尋幽甘肅

甘肅位于中國西北部，地處黃河上游，黃土高原、內(nèi)蒙古高原和青藏高原的交匯地帶，橫跨黃河、長江、內(nèi)陸河三大流域。甘肅是西北地區(qū)的旅游集散地，國家旅游局主推的12條國家級旅游線路中，絲綢之路、黃河文明、萬里長城、紅軍長征、青藏鐵路五大旅游線路都與甘肅密切相關(guān)。

甘肅旅游資源十分豐富，類型多樣，是華夏文明的發(fā)源地、自然奇觀的博物館、民族風(fēng)情的大觀園、品質(zhì)旅游的目的地。除海洋和島礁外，甘肅擁有中國其他地區(qū)所有的旅游資源類型。甘肅的旅游資源可以概括為文化甘肅、山水甘肅、民族甘肅、現(xiàn)代甘肅、紅色甘肅五種類型。

Gansu is located in the northwest of China. On the upper reaches of the Yellow River， it is also the conjunction of Loess Plateau， Inner Mongolian Plateau， Qinghai-Tibet Plateau， covering the reaches of Yellow River， Yangtze River and Inner Land River. Gansu is the tourism hub of northwest area of China. Five tourist routes among 12 recommended by the State Tourism Administration are very closely related to Gansu： the Silk Road， the Yellow River Civilization， the Great Wall， the Long March of Red Army， and the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.

Gansu is very rich in tourist resources which present various types. It is the birthplace of Chinese civilization， the museum of natural wonders， the panorama of ethnic folk customs and destination of quality tourism. Except for oceans and islands， Gansu enjoys all other types of tourist resources that appear in other provinces. Tourist resources can be classified as the following： Gansu Culture， Gansu Natural Sceneries， Gansu Ethnic Culture， Gansu Modernization， and Red Tourism of Gansu.

甘肅位于絲綢之路黃金段，是古代中國連接西域的戰(zhàn)略要道，擁有豐富的文化寶藏，館藏文物數(shù)量和珍貴文物數(shù)量均居全國第五位?，F(xiàn)存各類石窟寺337座，大多開鑿于十六國到南北朝時期，完整地表現(xiàn)了中國佛教藝術(shù)的發(fā)展演變過程。莫高窟、麥積山石窟位列全國四大石窟第一和第三位，武威天梯山石窟被稱為“中國石窟鼻祖”。中國旅游標(biāo)志銅奔馬和中國郵政驛使圖就分別出土于武威和嘉峪關(guān)。

Gansu is located on the golden section of the Silk Road， connecting the ancient central China and the Western Region. It boasts rich cultural reserve and the quantity of common and rare cultural relics housed in museums ranks the fifth in China. Now there are 337 various existing grottoes and temples which were mostly excavated during the period between the Sixteen State Period and the Northern and Southern Dynasties and completely displayed the evolution and developing process of Chinese Buddhism Art Mogao Grottoes and Maijishan Grottoes respectively rank the first and the fourth among all grottoes in China， and Tiantishan Grottoes in Wuwei is called as“the ancestor of Chinese Grottoes”. The symbol of Chinese tourism the Bronze Galloping Horse and the symbolic picture of China Post： the Mail Carrier were respectively excavated in Wuwei and Jiayuguan.

黃河干流流經(jīng)甘肅913公里，誕生了燦爛輝煌的大地灣文化、馬家窯文化和農(nóng)耕文明，有瑪曲黃河首曲、永靖黃河三峽、蘭州百里黃河風(fēng)情線、景泰黃河石林等獨特的自然風(fēng)光。

The trunk stream of Yellow River runs 913km in Gansu Province which nourished the splendid cultures such as Dadiwan Culture， Majiayao Culture， and the farming culture. The River wonderfully presents itself through the First Yellow River Bend in Maqu， Three Gorges of Yellow River in Yongjing， the Hundred-li River Banks Vistas in Lanzhou and Yellow River Hoodoo in Jingtai.

甘肅境內(nèi)保存長城長度超過3600公里，占全國現(xiàn)存總量的60%，涵蓋秦、漢、明三代長城及晉、宋、西夏和元代的城障，各代長城的西部起點均在甘肅境內(nèi)，尤其是“天下雄關(guān)”嘉峪關(guān)、“長城第一墩”、陽關(guān)、玉門關(guān)、漢長城及烽燧等古長城遺存都是憑吊歷史的旅游名勝。

The length of Great Wall within Gansu is more than 3600km which covers 60 percent of the total existing length of the whole country. The Great Wall of Gansu part includes walls of Qin， Han， Ming Dynasties and fortresses of Jin， Song， Xixia and Yuan Dynasties and the western end all of these walls started in Gansu Province， especially“the Impregnable Pass under the Heaven” ---Jiayuguan Pass， the First Beacon Tower， Yangguan Pass， Yumenguan Pass （literally， Jade Gate Pass）， Great Wall of Han Dynasty as well as some signal towers， fortress ruins which are all attractions for people’s reverence and admiration.

