張棟華
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2014.23.47
摘 要 目的:探討兒童甲型肝炎與成人甲型肝炎臨床特征差異,以減少誤診,提高正確診斷率。方法:2000年4月-2013年7月收治甲型肝炎患者70例,其中兒童組(3~15歲)40例,成人組(≥16歲)30例,對(duì)所有患者肝功能和臨床表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行總結(jié)分析。結(jié)果:兒童組嘔吐10例,納差25例,發(fā)熱24例,上腹痛11例;成人組嘔吐18例,納差28例,發(fā)熱11例,上腹痛7例。兩組在嘔吐、納差和發(fā)熱方面比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);兩組總膽紅素、谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶升高比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:兒童甲肝肝功能異常情況明顯,在臨床表現(xiàn)方面,兒童嘔吐、納差發(fā)生率低于成人組,但發(fā)熱明顯高于成人組。
關(guān)鍵詞 甲型肝炎;兒童;成人
Comparative analysis of clinical features of children with hepatitis A and adult with hepatitis A
Zhang Donghua
Department of Infectious Diseases,the Fifth People's Hospital of Anyang City,Henan 455000
Abstract Objective:To explore the clinical features of children with hepatitis A and adult with hepatitis A,in order to reduce the misdiagnosis and improve the correct rate of diagnosis.Methods:70 hepatitis A patients were selected from April 2000 to July 2013.The children group(3 to 15 years) had 40 cases,and the adult group(above 16 years old) had 30 cases.We compared the liver function and clinical manifestations of all patients.Results:In the children group,10 cases had vomit;25 cases had poor appetite;24 cases had fever;11 cases had upper abdominal pain.In the adult group,18 cases had vomit;28 cases had poor appetite;11cases had fever;7 cases had upper abdominal pain.In vomit,poor appetite and fever,there was significant difference between two groups(P<0.05).In total bilirubin and glutamic pyruvic transaminase,there was significant difference between two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Abnormal liver function of children with hepatitis A is more obvious.In the clinical manifestation, vomit and anorexia incidence rate in children are lower than that in the adult group,but fever was significantly higher than that in the adult group.
Key words Hepatitis A;Children;Adult
甲型肝炎是由甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)通過糞-口途徑傳播而引起的傳染病,多見于兒童及青少年?;颊咧饕憩F(xiàn)為惡心、乏力、食欲減退、肝大及肝功異常,多數(shù)患者在數(shù)周內(nèi)可恢復(fù)正常。由于兒童處于生長發(fā)育過程,在感染HAV后出現(xiàn)的臨床癥狀與成人不同。為探討兒童甲型肝炎與成人甲型肝炎臨床特征差異,以減少誤診,提高正確診斷率,本文收集我院診治的兒童甲型肝炎和成人甲型肝炎患者進(jìn)行比較,現(xiàn)報(bào)告如下。
資料與方法
2000年4月-2013年7月收治甲型肝炎患者70例,按年齡分為兒童組和成人組,其中兒童組(3~15)歲40例,成人組(≥16歲)30例,均符合甲型肝炎診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
方法:對(duì)所有患者肝功能和臨床表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行總結(jié)和分析。
結(jié) 果
兩組臨床表現(xiàn)比較:兒童組嘔吐10例,納差25例,發(fā)熱24例,上腹痛11例;成人組嘔吐18例,納差28例,發(fā)熱11例,上腹痛7例。在嘔吐、納差和發(fā)熱方面比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表1。
兩組肝功能檢查結(jié)果比較:兒童組總膽紅素<34.2 μmol/L 16例,34.2~85.5 μmol/L 9例,>85.5 μmol/L 15例,谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶<80 U/L 12例,80~400 U/L 12例,>400 U/L 16例。成人組總膽紅素25~49 μmol/L 3例,50~125 μmol/L 6例;谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶<400 U/L 2例,400~1 000 U/L 32例,>1 000 U/L 25例。兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表2。endprint