23(9): 744-750.
[17] LI X, HUANG K, YU J. Inhibition of microRNA-21 upregulates the expression of programmed cell death 4 and phosphatase tensin homologue in the A431 squamous cell carcinoma cell line[J]. Oncol Lett, 2014, 8(1): 203-207.
[18] LIN P L, WU D W, HUANG C C, et al. MicroRNA-21 promotes tumour malignancy via increased nuclear translocation of β-catenin and predicts poor outcome in APC-mutated but not in APC-wild-type colorectal cancer[J]. Carcinogenesis, 2014, 35(10): 2175-2182.
[19] 趙文健, 楊亮, 唐偉軍. miR-216a通過(guò)靶向調(diào)控蛋白激酶Cα抑制膠質(zhì)瘤細(xì)胞增殖和侵襲[J]. 中國(guó)癌癥雜志, 2013, 23(6): 420-424.
[20] FERRARO A, KONTOS CK, BONI T, et al. Epigenetic regulation of miR-21 in colorectal cancer: ITGB4 as a novel miR-21 target and a three-gene network (miR-21-ITGΒ4-PDCD4) as predictor of metastatic tumor potential[J]. Epigenetics, 2014, 9(1): 129-141.
[21] BAE S, SHIM S H, PARK C W, et al. Combined omics analysis identifies transmembrane 4 L6 family member 1 as a surface protein marker specific to human mesenchymal stem cells[J]. Stem Cells Dev, 2011, 20(2): 197-203.
[22] SAXENA A, TAMMALI R, RAMANA K V, et al. Aldose reductase inhibition prevents colon cancer growth by restoring phosphatase and tensin homolog through modulation of miR-21 and FOXO3a[J]. Antioxid Redox Signal, 2013, 18(11): 1249-1262.
Silencing of miR-21 influences the function of colon cancer cell line HT-29 and the expression of PDCD4
REN Yupeng, SONG Chun, ZHANG Hao (Department of Colorectal Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang Liaoning 110042, China)
REN Yupeng E-mail: pangheshangmomo@163.com
Background and purpose:PDCD4 may be inhibited by miR-21 to regulate the malignant behaviors of colon cancer such as invasion and migration. This study aimed to explore the function of colon cancer HT-29 cell lines by downregulating miR-21 expression and discuss the mechanisms and relationship between miR-21 and PDCD4 in colon cancer malignant behaviors.Methods:simiR-21 was transfected into colon cancer cell line HT-29 to downregulate the expression of miR-21. Proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were detected by MTT, flow cytometry and Transwell assay after transfection. PDCD4 expression was detected by Western blot and qRTPCR.Results:The qRT-PCR analysis result proved that the transfection efficiency was 60%-65%. MTT analysis result showed that the proliferations of HT-29 cells were inhibited after the transfection of miR-21 for 72, 96, 120 h (t=1.276, P<0.05; t=3.276, P<0.01; t=4.523, P<0.01). Comparing with si-negative control and miR-21 groups, flow cytometry result showed that the apoptosis rate was increased after miR-21 expression downregulated (t=2.132, P<0.05; t=3.524, P<0.05). Transwell assay result showed that migration (t=2.423, P<0.05; t=3.153, P<0.05) and invasion(t=3.245, P<0.05; t=5.236, P<0.05) were inhibited; Western blot result showed that PDCD4 expression was up-regulated at protein level(t=2.342, P<0.05; t=4.215, P<0.05); qRT-PCR result showed that PDCD4 expression was up-regulated at mRNA level(t=2.261, P<0.05; t=3.492, P<0.05).Conclusion:The proliferation, migration and invasion are the inhibited, and apoptosis is attenuated after miR-21 downregulated by simiR-21 transfection, PDCD4 expression is up-regulated. miR-21 may enhance the malignant behavior of cancer cells by downregulating the PDCD4 expression, miR-21 might be a target gene for colon cancer therapy.
Colon cancer; Proliferation; Apoptosis; miR-21; HT-29
10.3969/j.issn.1007-3969.2015.01.002
R735.53+
A
1007-3639(2015)01-0006-07
2014-10-07
2014-11-25)
任宇鵬 E-mail:pangheshangmomo@163.com