甘肅歷史跨越8000余年，是中華民族和華夏文明的重要發(fā)祥地之一。距今8000年的秦安大地灣出土了世界上最早的彩陶，相傳人文始祖伏羲、女媧誕生在天水，西王母降凡于涇川回中山，周、秦王朝的先祖在此創(chuàng)業(yè)興邦，天下李氏的根在隴西。全省現(xiàn)有兩處世界文化遺產(chǎn)、一處世界非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)（“花兒”）、2.7萬多種國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。敦煌莫高窟、嘉峪關(guān)、天水麥積山、平?jīng)鲠轻忌?、《讀者》、《絲路花雨》、《大夢敦煌》等享譽全球，敦煌學(xué)、簡牘學(xué)發(fā)展為世界顯學(xué)。

Gansu enjoys long history of over 8000 years， which serves as one of the important birthplaces of Chinese Nation and Civilization. On Dadiwan of Qin’an County was excavated the earliest color pottery ware of more than 8000 years ago. It was said that the humane primogenitor Fuxi and Nvwa were born in Tianshui， the Mother Queen of West Heaven once came to the mundane world in Jingchuan when she planned to go back to Zhongshan， and the ancestors of Zhou and Qin Dynasties started their career here then established states and expanded greatly into prosperity later， and the root of Li family was here in Longxi. In Gansu Province， there are two world heritages. Hua’r was listed as the intangible world heritage and Mogao Grottoes as the world tangible heritage. Also Gansu boasts more than 27，000 kinds of state-level intangible heritages. Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes， Jiayuguan Pass， Tianshui Maiji Grottoes and Pingliang Kongtong Mountain attracts people from all over the world and the magazine Reader， the musical opera Tales on Silk Road （Flower Rain on Silk Road） and dancing opera Big Dream of Dunhuang enjoy their global reputation. Dunhuangology and the study in Ancient Inscribed Bamboo and Wooden Slips have already developed into world known subjects.

甘肅從南到北分布著八個不同的氣候類型區(qū)，植被種類多，地質(zhì)構(gòu)造獨特，擁有除海洋和島礁外中國所有的地貌類型。不僅有大漠戈壁、黃土高原、草原森林、冰川雪峰，而且還有典型的喀斯特地貌、丹霞地貌和雅丹地貌。多種地貌類型被地質(zhì)學(xué)家稱為“最豐富的地質(zhì)和地表特征博物館”，極具旅游觀賞性和開發(fā)價值。

From south to north Gansu was divided into eight various climate zones with great number of plant types and unique geography and landform. You can not only enjoy Gobi desert， Loess Plateau， prairies， forests， glaciers and snow-capped peaks but also very typical Karst， Danxia landform and Yadan landform. The variety of landform types has won Gansu a title from geologists “The Richest Geography and Landform Museum”. The types of landform are of very great tourism value and deserve to be developed for people’s appreciation.

敦煌雅丹國家地質(zhì)公園、鳴沙山月牙泉等風(fēng)光都是旅游勝地。騰格里沙漠、巴丹吉林沙漠、大漠胡楊等具有巨大的旅游開發(fā)潛力。

Yadan National Geological Park in Dunhuang， Mingsha Dune and Crescent Spring are all scenic areas closely related to desert. Tengger Desert， Badan Jaran Desert and Multi-leaved Poplar Forests （Populus Euphratica） are of great tourism and development value.

甘肅有4個國家級風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)、23個國家森林公園、4個國家地質(zhì)公園、9個國家級水利風(fēng)景區(qū)、6個國家級自然保護(hù)區(qū)、1個世界生物圈保護(hù)區(qū)。甘南夏河?？撇菰?、瑪曲草原和亞洲最大的馬場——山丹軍馬場等廣袤無垠的草原，水草豐茂。哈爾騰和哈什哈爾國際狩獵場集森林、草原、高山、峽谷、河流、草甸及野生動植物于一體，是國內(nèi)為數(shù)不多的國際狩獵場。

Within Gansu there are 4 National-level Scenic Areas， 23 National Forest Parks， 4 National Geological Parks， 9 National Water Parks， 6 National Nature Reserve， and 1 International Biosphere Reserve. Songke Prairie in Xiahe County， Gannan Tibet Autonomous Prefecture， Maqu Prairie， and the largest army horse ranch---Shandan Army Horse Ranch is carpeted with a mass of emerald grass and multicoloured flowers. Harteng and Hashhar International Hunting Land is a combination of forests， prairie， mountains， valleys， rivers， meadows and wild lives and it is one of rare hunting lands in China.

祁連山脈有26座5000米以上的高峰，分布著227條高山冰川，成為河西走廊的“高山天然水庫”，已開發(fā)建成肅南“七一”冰川和肅北透明夢柯冰川等旅游景點。

On the range of Qilian Mountain there are 25 peaks which are higher than 5，000m and 227 glaciers. It is known as “the Nature-endowed Mountain Reservoir” of Hexi Corridor. The July 1st Glacier of Sunan and the Translucent Mengke Glacier of Subei has been developed into tourist attractions.

甘肅有丹霞地貌53處，占全國已發(fā)現(xiàn)丹霞地貌總數(shù)的18.2%，列全國丹霞數(shù)量之冠，特別是張掖丹霞國家地質(zhì)公園為國內(nèi)唯一丹霞地貌與彩色丘陵景觀復(fù)合區(qū)，雄奇壯美，鬼斧神工。

In Gansu there are 53 Danxia landform spots which cover 18.2% of the total and rank the first in China. The National Danxia Geological Park in Zhangye is the unique combined area of Danxia landform and colored hills which present a gorgeous and magnificent scenery to this world.

甘肅南部上百條峽谷多屬原始森林區(qū)，有文縣天池、武都萬象洞等景點。峽谷群內(nèi)還生長著熱、溫、寒帶千余種植物和大熊貓、金絲猴、紅腹錦雞等多種珍禽異獸。

IHundreds of valleys in the south of Gansu are scattered in the primitive forest zone including Tianchi （the Heavenly Lake） of Wenxian County and Wanxiang Cave of Wudu County. Those valleys are also wonderful homes of thousands of types of plants in tropical， temperate or cold zones， and lots of animals including some rare animals such as panda， golden Snub-nosed Monkeys （Rhinopithecus Roxellana），the Golden Pheasant（Chrysolophus pictus）.